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Chapter 3(Metamorphic)

Metamorphic rocks are formed from preexisting rocks through processes of metamorphism, which occurs under varying temperatures and pressures. They can exhibit different textures, such as foliated and nonfoliated, and are classified based on their parent rocks and mineral composition. Common examples include slate from shale, phyllite from slate, and gneiss from granite, with non-foliated examples like marble and quartzite.

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5 views

Chapter 3(Metamorphic)

Metamorphic rocks are formed from preexisting rocks through processes of metamorphism, which occurs under varying temperatures and pressures. They can exhibit different textures, such as foliated and nonfoliated, and are classified based on their parent rocks and mineral composition. Common examples include slate from shale, phyllite from slate, and gneiss from granite, with non-foliated examples like marble and quartzite.

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twa380661
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Engineering Geology

Metamorphic Rocks
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Metamorphic rocks
 Changes from rocks
Produced form preexisting rock-
• Igneous rocks
• Sedimentary rocks
• Other metamorphic rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Metamorphism
• Takes place where preexisting rock is subjected
to temperatures and pressures unlike those in
which it formed
• Degrees of metamorphism
• Exhibited by rock texture and mineralogy
• Low-grade metamorphism(e.g., shale becomes
slate)
• High-grade metamorphism ( destroyed of original
features)
Metamorphic settings

• Contact, or thermal metamorphism


• changes are driven by a rise in temperature
• around igneous intrusions where rock has been
baked
• Regional metamorphism
• directed high pressures and high temperatures
• extends over large areas
Metamorphic agents

• Heat
• Pressure (stress)
• From confining pressure
• From differential stress
• Chemically active fluids
• Mainly water and other volatiles
Metamorphic textures

• Foliated texture
• Develop a platy or sheet - like structure
• Minerals are in a parallel alignment
• Minerals are perpendicular to the compressional
force
• Nonfoliated texture
• Do not have a layered or band appearance
• Contain stronger isotropic structure
• Resembles a coarse-grained igneous rock
Foliated Metamorphic Rock
• In foliated rock the grains are arranged in
parallel layers or sheet. These may appear as
alternating layers of color or just as flat layers
that break or cleavage.
Nonfoliated Metamorphic Rock
• In nonfoliated rock the grains are random.
They do not split into layers.
Development of foliation due to directed
pressure
Shale
sandstone
Granite

Phyllite
Gneiss Quatrzite
Common Foliated Rocks
• Slaty - very fine-grained, low grade
• Phyllitic - fine-grained, shinny, low - grade
• Schistose - large grains visible, medium - grade
• Gneissic - light and dark bands, high- grade
Slate
Parent Rock
– Shale

• Texture -Slaty

• Chief minerals – Mica,


Quartz, Chlorite

• Locality- Shan
state( Chaungmagyi
formation, Saedawgyi,
Yeywa), Taninthayi and
Myeik, Tatkone,
Yinmarbin, Kanpelet, Mt.
victoria
Phyllite
Parent Rock - Slate
• Texture - foliated
•
• Chief minerals - Mica,
Quartz, Chlorite

• Locality- Shan
state( Chaungmagyi
formation, Saedawgyi,
Yeywa), Taninthayi and
Myeik, Tatkone,
Yinmarbin, Kanpelet, Mt.
victoria
Schist
Parent Rock - Phyllite

• Chief minerals - Biotite,


Quartz, Muscovite

• Locality-Kyaukse-Shan Taung
Oo, East of Pyawbye,
Pyinmana, Kanpalet,
Thabaikkyin, Minwon Taung,
Belin Taung
Gneiss
Parent Rock - Granite

• Chief minerals –
Feldspar, Quartz, Mica,
Hornblende

• Locality-
Kyaukse,Mogok,
Mokepalin,
Shwethalayong
Non-foliated Rocks

• Rocks that show no Foliation


– Marble
– Quartzite
– Amphibolite
– Granulite
Marble

• Parent Rock
– Limestone or Dolostone

• Chief minerals – Calcite, Mg


and Ca silicates, quartz

• Locality-Kyaukse
Taung,Mogok-
Kyatpyin,Sakyin, Mandalay
Taung ,Sagaing Taung,
Yinmabin, Pyawbwe,
Yamaethin area.
Quartzite
• Parent Rock - Sandstone

• Chief minerals – quartz

 Locality- Chaungmagyi
formation, Mogok belt, Thazi,
Tatkone, Shan Taung Oo.

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