IMRaD FORMAT

Prepared by: Rommen I. Cipcon LPT,

RMechE
B. Sample Title page

FREQUENCY OF TARDINESS AND QUALITY OF OUTPUT

AMONG SELECTED SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN
VARIOUS TRACK

A Practical Research Proposal

Presented to the Senior high School Department
Daraga National High School

In Partial Fulfilment of
the Requirements for the Senior High School
12 TVL Track

NAME 1
NAME 2
ETC.
January, 2024

.
 A. Materials and Specifications
1. Left margin : 1.5 inches
2. Right margin, top margin, bottom margin : 1 inch
3. Spacing- double spacing except for figures and tables which should be single spaced
4. Pagination: upper right side corner one inch from the right edge of the paper on the first line
of every page( no pages on every chapter page)
5. Paragraph indention – five letter spaces
6. Font size: 12
7. Font type: Times New Roman
8. Titles and sub headings: Bold
9. Page Content: No hanging pages, No one sentence paragraph writing , Provide 3 to 5
introductory lines in all sub heading.
10. Type of documentation: Turabian’s using end notes
11. Pronoun use: 3rd person
12. paper size : A4 bond paper
13. Verb Tense: Past tense (Pre-orals)
 B. Table of Contents
1. The heading Table of Contents should be type centered and in upper case
2. Spacing should be 1.5 inch throughout
3. Preliminaries should be listed first
4. The heading Chapter should be flush left in the same line with page flushed right.
Only the first letters of the words is capitalized
5. Below the heading Chapter are titles of the chapters, typed in upper case
6. Opposite of each chapter title followed by a series of dots is the corresponding page
number
7. Chapter and section titles should not extend beyond the right margin of the
leaders(dots). If a chapter/section titles occupies more than one line length, the
second line onwards must align-left with first.
8. Approval sheet is placed immediately after the tile page. Generally, it contains
statements of recommendation and acceptance
 B. Body of the research paper
1. Each chapter should have a heading that is centered justified. The chapter number
must be in Arabic numeral
2. The chapter number is followed by the title in all capital letters and encoded at the
center.
3. All element titles or headers that follow should be flush left.

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CONTENTS OF RESEARCH PROPOSAL FOR
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY(concept paper)

I. CONCEPTUALIZATION

II. INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY

(Proposal / Concept Paper)

III. IMPLEMENTATION

IV. RESULT & DISCUSSION

(Final Paper)
INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY
(Proposal / Concept Paper)
INTRODUCTION(INTRO-IMRAD)

• Background of the study

a.1 research design and methodology
• Review of Related Literature
• Conceptual/Theoretical Frameworks
• Statement of the Problem
• Definition of Terms
• Hypothesis
• Significance of the Study
• Scope and Limitation
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY (INTRO-IMRAD)

Discuss and highlight the following:

• the problem (use the inverted pyramid)

• the variables (resources to be used)
• the output (possible use to help address the
problem mentioned)
the problem….

• vivid description of the problem with the support of the

literatures
• with the given problem – reason of your motivation
• using/utilizing/optimizing the resources around us
• addressing this problem using the available resources
Background of the study must be….

• Remember the 3 I’s

- Insightful
- Interesting and relevant
- Impactful
 ABSRACT(INTRO-IMRAD)

Discuss and highlight the following:

• Statement of the Problem

• Procedures or methods
• Major findings and conclusion(all brief statement)
• Recommendation
• or One paragraph could be devoted to the summary of
each five chapters
• No heading , tabular material, formulas and references
• author citing is allowed
Sample –
ABSRACT
See, Eddie S. Determination of the
Normal Teaching Load of a Faculty Member in
a State University/College. Senior High School Research.
Daraga National High School. January 31, 2024.

This study is an attempt to generate a data back-up mathematical model that could be
used to compute for the determination of the normal teaching load of a faculty member in a
state university/college.

Using time and motion method and reviewing available documents pertaining to
government work time and teaching time, the researcher was able to develop mathematical
equations that quantitatively support the claim that an 18-hour actual teaching time is fair
and reasonable. Likewise the equations also provide a basis for determining the reducible or
deductible time in actual teaching time of a faculty member in favor of the non teaching
assignments.

The researcher recommends further test of validity of the findings but suggests that the
equations be made the basis in determining teacher normal load in the mean time that no
other scientific or mathematical method is available.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE(INTRO-IMRAD)

Discuss and highlight the following:

• the variables (what are the facts and finding written about it;
uses, benefits, risks, and disadvantages)
• the output (if there are related finding/study)
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE (INTRO-
IMRAD)

MAKE SURE THAT YOU WILL BE ABLE TO UTILIZE

THE GATHERED LITERATURE FOR YOUR
PRESENT WORK, MOST SPECIALLY FOR THE
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK (INTRO-IMRAD)

Discuss and highlight the following:

• the raw materials

• the process
• the output
• the potential use/benefits
 RESEARCH PARADIGM (INTRO-IMRaD)

Material Output Benefit/use

s

Process
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Discuss and highlight the following:

• Research Questions that you will address in

your study, specifically the materials, the
process, the output and the purpose of the
output.
RESEARCH PARADIGM

1 3 4
Material Output Benefit/use
s

2
Process
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Thus, SOP can be:

1. What are the materials/resources to be

utilized?
2.
What are the processes/steps to be taken?
3.
What will be the composition of the final
product?
4.

Is the final product useful or beneficial in

(state
DEFINITION OF TERMS (INTRO-IMRAD)

Discuss the keywords/ variables in your research

paradigm or in the SoP such as:

• description of the materials or resources

• brief definition of the process
• description of the output
• definition of the benefit/use of the output.
types of definition of terms
o conceptual definition
o operational definition
HYPOTHESIS (INTRO-IMRAD)

Discuss and highlight the ff:

• one short statement of your hypothesis

--this is the last statement of the
problem.
e.g. at the SOP

Is the surgical mask made of bamboo fibers is

effective in filtering nanoparticles like viruses
and bacteria?
 HYPOTHESIS (INTRO-IMRAD)

The surgical mask made of bamboo is effective

in filtering nanoparticles like viruses and
bacteria.

The surgical mask made of bamboo is not

effective in filtering nanoparticles like viruses
and bacteria.

.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY (INTRO-IMRAD)

Discuss and highlight the following:

• BENEFICIARIES (most benefited down to least

benefited).
• CONTRIBUTION in Science and to body of knowledge
• HOW THE OUTPUT can improve the quality of life.

.
 SCOPE and LIMITATION (INTRO-IMRAD)

Discuss and highlight the following:

• SPECIFIC COMPONENTS OF LISTED MATERIALS.

• SHORT description of the intended use of your output
• SPECIFIC Definition of the benefit from the output.

.
THANK YOU.
CONVENTIONAL RESEARCH FORMAT

Prepared by: Rommen I. Cipcon

 B. Contents
1. Preliminaries( in the order given below)
a) Abstract
b) Recommendation for Oral Examination
c) Acceptance of the Recommendation for Oral
Examination
d) Result of the Oral Examination
e) Approval Sheet
f) Title Page
g) Table of Contents
h) List of Tables & Figures
i) Acknowledgement
 2. Body (parenthetical Documentation, No need
for Endnotes and Footnotes

Chapter 1 - The Problem and Its Setting

1) Introduction
2) Statement of the Problems
3) Statement of the Hypotheses
4) Significance of the study
5) Scope and Limitation
6) Definition of Terms

.
Chapter 2 - Review of Related Literature and
Studies

1) Related Literature
2) Related Studies
3) Synthesis of the Art
4) Theoretical Framework
5) Conceptual Framework
6) Definition of Terms

.
Chapter 3 - Methodology

1) Research Methods
2) Data Sources
3) Population and Sample
4) Data Gathering Instrument
a) Test of Reliability
b) Test of Validity
c) Description
5) Quantitative Tools of Analysis/Statistical Tools
6) Data Collection Design
7) Time-Activity Chart
8) Definition of Terms
 Chapter 4 - TITLE OF THE STUDY (ANALYSIS &
INTERPRETATION OF DATA)

1) ANALYSIS BASED ON THE DATA PRESENTED

2) INTERPRETATION

Chapter 5- SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATIONS
1) Summary
2) Significant findings
3) Conclusions
4) Recommendations
ENDERS

a) Appendix
b) Work Cited
c) Curriculum Vitae
Thank you.
FORMULATING THE DESIGN AND
METHODOLOGY.
Research Design – refers to the overall plan for the conduct of a
specific research project.
- It is the same as the thesis outline

Methodological Design - refers to the plan or scheme for the

methodology.
- it enumerates the list of
activities that shall be
undertaken to achieve the objective of the
study.

Data collection design – refers to the plan or statistically-based

preconceived
arrangement of the plots considering replication
 Illustrations:
Following is the methodological design of Research _________ found in the library of Bicol
University:
research title methodological design

Order of activity Activity/Subject Matter

1 Choice of research method
2 Identification of
data sources
3 Identification of
the population
4 Determination of
the sample size
5 Choice of data
Order of activity Activity/Subject Matter

8 Modification of the instrument

9 Choice of
quantitative tools for analysis
10 Choice of data
collection design
11 Preparation of Gantt-
chart and PERT CPM
12 Preparation of
definition of terms
d. systematic sampling
d.1 Criterion sampling
d.2 Homogeneous sampling
d.3 Maximum variation sampling
d.4 Intensity sampling
d.5 Deviant Case sampling

4. Purposive sampling
Thank you.