ENGLISH COMPOSITION I

ENGLISH COMPOSITION I
WEEK 7
Week 3
RECALLING PREVIOUS CLASS CONTENT:
PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH
TOPIC SENTENCES
PARAGRAPH: ITS PARTS
What can you say about each part of it?

It is A SENTENCE which states the main idea

of a paragraph. A “bridge” sentence may also
be added separately.

They explain the topic sentence by giving

reasons, examples, and explanations through
quotations, factual information i.e. statistics,
etc.

It briefly re-states the main points presented

by referring back to the Topic Sentence
 There are three (3) different ways to write a topic sentence
1. When you have a question.
2. When you have a topic.
3. When you have supporting sentences.

1. Why is the mining sector in crisis now?

The mining sector is in crisis now because the prices of metals have fallen
and there is more control from governments on how they deal with
pollution in the areas they mine.

2. Fashion in the 90´s

In the 90´s, fashion was led by one very popular sitcom, Friends.
Type 3: Write down the missing topic sentence
for these supporting sentences.
Adventure tourism is a different way for tourists to see New Zealand. This
type of tourism uses the plentiful natural resources - mountains, rivers, lakes,
wilderness areas and historical sites to provide adventure, thrills and
challenges which are low risk but high in excitement. For example, the
coastal areas in New Zealand are great for canoeing and kayaking. White-
water rafting is another popular water adventure tour. However, if you would
rather keep your feet on the ground, New Zealand has over 100 developed
walkways in addition to the tracks in the 12 National Parks. Because more
and more tourists are interested in learning about New Zealand by doing
exciting and unusual activities, adventure tourism will continue to grow.
Learning outcomes:
By the end of the session, students will be able to:

• Recognize and produce simple, compound, complex,

and compound-complex sentences.
• Review basic conjunctions and transitions in context.
• Use connectors and conjunctions appropriately in
different types of sentences.
• Review some key concepts on academic writing and
write down TOPIC SENTENCES correctly for given
topics.
PROFESSIONAL LEARNING OUTCOME: Writing clear clauses or sentences is key to write
clear paragraphs. Messages must be clear, cohesive and coherent, so good use of
connectors is paramount to achieve clarity in these messages.

VIRTUAL CAMPUS FURTHER PRACTICE MATERIAL: Power Point Presentation summary +

weblinks for language use + worksheet and key

REFERENCES

https://classroom.synonym.com/do-outline-paragraph-8463694.htm.
Retrieved 29/08/2021.

OSHIMA, A. & Hogue, A. (2010) Introduction to Academic Writing. USA. Pearson.

According to their STRUCTURE, there are FOUR (4) TYPES in the English language
 Types of sentences

1. Simple sentence

• A simple sentence is a sentence that consists of just one independent clause.

A simple sentence has no dependent clauses.
• A simple sentence contains a subject and a verb.
• It expresses a single complete thought that can stand on its own.

Our company exports avocados to Asian countries.

10
 Types of sentences
2. Compound sentence

• A compound sentence is a sentence that has at least two independent clauses joined
by a comma, semicolon or conjunction.
• An independent clause is a part of a sentence that can stand alone because it
contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought.
• Basically, a compound contains two simple sentences.
• These independent clauses are joined by a conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so).

She collected the information about the problem, but she did not write a
report.

11
BASIC CONJUNCTIONS IN ENGLISH
 Types of sentences
3. Complex sentence

• A complex sentence is a sentence that contains one independent and at least one
dependent clause (sometimes called a subordinate clause).
• A complex sentence is an independent clause joined by one or more dependent
clauses. A dependent clause either lacks a subject or a verb or has both a subject and
a verb that does not express a complete thought.
• A complex sentence always has a subordinator (as, because, since, after, although,
when) or relative pronouns (who, that, which).

When we attend business conferences, we can make

interesting business contacts.

13
 Types of sentences
4. Compound - Complex Sentence

• It presents two primary observations, one or both of which are qualified.

• COMPOUND-COMPLEX sentences contain at least one dependent clause and more than one
independent clause. The clauses are connected by both conjunctions (i.e., but, so, and, etc.) and
subordinators (i.e., who, because, although, etc.)

Although they had found the mistake in the document, it was not included in the report; in
fact, they hid this information from the manager.

14
 PRACTICAL TASK 1: Identify the types of
sentences
1. The company had an excellent year, so they gave everyone a bonus.
Compound sentence
2. The report which Tom complied was presented to the board, but it was rejected
because it was too complex.
Compound - complex sentence

3. The lecture finished at 3 pm. Simple sentence

4. The engineer, who built the bridge in Cusco, was rewarded a prize by the Mayor of
the city.
Complex sentence

15
PRACTICAL TASK 2: Identify the type of
sentences.
Source: Shoebottom, P. (n.d.). Sentence type
identification quiz. Retrieved August 29,
2021, from
http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/multi/satzType.h
tm

16
Connectors / Transitions
PRACTICAL TASK 3: Transition words. Match the
function to the examples

Function Letter Examples

Results D a) Moreover , besides

Emphasis F b) On the whole, in most cases
Addition A c) firstly, finally
Reason G d) therefore, due to
Illustration H e) In other words, to put it differently
Contrast I f) undoubtedly, definitely
Comparison K g) Because of, in order to
Order C h) To demonstrate, for example
Summary J i) while, whereas
Concession L j) To conclude, in short
Generalization B k) similarly, equally
Restatement E l) Although, however
LINKING WORDS IN ENGLISH
RESULT EMPHASIS ADDITION REASON ILLUSTRATION CONTRAST
FUNCTION: To FUNCTION: To put FUNCTION: To add FUNCTION: To FUNCTION: To provide FUNCTION: To show
provide the result of forward a point or to what has been provide reasons for examples. how things are
what has been stated idea more forcefully. previously stated. what has been stated different.
or has occurred. or has occurred.
As a result Undoubtedly Furthermore Because of For example Nevertheless
As a consequence, Indeed Also In order to For instance On the other hand
(of) Clearly Besides With this in mind Including While
Therefore Importantly In addition To demonstrate Whereas
Thus Without a doubt Moreover To clarify Alternatively
Consequently Definitely Apart from this
For this reason Above all
Due to
COMPARISON ORDER SUMMARY CONCESSION GENERALISATION RESTATEMENT
FUNCTION: To show FUNCTION: To FUNCTION: To sum FUNCTION: To FUNCTION: To make a FUNCTION: To
how things are similar. indicate the order of up what has been accept a point or idea general statement. express an alternative
what is being said. previously stated. with reservation. to what has been
previously stated.
Similarly First(ly) In conclusion Although For the most part In other words
Equally Second(ly) In short Even though Generally To put it differently
Similar to Third(ly) To sum up However, On the whole
In the same way Finally, In summary Up to a point In most cases
Previously To conclude
Before
Last but not least
 PRACTICAL TASK 4: Complete the following sentences using the connectors in the
box. You will not use all the connectors.

above all – because of this – even so – firstly – from my point of view – furthermore – however – instead
– such as – then – therefore - whereas

FIRSTLY
1. ………..…………. I would like to say that I agree, secondly, I will explain why.
WHEREAS dolphins live in the sea.
2. Camels live in the desert, ……………..………..
INSTEAD
3. In the end, we did not go to the cinema. We went to the theatre ………………………
4. We could not finish the report on time. BECAUSE
……………………………………………….
OF THIS / THEREFORE we had to ask for a new deadline.
FROM MY POINT OF VIEW
5. ……………………………………………………., the continued use of fossil fuels is not the biggest threat to humanity.
HOWEVER
6. I do not like strawberry ice cream. …………………………………., I love chocolate flavor.
7. The government is having problems with illegal immigration. ………………..………..,
FURTHERMORE their economic policies are falling.
8. It started raining. ………………………………..………….,
BECAUSE OF THIS we decided not to go.
THEN
9. Firstly, we have to think about our budget and ……………..…………. about how much time we have.
SUCH AS
10. I love those soft French cheesses, ……………………………… Camembert.
 PRACTICAL TASK 5: Connector Practice

In groups, open a shared Word document and complete the sentences below. Make
sure your sentences are grammatically correct and are coherent. Present them to
your classmates.
1. The plane landed safely despite….
2. Alice seems to be doing well this semester, unlike …..
3. I have never been to the USA. Therefore, …
4. The project was cancelled due to …
5. Our company cannot reduce the amount of faulty products. However, ….. For instance,
………..
6. We wanted to win the first prize, but …. In consequence, ……….
7. ………. the position you applied for has been filled, ………………………….
8. Unless she starts coming on time, she ………… . Without a doubt, ……
9. The teamleader organised the tasks. In other words, ……………………… So, ……………
10.Equally important is …………… Undoubtedly, ………..
Break time – see you in 20
minutes.
Welcome back!!!
EC I ASSIGNMENT 1 – WEEK 3

Follow you teacher´s instructions

GRACIAS
THANK YOU

Contenido elaborado en: