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Unit 5 focuses on the human biocultural and social evolution, emphasizing the biological and cultural development from early humans to modern societies. Key topics include the Neolithic Revolution, the rise of early civilizations, the development of states, and the emergence of democracy in ancient Greece. The unit encourages exploration of material remains and museums to understand the complexities of human evolution and sociopolitical structures.

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7 views

ucsp-week-4-part-2

Unit 5 focuses on the human biocultural and social evolution, emphasizing the biological and cultural development from early humans to modern societies. Key topics include the Neolithic Revolution, the rise of early civilizations, the development of states, and the emergence of democracy in ancient Greece. The unit encourages exploration of material remains and museums to understand the complexities of human evolution and sociopolitical structures.

Uploaded by

rogersjoel51
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 5

Human Biocultural and Social


Evolution

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics


LEARNING TARGETS

At the end of this unit, you should be able to do


the following:
● Trace the biological and cultural evolution of early to modern
humans.
● Explore the significance of human material remains and
artifactual evidences in interpreting cultural and social,
including political and economic, processes.
● Recognize national, local, and specialized museums and
archaeological and historical sites as venues to appreciate and
reflect on the complexities of biocultural and social evolution
as part of being and becoming human. 2
Lesson 3
Sociopolitical Evolution of
Man

Unit 5| Human Biocultural and Social Evolution


Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics

3
LET’S PONDER

a. How would you imagine government


operations thousands of years ago?

b. Do you presume these political


organizations to be as organized as
our present government systems?
4
Sociopolitical Evolution of Man

Advent of new social


systems
Progress in the
+ field of politics
Development and
innovation of tools
=
+ Development in
Biological developments societies

5
Neolithic Revolution

Humans started to
domesticate animals and
crops around 12,000 BC. This
era of a newfound lifestyle is
called the Neolithic revolution.

6
Neolithic Revolution

One of the first Neolithic


societies recorded in
existence was found in
Mesopotamia, a
historical region that is
now divided into the
present-day Iraq and
parts of present-day
Kuwait, Syria, and
Turkey.
7
Neolithic Revolution

Social Economic Human


development development development
8
Social Development

• Creation of civilization
through permanent
settlements

• Development of
domestication techniques
and practices

• Social stratification
developed
9
Economic Development

• Abundant supply of food


and resources was
maintained

• Selective breeding process


of crops and animals that
would allow for the
development of new
species was developed

10
Human Development

• Increase in human
population and life span
across civilizations

• Learned to play different


social roles apart from
being farmers

11
Early Civilizations and the Rise of States

The Rise of Civilizations

Civilizations began to develop


during the Neolithic period
when the early humans
learned to settle in an area to
domesticate plants and
animals for survival.

12
The Development of States

In the Sumer region of Mesopotamia, at around 4000 BC, two important


developments took place that influenced the sociopolitical process of the
early civilizations.

The rise of city-states The invention of writing


13
Early Civilizations and the Rise of States

The Development of States


During the Copper Age (5,900-3,200 BCE), the
system of trade grew in prosperity leading to the
development of cities and changes in socio-political
positions with some civilizations promoting a
kingship to replace priestly rule to be able to
foresee the flow of trade and negotiations with
other regions. This era led to numerous
developments such as the invention of the wheel
and the transition from the use of stone tools to
copper tools.
14
Early Civilizations and the Rise of States

The Development of States

In 3,000-2,119 BCE, during the early Bronze Age,


copper instruments were replaced by bronze tools.
Along with this, the rise of city-states continued,
thereby laying out a foundation for economic and
political stability. As a result, more empires,
civilizations, and states began to rise and develop.

15
Early Civilizations and the Rise of States

Warfare Metalwork
Professional armies and People began to discover
weaponry began to make their various raw materials, such as
appearance iron, copper, and bronze for
making tools and weapons
16
The Beginnings of Democratization

Oligarchy
Monarchy
Greek kings were Rulers were made up of
deposed by noblemen.
aristocracies.
17
Democratization

Tyranny

Tyrant used to be a positive term for a Greek leader. Tyrants in


ancient Greece were rulers who held power despite not being part of
the hereditary aristocracy.
18
Democratization

Birth of Democracy

Free and slave-owning men proposed that power must account for
the citizens of the state. This led Greek city-states to create a more
broad-based constitution, eventually developing the democratic city-
states.
19
Birth of Democracy
It was in 594 BC1 when Solon
gave Athens a new
constitution. This event was
considered as the rise of
democracy in Greece.

Cleisthenes was a greek ruler


who introduced the concept of
demokratikia to the citizens of
Athens, Greece. (200 years
survived)
20
Democratization

Significance and Implication of Democratization

Below are artifactual evidence of the artistic and


cultural implications of democratization:

• Greek literature began to emerge as the poet


Homer created his epics, Iliad and Odyssey.
• Stone temples that appeared as early as 600
BC were improved through classical Greek
structures upon the rise of democratization.

21
LET’S PUT IT THIS WAY

Democracy in the
Philippines

22
Check Your Understanding
A. Write the correct answer on the blank provided below.

1. It is a political system where rulers


of a country or a government are made up of
the aristocracy.
2. It is an area in the ancient Middle
East that is believed to be “cradle of
civilization” and the birthplace of
agriculture, urbanization, trade, and
science due to its fertile land area.
3. It is the era in cultural evolution
when people began to settle in specific areas
to domesticate plants and animals.
4. It is a positive terminology for a Greek leader
that also
translates to “boss.”
5. He started out the democratic political system
in Greece. 23
Performance Task
 Make a creative timeline of the sociopolitical
evolution from Neolithic revolution, then to the
Rise of City states and then lastly to
Democratization.

24

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