SCIENCE 5

D
Sexual Reproduction in A
Plants (Self and Cross- Y
Pollination) 1

QUARTER 2 WEEK 5
 Review: Label the parts of the flower
Stigma

Style Anther
Pistil Stamen
Filament
Ovary
Petal
Sepal

Receptacle
Observe the picture below.

What can
you say
about the
picture?
Bees have an essential part in the
reproduction of flowers.

In this lesson you will know more

about self-pollination and cross-
pollination, which are very
important in the reproduction of
flowering and non-flowering plants.
 A flower, sometimes known as
bloom or blossom, is the
reproductive structure found in
flowering plants. The main function
of a flower is to facilitate
reproduction, usually by providing
a mechanism for the union of
sperm with eggs. Flowers may
facilitate self–pollination and cross-
pollination.
Pollination happens when pollen
grains from the male anther of a
flower is transferred to the female
stigma.
Two kinds of pollination:
1. self-pollination
2. cross-pollination.
Self-pollination occurs when the
pollen from the anther is deposited on
the stigma of the same flower or
another flower of the same plant. Self-
pollination parental characters are
reserved, fewer pollen grains are
needed, flowers are not large/scented,
and flowers do not develop devices for
attracting insect pollinator.
Cross-pollination is the transfer of
pollen from one flower to the stigma of
another flower on a different individual
of the same species. It increases the
adaptability of offspring, makes the
organisms better, new, and useful
characters can be produced, seeds
produced are usually larger, and plants
produced are more resistant from
diseases.
Once a pollen grain enters the stigma, it
swells and grows a long tube that travels
through the style until it reaches the ovary.
The tube releases the sperm cells into the
ovule to fertilize the egg cell. The fertilized
egg cell and the ovule itself develops into a
seed. The ovary then enlarges and thickens
its walls to become a fruit. This will be the
receptacle for the seeds. These seeds can
eventually grow into new plants.
Can we do hand pollination?

Look at the picture.

 What are the
different types of
pollination?
 SCIENCE 5
D
Modes of Reproduction
A
in Plants (Asexual Y
Reproduction in Plants) 2

QUARTER 2 WEEK 5
Review:
What are the two types of
pollination.
1.
2.
Have you ever encountered this kind
of plants?

What is this
kind of
plant?
 Some plants do not
produce by flowers but
they can be
reproduced in other
process.
 In general, plants are classified into two
major groups, flowering and non-flowering
plants.
Flowering plants are those that have an
obvious flower as accessory organ. In botany
(a branch of science that deals with the study
of plants), they are called as ‘angiosperms.
Plants that belong to angiosperm family
reproduce sexually by means of their flowers.
The presence of flowers may give clue that the
plant produces seeds that mature within the
There are two groups of angiosperms,
dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants.

Dicotyledonous plants are plants with netted

veins and with two cotyledons in its embryo.
Some examples of dicotyledonous plants are
beans, peas, daisies.

Monocotyledonous are plants with one

cotyledon. Some examples of monocotyledonous
plants are bamboos, bananas, and lilies.
Give examples of the following groups of
plants.
Flowers are important for plants to bear fruits and
produce seeds. However, there are also plants that do
not use flowers for reproduction. These plants are
called non-flowering plants.

Gymnosperm
They are plants that use cones to house their
seeds. They are woody plants and most of them
are trees.
Group of plants which produce seeds that are not
contained within an ovary or fruit. The seeds are
open to the air and are directly fertilized by
pollination.
Conifers (Pine Trees)
Bryophytes
They are the simplest plants and are not
well adapted to terrestrial life. Example is
mosses
Seedless Vascular Plants
They have specialized stem that moves water and
nutrients from the roots. Some use spores to grow
new plants. Example: Ferns and mosses.
Given the chart, put a check mark if each
characteristic is true to each group of plants.
Performance task:
Herbarium Making
A herbarium is an album or scrapbook of
compressed flowering and non-flowering plants.
It may contain all parts or some parts of plants.
To make a herbarium, follow the following steps:
1. Collect plants or plant parts. Compress using
an old book or any material where you can
flatten the parts.
2. Paste or glue them on a piece of bond paper.
3. Indicate the name of the plants and its
classification (flowering or Non-Flowering plants).
What are the two
types of plants?
Identify whether the plant is flowering and non-
flowering by filling up the table below. Describe how
they reproduce.
 SCIENCE 5
Modes of Reproduction D
A
in Plants (Asexual
Y
Reproduction in Plants) 3

QUARTER 2 WEEK 5
Review:
Cite some examples of flowering
plants and no-flowering plants.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Look at the picture:

Can we plant
the malunggay
by seed?
Can we use the stem of malunggay for
planting?
Plants do not only grow from
seeds. There is another way
of growing plants, it is
through asexual
reproduction.
Asexual reproduction produces
individuals that are genetically
identical to the parent plant.

It has two methods: one is

natural vegetative reproduction
and the other is artificial
vegetative reproduction.
 Non-flowering plants
have special structures
that help them
reproduce asexually.
Asexual Methods of Growing Plants

Natural Vegetative Reproduction is any

form of asexual reproduction occurring in
plants in which a new plant grows and
develop naturally without human action. It
occurs when an axillary bud grows into a
lateral shoot and develops its own roots. New
plants may sprout from stems, roots or
leaves of a parent plant. Modified stems are
most often the source of vegetative plant
propagation
a. Runners
Some plants like the
strawberry and ferns have
stems that grow along the
ground from the parent
plant. These stems are
called runners. It can be
cut and the new plant can
be transferred to another
place for it to continue
growing.
b. Bulbs
It is a large rounded bud
with a small basal stem at
the lower end. It has
fleshy, scalelike
overlapping leaves as
onions. Its function is to
store food and propagate.
Simply taking a bulb to
form the parent plant and
transferring to a new
location will enable you to
grow new plants.
c. Tubers
A tuber is a thick and
enlarged portion of a stem
that grows underground. It
bears small scale-like
leaves and tiny buds called
eyes. When the “eyes” are
separated from the parent
plant, they may sprout new
shoots and form new leaves
and roots. An example of
this is a sweet potato
d. Rhizome
A rhizome or rootstocks is a
plant stem found either at the
soil surface or underground.
It contains enlarged portions
called nodes from which roots
and shoots originate. When
separated, each piece of a
rhizome is capable of producing
a new plant as it grows up out
of the ground. Examples of
rhizomes are ginger and
crabgrass.
e. Suckers
An upright shoot that
grows from buds found
at the base of the
stems of present
plants. Banana,
bamboo, pineapple,
and bird of paradise
are some examples of
plants that reproduce
f. Plantlets
Leaves of some plants
will grow into a new
plant if they detached
from the parent plant.
It grows a small plant
on the edge of their
leaves. Some
examples are
Katakataka and
 What are the
different types of
Natural Vegetative
reproduction?
An asexual method of reproduction
occurring in plants in which a new
plant grows and develop naturally
without human action. It occurs when
an axillary bud grows into a lateral
shoot and develops its own roots. New
plants may sprout from stems, roots or
leaves of a parent plant. What method
is this?
Choose the correct answer based on the given
description on the natural vegetative
reproduction or asexual reproduction of plants.
1. Which type of natural vegetative reproduction
involves an enlarged portion of a stem growing
underground?
a) Runners
b) Bulbs
c) Tubers
d) Rhizomes
2. What plant structure stores food and propagates to
form new plants, often seen in onions?
a) Runners
b) Bulbs
c) Tubers
d) Rhizomes
3. Identify the type of vegetative reproduction where
an upright shoot grows from buds at the base of
present plant stems, as seen in banana and pineapple
plants.
a) Suckers
b) Plantlets
c) Rhizomes
4. Which form of vegetative reproduction involves leaves that
grow a small plant on their edges, capable of forming a new
plant when detached from the parent plant?
a) Suckers
b) Plantlets
c) Runners
d) Bulbs
5. What term describes the thick and enlarged portion of a
stem that contains tiny buds called eyes, capable of sprouting
new shoots and forming new leaves and roots when separated
from the parent plant?
a) Rhizomes
b) Tubers
c) Bulbs
d) Runners
 SCIENCE 5
D
Modes of Reproduction A
in Plants (Asexual Y
Reproduction in Plants) 3

QUARTER 2 WEEK 5
Review:
What are the different types of
natural vegetative
reproduction?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
 Have you ever tried
planting thru the use
of stem or other parts
of plants?
Observe the picture
below.
What can you say
about the picture?

The other way of

plants reproduction is
Artificial Vegetative
Reproduction.
Asexual Methods of Growing Plants

Artificial Vegetative Reproduction is also called

cloning. This type of
vegetative reproduction produces the next generation
that is generally identical to the parent.

The various way in artificial reproduction are cuttings,

grafting, marcotting, layering, and budding.
a. Cuttings
This is taken from any part of a
plant, such as a stem, leaf, or root
which has been removed from a
plant in order to induce the growth
of roots to produce new plants.
There are three kinds of cutting
namely: leaf-cutting, stem cutting,
and root cutting. It is the most
commonly used method in
producing new plants. Examples of
these plants are sugar cane,
cassava, santan, gumamela,
b. Grafting
It is the most widely used
artificial
method of reproducing new
plants. Santol, mango,
lanzones, and calamansi are
propagated through this
method. It is done by cutting a
stem from one plant and
attaching it to the stump of
another plant. The portion of
the stem cut from a tree has
many buds or known as the
scion. The stump to which the
scion is inserted is called the
c. Marcotting
This method can be
used to propagate any
species of woody
plants. This method
can also be used to
make new plants just
in case the plant is
already old. A classic
example of this is
d. Layering
It is a method of propagation that encourages new roots
to form on branches that are still attached to the parent
plant. The stem is covered with soil until it grows roots.
When the plant is established, it is cut from the parent
plant and planted in a new location.
e. Budding
This method is done by making a
T-shaped cut as an opening in the
stem of the parent plant. Then a
scion, which is normally the
mature bud cut from another
plant, is inserted underneath the
bark of the parent plant which
serves as the stock. The scion
must be bound securely to the
stock. When the bud grows, it is
cut from the mother plant and
planted to a new location. Mango
and santol can be propagated
through this method.
The two methods of asexual reproduction
in plants are natural vegetative
reproduction by structure modification
such as runners, bulbs, tubers, rhizomes,
suckers and plantlets. The other one is
artificial vegetative reproduction. This type
of vegetative reproduction produces the
next generation that is generally identical
to the parent. The various ways are
cutting, grafting, marcotting, layering, and
What is the fastest process of
reproduction in plants? Sexual
Reproduction or Asexual
Reproduction?

Can we apply asexual reproduction in

plants? By How?
What are the different
ways of applying
artificial vegetative
reproduction on
plants?
Choose the correct answer based on the given
description on the Artificial vegetative reproduction
or asexual reproduction of plants.
1. Which method of artificial vegetative
reproduction involves cutting a stem from one
plant and attaching it to the stump of another
plant, with the stem cut from a tree containing
multiple buds known as the scion?
a) Marcotting
b) Layering
c) Budding
d) Grafting
2. What type of vegetative reproduction
encourages new roots to form on branches
that are still attached to the parent plant
before being separated and planted in a new
location?
a) Cuttings
b) Layering
c) Marcotting
d) Grafting
3. Identify the method of vegetative reproduction
where a T-shaped cut is made in the stem of the
parent plant, and a mature bud from another
plant is inserted beneath the bark of the parent
plant. This method results in the growth of the
inserted bud into a new plant.

a) Cuttings
b) Grafting
c) Budding
d) Layering
4. Which method involves taking a part
of a plant, such as a stem, leaf, or root,
and inducing the growth of roots to
produce new plants?
a) Grafting
b) Marcotting
c) Cuttings
d) Layering
5. What technique of vegetative
reproduction can be used to propagate
woody plants and is performed by inducing
roots to form on branches that are still
attached to the parent plant before
separating them for transplantation?
a) Layering
b) Budding
c) Cuttings
d) Grafting
 SCIENCE 5
D
A
Catch-Up Friday Y
5

QUARTER 2 WEEK 5