Introduction

to computer

CHAPTER 1

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LEARNING OUTCOME

Define computer Define the computer

literacy and explain terms and describe Differentiate the
why it is vital to the relationship categories of the
success in today’s between data and computer
world. information.

Discuss the advantages Discuss how society

and disadvantages that uses computers
users experience when technology in many 2
working with computers. different fields.
Computer
Literacy

Computer literacy or
digital literacy involves
having a current
knowledge and
understanding of
computers, mobile
devices, the web, and
related technologies. 3
(Campbell et al., 2020)

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Pexels
 Computer Definition

• A computer is an • A computer is an electronic

electronic device for device, operating under the
storing and control of instructions stored
processing data, in its own memory, that can
typically in binary accept data, process the
form, according to data to produce information,
instructions given to
and store the information for
it in a variable
program. future use.
4

(Campbell et al., 2020)

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Information
Processing
Cycle

• A computer processes data

into information.
• In this simplified example,
the item ordered, item
price, quantity ordered, and
amount received all
represent data (input)
• The computer processes
the data to produce the
cash register, receipt
(information, or output) 5
 INFORMATION

DATA Data presented in readily comprehensible form to which

meaning has been attributed within the context of its use.
In a more dynamic sense, the message conveyed by the
Facts, figures, or instructions use of a medium of communication or expression.
presented in a form that can be Whether a specific message is informative or not
comprehended, interpreted, and depends in part on the subjective perception of the
communicated by a human person receiving it.
being or processed by a (https://odlis.abc-clio.com/odlis_i.html, 2014)
computer.
(https://odlis.abc-clio.com/
odlis_d.html, 2014)

6
Categories of
Computers

1. Mobile Computers
2. Desktops
3. Servers
4. Supercomputers
5. Terminals
6. Mobile devices
7. Game devices
8. Embedded computers
7
 Categories of Computer
1. Mobile Computer
• It is a portable personal computer, designed so that a user
easily can carry it from place to place.
Laptop Tablet Handheld

● A lightweight mobile ● A thin, lighter-weight mobile ● Designed to be held in the

computer that has a touch hand that can communicate
computer with a screen in its screen.S wirelessly with other devices 8
lid and a keyboard in its ● Slate and convertible.
base.
(Vermaat et al., 2016)
Categories of Computer
a) Laptop

• A lightweight mobile computer with a screen

in its lid and a keyboard in its base which is
designed to fit on your lap and for easy
transport.
• Ultrathin laptops weigh less than traditional
laptops with a longer battery life with fewer
ports and do not include an optical disc drive.

(Vermaat et al., 2016) 9

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 Categories of Computer
b) Tablet
• A tablet is a thin, lighter-weight mobile computer that has a touch screen.
• Two popular form factors (shapes and sizes) of tablets are the slate and
convertible.
(Vermaat et al., 2016)

10
Categories of Computer
c) Handheld computer

• A computer which is designed to be held in

the hand.
(Lexico, 2020)

• Usually it can communicate wirelessly with

computer/ other devices. Some have
miniature or specialized keyboards.
• Others have
(Vermaat et al., 2016) a touch screen and stylus.
11

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 Categories of Computer
2. Desktop
• A personal computer designed to
be in a stationary location, where
all of its components fit on or
under a desk or table.
• An all-in-one (AIO) desktop does
not have a tower and instead
houses the display, system unit
and possibly an optical drive in
the same case.
(Vermaat et al., 2016) 12

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Pexels
Categories of
Computer

• A server is a computer dedicated to providing

3. Server one or more services to other computers or
devices on a network. Functions of a server
includes:

Centralized Controlling Backing up

Sharing Sharing
storage user files on
hardware software
area access offsite

(Vermaat et al., 2016) 13

Servers

• A server is a computer
dedicated to providing
one or more services to
other computers or
devices on a network
a) Rack server
b) Blade server
c) Tower server

ADD A FOOTER 14
 Type Main service provided
Application server Stores and runs apps
Server Types Backup server Backs up and restores files and media
and Functions File server Stores and manages files
Provides a central location for online
Game server
gaming
Mail server Stores and delivers email messages
Network server Manages network traffic
Manages printers and documents being
Print server
printed
Stores and delivers requested
Web server
webpages

(Vermaat et al., 2016) 15

 Server
Mainframe
• It is a large, expensive, powerful server that can handle hundreds or
thousands of connected users simultaneously.
(Vermaat et al., 2016)

16
 Categories of Computer
4. Super computer
• The fastest, most powerful computer – and the most expensive.
Capable of processing many trillions of instructions in a single
second
(Vermaat et al., 2016)

17

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 Categories of Computer
5. Terminal
A computer usually with limited processing power, that enables users to
send data to and/or receive information from a server, or host computer.
(Vermaat et al., 2016)

A combination of a keyboard and output device (such as a video display

unit) by which data can be entered into or output from a computer or
electronic communications system.
(Merriam-Webster, 2020)

18
 Categories of Computer
a) Point of Sale Terminal
• A point of sale terminal (POS
terminal) is an electronic device
used to process card payments
at retail locations.

Reads the information off Checks whether the funds

a customer’s credit or in a customer’s bank
debit card account are sufficient

Transfers the funds from

Records the transaction
the customer’s account to
and prints a receipt
the seller’s account
19

(https://www.techopedia.com,2016)
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Categories of Computer
b) Automated Teller Machine
ATMs are activated by inserting a cash or credit
Automatic Teller Machine card that contains the user's account number
and PIN on a magnetic stripe.
(ATM) machine is a banking
terminal that accepts The ATM calls up the bank's computers to verify
deposits and dispenses the balance, dispenses the cash and then
transmits a completed transaction notice.
cash.
(https://www.pcmag.com, 2020 ) The word "machine" in the term "ATM machine"
is certainly redundant, but widely used.

20

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 Type
Services provided

Financial kiosk Pay bills and add money to prepaid card

c) Self-service Kiosks
Photo kiosk Print photos

A self-service kiosk is a Ticket kiosk

Print tickets at airports, train stations and
cinema.
freestanding terminal
that usually has a touch
screen for user Vending kiosk Dispense item after payment is receives.
interaction.
Visitor kiosk Manage visitors upon check-in.
(Vermaat et al., 2016) 21
Self Service
Kiosk

i. Financial kiosk

• Pay bills and add

money to prepaid
card and perform
other financial
activities.
ADD A FOOTER 22
Self Service
Kiosk

ii. Photo kiosk

• Print photo from digital

images
• Some allow editing the
digital photos.
• Users may print directly
at the kiosk or may send
to photo lab to be printed 23
Self Service
Kiosk

iii. Ticket Kiosk

• Print tickets
• Located in airports,
amusement parks,
movie theaters, rental
companies and train
stations. 24
Self Service
Kiosk

iv. Vending kiosk

• Dispense items after

payment is received.

25
Self Service
Kiosk

v. Visitor kiosk

• Manage visitors upon

check-in
• Located in businesses,
police stations, hospital
and other areas where
access is controlled or
registration is required.
26
 Categories of Computer
6. Mobile devices

Portable and
Digital E-book Wearable
Smartphone digital media
camera reader device
player

(Vermaat et al., 2016) 27

Categories of Computer
a) Smartphone
An Internet-capable phone that usually also
includes a calendar, an address book, a
calculator, a notepad, games, browser, and
numerous other apps

(Vermaat et al., 2016) 28

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 Categories of Computer
b) Digital camera
A digital camera is a mobile device that allows users to take photos and store
the photographed images digitally
(Vermaat et al., 2016)

29
 Categories of Computer
c) Portable media player
A portable media player is a mobile device on which you can store, organize,
and play or view digital media

(Vermaat et al., 2016)

30
Categories of Computer
d) Digital media player
Streams digital media from a computer or
network to a television, projector, or some
other entertainment device

(Vermaat et al., 2016) 31

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 Categories of Computer
e) E-book reader
A mobile device that is used
primarily for reading e-
books and other digital
publications.

32
 Categories of Computer

f) Wearable device
A wearable device or
wearable is a small,
mobile computing device
designed to be worn by
a consumer.
(Vermaat et al., 2016)

Smartwatch Smart Jewellery Fitness Tracker

Smart Clothing Implantable Head-mounted Display

33
(42gears.com., 2020)

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 Categories of Computer
7. Game devices

• Game console a mobile computing

device designed for single-player or
multiplayer video games.
• A handheld game device is a small
mobile device that contains a screen,
speakers, controls, and game console
all in one unit
• Game controllers include gamepads,
joysticks and wheels, dance pads, and
a variety of motion-sensing controllers
34

(Vermaat et al., 2016)

 Categories of Computer
8. Embedded computer
• An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as
a component in a larger product
Process Computer Devices
Consumer Home Automation
Automobiles Controllers and and Office
Electronics Devices
Robotics Machines
• Mobile and digital • Thermostats • Antilock brakes • Remote • Keyboards
telephones • Sprinkling • Engine control monitoring • Printers
• Digital televisions systems modules systems • Faxes
• Cameras • Security • Airbag controller • Power monitors • Copiers
• Video recorders monitoring • Cruise control • Machine
• DVD players and systems controllers
recorders • Appliances • Medical devices
• Answering • Lights
machines
35

(Vermaat et al., 2016)

 Embedded computer

ADD A FOOTER 36
 Advantages of using Computer

2.Completes tasks
1.Provides access to that might be 4.Automates
3.Saves time
more information impossible for repetitive tasks
humans to complete

6.Allows for better

5.Allows for greater
communication and 7.Entertainment
productivity
connections

(Vermaat et al., 2016) 37

 Disadvantages of using Computer

Violation of
Health Risks Public Safety
Privacy

Impact on Labor Impact on

Force Environment
(Vermaat et al., 2016) 38
 Disadvantages of using Computer

Health risks Violation of

• Prolonged and privacy
improper use of • Personal records
computer can lead stored on a
to health injuries or computer were
stolen
disorders 39
Disadvantages of using Computer

Public safety Labor force

• People might share • People are replaces
personal by computers in some
information fields
publicly. • Computer improve
productivity
• Some users have
fallen victim to 40

crimes
Disadvantages of using Computer

Environment
• Computer waste may depleting natural
resources and polluting environment

41
COMPUTER USES IN SOCIETY

ADD A FOOTER 42
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Education
• Classroom and labs have computers
• Mobile computer or devices allow
students to access the school’s network
• Access to digital textbook
• Learning Management System
(Example: U – Future , Google
Classroom and Canvas LMS)
• Interactive whiteboard
• Teaching materials are prepared by
using presentation and multimedia
43
software
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Government
• Have website to provide citizens with
current information
• People may view census data, file taxes
apply for permits and license, pay fines and
many more
• Allow people to communicate with
government people or institutions through
social media
• Offices use computers for keeping,
managing and analyzing records
• Use email to communicate among staffs
44
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Finance
• Use online banking or finance
software to pay bills, track
personal income and expenses
and others
• Investors are using online
investing to buy and sell stocks
and bonds

45
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Retail
• People can purchase product or
service on the web
• Online ticketing
• Save people time and money
• Some retailers provide rewards,
coupons and discounts for returning
customers
• Mobile apps make online shopping
more convenience.
46
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Entertainment
• Use computer and mobile devices to
listen to audio clips or live audio
• Watch video clips and television
shows
• Watch live performances and
events
• Read a book, magazine or
newspaper online
• Play games
47
• Download media from web
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Health Care
• Hospitals and doctors use computer to maintain and
access patient records
• Computers and mobile devices monitor patients’
vital signs
• Doctors use email and text messaging to
correspond with patients
• Assist doctors, nurses and technicians with medical
tests
• Doctors use the web and medical software to assist
research and diagnosing health conditions
48
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Science

• Assist scientist to collect and analyze data

• Scientists use the Internet to communicate

with colleagues around the world

• Assist scientist in innovation of treatment

advancement such as cochlear which
allow a deaf person to distinguish sounds
49
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Travel
• Using navigation system or GPS assist
people in creating map, determine best
route, monitor, vehicle speed and finding
point of interest

• Many mobile device such as smartphones

have built-in navigation system
• People may reserve car, hotel or flight from
websites

50
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Publishing
• Many publishers and authors of
books, magazines, newspaper,
music , films and video and
make their work available online

• Organizations and individuals

publish their thoughts and ideas
using blog, podcast or wiki

51
COMPUTER USES IN
SOCIETY
Manufacturing
• Use Computer-aided manufacturing
(CAM) to assist manufacturing
processes.
• Use of robots in CAM environment
• CAM reduces product development
costs, shorten a product’s time to
market and stay ahead of the
competition
• Example of Industries: oil drilling, food
production and automobile
manufacturing 52
THANK YOU!