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Transport and communication

The document discusses the importance of transport and communication, focusing on various modes of transport such as land, air, and water. It highlights the evolution of road transport in India, noting the extensive road network and the economic and social impacts of land transport, including supply chain efficiency and environmental considerations. Additionally, it outlines the role of the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) in developing and maintaining national highways, as well as assignments for students related to road development projects.

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19 views

Transport and communication

The document discusses the importance of transport and communication, focusing on various modes of transport such as land, air, and water. It highlights the evolution of road transport in India, noting the extensive road network and the economic and social impacts of land transport, including supply chain efficiency and environmental considerations. Additionally, it outlines the role of the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) in developing and maintaining national highways, as well as assignments for students related to road development projects.

Uploaded by

meghna99.ms
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TRANSPORT

AND
COMMUNICATION

BY: MEGHNA SHARMA


Through TRANSPORTATION : The goods are brought from the
site of production to the market.

~ The use of transport & communication depends upon our need to


move things from:

PLACE OF THEIR PLACE OF THEIR


AVAILABILITY USE

GOODS
Human Beings use various method to move COMMODITIES
IDEAS
MODES OF TRANSPORT

LAND AIR

ROAD RAILWAYS PIPELINES NATIONAL INTERNATIONAL

WATER

SEAWAYS &
INLAND OCEANIC
ROUTS
LAND TRANSPORT
• In Ancient times pathways & unmetalled roads
were used for transportation in India.

• With the economic & technological development


the metalled roads & railways were developed to
move large volumes of goods & people.
Pipeline
s

• Ropeways, Cableways & Pipelines were devised


to cater to the demands of transporting special
goods under special circumstances.

Railway Cableway
s s
HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF INDIAN ROADS
HISTORICAL
INDIAN ROADS
21st CENTURY
INDIAN ROADS
 ROAD TRANSPORT :-

o India has the second largest road network with total length of 62.16 lakh Km (2021-22).

o 85% of passenger & 70% of freight traffic are carried by roads every year, as it is
relatively suitable for shorter distance travel.

o Road transport in modern sense was very limited in India before World War – II.

o Nagpur Plan in 1943 was first serious attempt, but could not be implemented due to
lack of coordination among Princely states and British India.

o Twenty – year road plan (1961) was introduced to improve the condition of roads in
India.
Roads are concentrated in and Rural and remote areas had least
around urban centers. connectivity by roads.

 For the purpose of construction and maintenance, roads are classified as :

ROADS

NATIONAL STATE DISTRICT


RURAL ROADS
HIGHWAYS HIGHWAYS ROADS
I. NATIONAL HIGHWAYS :

CONSTRUCTED AND MAINTAINED BY CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

STATE CAPITALS
INTER-STATE
TRANSPORT

MAJOR CITIES
MOVEMENT OF CONNECT THE
MEANT FOR
DEFENCE MEN
IMPORTANT PORTS

MOVEMENT OF MATERIAL
IN STRATEGIC AREAS
RAILWAY JUNCTION
 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF LAND TRANSPORT:

• Supply Chain Efficiency: Reliable land transport improves supply chain efficiency,
allowing for timely delivery of goods and reducing inventory holding costs.

• Environmental Considerations: While land transport can promote economic


growth, it can also lead to environmental challenges such as pollution and habitat
destruction, affecting community health and well-being.
• National highways constitute only about 2% of the total road length. But carry 40% of
the road traffic.

• NHAI : National Highways Authority of India, was operationalized in 1995.

• NHAI is autonomous body under Ministry of Surface Transport.

NHAI IS RESPONSIBLE FOR NATONAL HIGHWAYS

DEVELOPMENT MAINTENANCE OPERATION


NATIONAL HIGHWAYS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS (by NHAI)

GOLDEN QUADRILATERAL NORTH-SOUTH & EAST-WEST CORRIDORS

DELHI
Connects Srinagar(J&K) to
MUMBAI NORTH-SOUTH
CONNECTS INDIA’S FOUR Kanyakumari(Tamil Nadu)
BIG METRO CITIES:
CHENNAI

KOLKATA Connects Silchar(Assam) with


EAST-WEST
port town Porbandar(Gujarat)
 Small research project
o All students will do a short research about which type of roads are present

near your house and about all the ‘Important Road development projects

implemented by the Indian government’ with the help of your

textbook/internet and make a mind-map in your note books regarding the

same.

o Everyone will present their findings about the giving topic in the next class.
HOME ASSIGNMENT

Q) Write down the following: -

1) Which are the two major National Highway Development Projects implemented

by NHAI?

2) What is the importance of land-based transport?

3) What is the significance of National Highways?

4) What are the major economic and social impacts of land transport?

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