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DM (UNIT-2)

The document outlines the disaster management cycle, which consists of four phases: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Each phase includes specific strategies and actions aimed at minimizing disaster impacts, ensuring readiness, providing immediate assistance during disasters, and restoring communities post-disaster. Key activities in each phase range from structural measures and public education in mitigation to emergency training and restoring services in recovery.

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12 views9 pages

DM (UNIT-2)

The document outlines the disaster management cycle, which consists of four phases: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Each phase includes specific strategies and actions aimed at minimizing disaster impacts, ensuring readiness, providing immediate assistance during disasters, and restoring communities post-disaster. Key activities in each phase range from structural measures and public education in mitigation to emergency training and restoring services in recovery.

Uploaded by

b.nandhu2810
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT II

PRE AND POST DISASTER RISK REDUCTION


STRATEGIES
DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
• Disaster management cycle illustrates the ongoing process by which governments, business
and civil society plan for and reduce the impact of disasters, react during and immediately
following a disaster and take steps to recover after a disaster has occurred.
VARIOUS STAGES OR PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

• There are four stages or phases involved in disaster management cycle


1. Mitigation
2. Preparedness
3. Response
4. Recovery

5. Mitigation
• Mitigation refers to measures to put in place to minimize results from a disaster.
Ex) building codes and zoning, vulnerability analyses and public education.
• Structural mitigation : construction projects which reduce economic and social impacts
Ex) dams, windbreaks, terracing and hazard resistant buildings
VARIOUS STAGES OR PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

• Non structural activities – policies and practices which raise the awareness of hazards or
encourage developments to reduce the impact of disasters.
• Mitigation include :
1. Reviewing building codes
2. vulnerability analysis updates
3. zoning and land use management and planning
4. reviewing of building use regulations and safety codes
5. Implementing preventative health measures
6. Political intervention and commitments
7. Public awareness
VARIOUS STAGES OR PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

• Various mitigation strategies or measures – for instance, varieties of crops that are more
wind, flood or drought resistant can often be introduced in areas prone to floods, drought
and cyclones.
• The preliminary design should take into consideration the prevalent hazards and methods
to avoid or to minimize the effects of the extreme natural events.
• Strengthening of vulnerable areas such as roofs, exterior doors, windows and garage doors.
VARIOUS STAGES OR PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

2. Preparedness
• Planning how to respond. Examples- preparedness plans, emergency exercise / training
and warning systems.
• Preparedness is a state of being ready to react promptly and effectively to an emergency.
Preparedness means evolving and developing a course of action before an emergency
arises.
• Preparedness measures include
1. Preparedness plans
2. Emergency exercises/training
3. Early warning systems
4. Emergency communication system
VARIOUS STAGES OR PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

5. Evacuations plans and training


6. Resource inventories emergency
7. Personal / contact list
8. Mutual and agreements
9. Public information / education.
VARIOUS STAGES OR PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

3. Response: activities during a disaster


• Initial actions taken as the event takes place. It involves efforts to minimize the hazards created
by a disaster.
• Examples – Evacuation, search and rescue, emergency relief, emergency operation,
epidemiologic surveillance and disease control, vaccination and nutrition.
• Response activities occur during and immediately following a disaster. They are designed to
provide emergency assistance to victims of the event and reduce the likelihood of secondary
damage. The five basic stages of response to an emergency or disaster are:
1. Notification / warning – informed through radio-television.
2. Immediate public safety – emergency medical services, evacuate
3. Property security
4. Public welfare – water supply, food supply, cloth provided
5. Restoration – involves restoring utility services and the removal of debris from the disaster
scene.
VARIOUS STAGES OR PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

4. Recovery
• Returning the community to normal. Ideally the affected area should be put in a condition
equal to or better than it was before the disaster took place.
• Examples – Temporary housing, grants, medical care.
• Recovery is the final phase of the emergency management cycle. Recovery continues until
all systems return to normal or near normal.
• Examples – severely damaged buildings are scheduled to be replaced or removed. Water
and sewer repairs are made, electricity and telephone services are returned to normal.

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