NEW SECTION

CREATE A TITLE PAGE FOR NEXT CREATE A SUBTITLE

WW2 PAGE FOR RISE
OF
THEN CREATE A K-W-L THE DICTATORS
CHART
K - WHAT YOU KNOW
ALREADY
W- WHAT YOU WANT TO
KNOW
L - WHAT YOU LEARNED
*
1. What is happening
in this picture?
2. Can you relate this
to what we’ve
learned so far about
dictatorships?
3. What do you think
this cartoon means?
4. Political cartoons
place humor on
irony. What’s ironic
about this cartoon?
 The Rise of Dictators

Essential Questions: Who

were the dictators, how did they
rise to power, and what did they
do once in power?
OPENING - RISE OF THE DICTATORS
1. SELECT ONE WORD -WRITE IN MIDDLE
SQUARE
2.WRITE THE MEANING IN YOUR OWN WORDS
3.WHAT ARE SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THIS
WORD? WHAT DOES THIS WORD MAKE YOU
THINK OF?
4.USE THE WORD IN A SENTENCE.
5.ILLUSTRATION/DRAWING/SAYING
 RISE OF DICTATORS VOCABULARY
1.DEMOCRACY -a government where people have the
power to make decisions.
2.TOTALITARIANISM - (TO-TA-LI-TAR-I-AN-ISM) -
the government has total control over its citizens
3.AUTHORITARIAN - someone who has total
control of people and their freedoms
4.DICTATORSHIP-one person who has complete
control without limits.
5.FASCIST/FASCISM - (FA-SHIST OR FA-SHI-ZUM) -
most of the country's power is held by one ruler or a small
group,
6.COMMAND ECONOMY - an economy that is
controlled by the government
7. MILITARY COUP - a violent military takeover of a
government
8. CONSERVATIVE - holding onto traditional values
 EUROPE PRE-WW2
PROBLEM: The European economy before World War II was in
turmoil due to the Great Depression and other factors, including:

1. The Great Depression - The stock market crash of 1929 led to economic
depression around the world.
2. Lack of time for advancement - The constant turmoil of the pre-war
years left little time for Europeans to advance their technologies and
businesses.
3. Imbalance between supply and demand- Supplies were scarce and
inflation was high.
4. Labor shortage - The war left a shortage of able-bodied young men, who
were the backbone of the industrial workforce
5. Loss of resources - Both sides of the war lost money and resources,
investing heavily in weapons, armies, and new technologies

SOLUTION: PEOPLE WERE LOOKING FOR HELP. THEY WANTED A WAY

TO GET THEIR LIVES BACK IN ORDER. THEY NEEDED HOPE THAT
THINGS WOULD GET BETTER. MONARCHIES HAD ENDED AND PEOPLE
What does this map show? How does
it relate to the rise of dictatorships?
Directions: Read and analyze each slide.
RISE OF DICTATORS COMPREHENSION CHECK:
1.What do the quotes tell you about each
dictator?

2.How do the pictures help you understand

how they treated people in their
countries?

3.What are some similarities and differences

among these dictators?
 SPAIN
General Francisco
Franco
With his country torn
between left (gov control)
and right (private
businesses), Francisco
Franco devoted his life to
a deeply conservative
vision of Spain. Trained in
colonial warfare, he was
prepared to fight for that
vision with deadly force.
He joined a military coup,
fought ruthlessly in the
“We do not
believe in
government
through the
voting booth.
Spain has no
 El Caudillo = One Leader
His reign was marked by both
brutal repression, with tens of
thousands killed, and economic
prosperity, which greatly improved
the quality of life in Spain.

People loved and hated him.

He was dictator of Spain until his

death from heart failure on 1975.
 Spain
Gen. Francisco
______Franco____
___
(AKA: El
Caudillo)

Falange (Fascist)

Takes power in
coup & civil war
with German &
Italian help
Francisco Franco Propaganda
 ITALY
Mussolini
The king allowed him to be prime minister.
Mussolini used this position to give himself and the fascists
control. Killed thousands of political enemies.
Fascism, devotion to Italy, wanted to make Italy into a great
empire.
Italy builds up army,
becomes an authoritarian country
Authoritarian = the rejection of
democracy, human rights, and political plurality.

Also persecuted Jews, but did not kill them.

Hitler followed his example.
 “Let us have a
dagger between
our teeth, a
bomb in our
hands,
and an infinite
scorn
 Il Duce = The Leader
Mussolini was hailed as a genius
and superman by public figures
worldwide.
His charismatic style of leadership
convinced many that Italy was on a path to greatness.
He transformed Italy and brought them out of
economic hardship.
However, he made some bad decisions during WW2 due
to arrogance and “jealousy of Germany’s success.”
In the end, a group of Italian communists (his enemies)
executed him at the end of WW2 in 1945 ending his 20
year reign.
 Italy
Benito
Mussolini
(AKA: Il Duce)
Fascist Party
Promises to
revive
economy &
restore the
glory of the
Roman Empire
Invades
Mussolini
 GERMANY - Hitler
Adolf Hitler was a powerful speaker who promised
to provide jobs and restore German power in the world.
Hitler led the National Socialist (Nazi) Party.
The Nazis said that Germans were a master race and
better than other people. They blamed Jews for
Germany’s problems.
Under Hitler, the government set up a secret police
force. Other political parties and labor unions were
banned. The Nazis set up prisons called concentration
camps. They sent people who disagreed with Nazi
ideas there.
 GERMANY - Hitler
Leads Nazi Party. Nazi Party wins many seats in
elections and Hitler is made Chancellor. Uses
this position to take control.
Writes the book “Mein Kampf” means 'My
Struggle'
Nazism (Fascism + Racism), wants to expand
German territory to the east, make Germany a
great power
Builds up German Army, economy booms,
invades other countries
“Make the lie
big, make it
simple, keep
saying it, and
eventually they
will believe it.”
-Adolf Hitler
 Germany
Adolf Hitler
(AKA: Der Fuhrer)

Nazi Party

Blames Communists for

attacks on government

Racist - Uses Jews as

scapegoats, published his
book Mein Kampf

Takes back the Rhineland,

Sudetenland, and
Czechoslovakia
Hitler Propaganda Made him Look
Like a Hero!
Anti-Jewish Propaganda
 Soviet Union under Stalin
Stalin was General Secretary of the
Communist Party
After Lenin died, Stalin worked behind
the scenes to take power
Concentrate all power to himself,
industrialized the Soviet Union
through a command economy,
Collectivization of farms
Soviet Union industrializes and becomes a totalitarian
state. Stalin controlled the USSR from 1924 until his
death in 1953.
 “Ideas are more
powerful than
guns.
We would not let
our enemies have
guns. Why should
we let them
have ideas?”
 The Man of Steel
What did Stalin do?
To eliminate "enemies of the working class", Stalin
instituted the Great Purge, in which over a million
were imprisoned, largely in the Gulag system of
forced labour camps, and at least 700,000 executed
between 1934 and 1939.

In 1932 and 1933, about 5 million Ukrainians were

killed in the Holodomor, a man-made famine
engineered by the Soviet government of Joseph Stalin.

Stalin deliberately killed about 6 million, which rose to

9 million deaths arising from policies that were taken
into account.

In 2003, British historian Simon Sebag Montefiore

suggested that Stalin was ultimately responsible for
Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin
(AKA: Man of Steel)

Communist (Oligarchy)

Eliminates all competition

after Lenin’s death

Uses 5 year plans to

industrialize

Signs non-aggression
pact with Germany &
invades Latvia, Lithuania,
& Estonia
Life in the Soviet Union
under Stalin: Purges, Famine
(starvation), Censorship etc…
Joseph Stalin
 JAPAN - Gen. Hideki Tojo under
Emperor Hirohito
Hideki Tojo: Career in the
military. Promoted to War
Minister and used these positions
to control Japan.
Controlled the military and made
decisions for Emperor
Hirohito.
Expanded Japan’s empire into Asia
to get resources and build up
Japan’s army and economy
Japan’s army becomes powerful
and empire spreads
As many as 25 million people
died as a result of militarist
 JAPAN - Gen. Hideki Tojo under
Emperor Hirohito
Japan had an industrial economy and was hard
hit by the Great Depression. Many workers lost
their jobs and faced starvation. The workers and
farmers turned to the military. Military leaders
blamed Japan's problems on the spread of
Western ideas. They wanted to return to old warrior
traditions. Military leaders wanted new territory and raw materials to
make the Japanese economy stronger. In 1931 army leaders conquered
Manchuria in China’s northeastern region. When the Japanese prime
minister tried to stop the war, the military killed him. After that, the
government began to do what the military wanted. Japan made plans to
build an empire in Asia.
“Emperor
Hirohito will
believe what
we tell him to
believe.”
 Japan
Gen. Hideki Tojo AKA (Razor
Tôjô) &
Emperor Hirohito AKA (tennō ( 天
皇 , "heavenly sovereign")

Militarists
Prime Minister Tojo & militarists
control the country

Invade Manchuria, China for iron &

coal
Tojo & Emp. Hirohito Propaganda
 Exit
1.What does it mean
Ticket
that some
democracies were
“dismantled” by
dictatorships?

2.Which countries
were not affected
by dictatorships?

3.How do you think

people in those
countries might
have felt about
 Similarities in Dictators
What are some things these dictators had
in common?
 Similarities in Dictators
⚫Used scapegoats to rise to power
⚫Killed “enemies” who were in their way
⚫Used the Great Depression and other
crises to rise to power
⚫People were desperate and supported them
⚫Came to power legally and through elections
⚫Made empty promises, used propaganda, and
paranoia
⚫Promoted fascism or communism to get
support
⚫Censorship and few rights for people
Directions: Read and analyze each slide.
Write your answers on the NEXT PAGE in your
notebook.
RISE OF DICTATORS COMPREHENSION CHECK:
1.What do the quotes tell you about each
dictator? (Select at least one quote)
2.How do the pictures help you understand
how they treated people in their countries?
(Select at least one picture)
3.What are some similarities and differences
among these dictators? (Tell at least three
similarities and differences).
*
1. What is
happening in this
picture?
2. What do the cards
represent?
3. What do you think
it means?