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Session 5

The document discusses the architectural history of the Ottoman Empire, highlighting the centralized bureaucracy that led to a homogenous architectural style across the Islamic world. It details the evolution of Ottoman mosques and the significance of Topkapi Palace, showcasing its blend of Islamic, Byzantine, and European influences. The palace features various sections, including the Imperial Harem, Treasury, and Audience Hall, reflecting the opulence and complexity of Ottoman architecture and culture.

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Tasfia
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3 views

Session 5

The document discusses the architectural history of the Ottoman Empire, highlighting the centralized bureaucracy that led to a homogenous architectural style across the Islamic world. It details the evolution of Ottoman mosques and the significance of Topkapi Palace, showcasing its blend of Islamic, Byzantine, and European influences. The palace features various sections, including the Imperial Harem, Treasury, and Audience Hall, reflecting the opulence and complexity of Ottoman architecture and culture.

Uploaded by

Tasfia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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History of

Architecture II

Sk. Hassan Al-Tanbin | Assistant


Professor
| Architecture Discipline | Khulna
1
University
THE OTTOMAN SALTANATE

The centralized Ottoman bureaucracy oversaw building throughout the


empire, resulting in the fostering of a generally homogenous Ottoman
architectural style throughout the Islamic world.
• The Ottoman dynasty
(680-1342 A H/ 1281-
1924 AD) succeeded
the Seljuqs ; an
ascendant Turkic
tribe,conquering
Byzantine territories in
northwest Anatolia
beginning in the
thirteenth-century.
• Early Ottoman mosques
in Anatolian cities like
lznik, Edirne, and Bursa
(the Ottoman capital
until 1403) drew upon
both Byzantine and
Seljuq architectural
traditions, establishing
the characteristic
square, domed mosque
THE OTTOMAN SALTANATE

• In 1453 AD the forces


of Mehmed II (r. 1444-
1446 and 1451-1481)
succeed1 conquer the
famous Byzantine
capital of
Constantinople
• A succession of
Ottoman Sultans
undertook extensive
building campaigns in
city, which became
the Ottoman capital,
concentrating
patronage on
extensive complexes
(Turkish kulliye)
combined a central
mosque with various
optional, funerary,
and market
institutions.
TOPKAPI PALACE
TOPKAPI PALACE

• The architecture of
Topkapi Palace is a
delightful fusion of
various influences.
• Dominated by classic
Islamic and Ottoman
design elements, the
palace also boasts
influences from
Byzantine and European
styles.
• The palace's
magnificent courtyards
and awe-inspiring
domes, was intricate
with tile work, elegant
arches, and beautifully
ornate gateways,
making each section a
feast for the eyes and a
testament to the era's
architectural brilliance.
TOPKAPI PALACE
• Imperial Harem: A captivate part of the
palace where the sultans families and their
permanent servant's were resided.
• Treasury: The opulence of the ottoman
empire is on full display in the palace's
treasury . Visitors can feast their eyes on
an astounding coaction of precious jewels,
ceremonial items, and treasured artifacts.
Including the worfd famous Topkapi
Dagger and the Diamond.
• Audience hall: also known as the divan
this regal chamber was where the sultan
conducted crucial meetings and held court
with high-ranking officials. It witnessed the
making Kitchens:
• Palace of vital decisions thatof
The heart shaped the
the palace,
SALTANATE’S
where an army destiny.
of chefs prepared lavish
feasts fit for sultans and their esteemed
guests. A visit to the Palace Kitchens
provides a glimpse Into the grandeur of
Ottoman dining and culinary culture.
• Sultan's Quarters: The lavishly adorned
living quarters of the Sultan offer a sense of
the luxurious lifestyle enjoyed by the ruling
TOPKAPI PALACE
• The main entrance of the palace was
just behind the Hagia Sophia, now
converted to a mosque.
• The Imperial Gate, the first of three
main ceremonial double gates, led to
the first court, which was comprised of
workshops, storage areas, dormitories,
kitchens, a bakery, and baths.
• This court served as a waiting area
for dignitaries as well as a staging
area for processions and special
ceremonies.
• Visiting ambassadors had to walk past
the thousands of richly clad soldiers and
courtiers standing in mandatory silence
—an intimidating backdrop for
diplomatic negotiations.
• The courtyard was also used for
executions, which the sultan could
observe from a window in the Tower of
Justice.
• At the second gate, the Gate of
Salutation, the visitor would have had
to dismount to gain access to the next
TOPKAPI PALACE

• The third gate, the Gate of


Felicity, was especially sacred.
• On particularly important
occasions, the sultan would
greet visitors under its airy
canopy. Behind the gate was
the throne room or “Hünkar
Sofasi,” a square, one-story
structure that served as an
audience hall; the building is
technically within the private
precinct, yet it is conceptually
part of the second courtyard.
• The third court was raised on
high retaining walls, as the
land slopes down below it
toward the north. The throne
room was located at the far
left corner.
• The buildings in this court
were designed to take in the
vistas of the surrounding
landscape.
• The sultan, from his
TOPKAPI PALACE
• The residential
quarter was
located to the
east of the
second and third
courts in a
compact mass
huddled close to
the walls of the
court.
• There were
special areas
that housed
pages and slaves
—males,
females, and
eunuchs—who
were all part of
the sultan’s
retinue.
•• It
Thealso housed
palace is not organized along an axis, nor are the buildings grand in the
the harem, In the Rather, they are organized by diagonal vistas and angled
traditional sense.
northernmost
approaches, the open areas of the courtyards meant to contrast with the ad hoc
corner
intimacywere theresidential quarters.
of the
?
Thank you all

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