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The document discusses the importance of loop statements in programming, specifically in Python, and explains the different types of loops: Counter Loops (For Loops) and Conditional Loops (While Loops). It provides examples of how to implement these loops to perform tasks such as summing numbers and taking user input until a condition is met. The conclusion emphasizes the distinction between the two types of loops and their applications in programming.

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Basic Tricks
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4 views28 pages

week5

The document discusses the importance of loop statements in programming, specifically in Python, and explains the different types of loops: Counter Loops (For Loops) and Conditional Loops (While Loops). It provides examples of how to implement these loops to perform tasks such as summing numbers and taking user input until a condition is met. The conclusion emphasizes the distinction between the two types of loops and their applications in programming.

Uploaded by

Basic Tricks
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Repetition

Structures
Learning Objectives
• Define why we need Loop Statements.

• Learn about the Loop structure

• Define and implement of Counting and Conditional Loops

• Define, understand, and Learn FOR and While Loop

Computer Science Department, UET Lahore.


Revision: Print sum of two
numbers
Let’s say we want to print the sum of two
numbers.
# This program adds two numbers
Statement num1 = 1
1
Statement
num2 = 3
2 sum = float(num1) + float(num2)
Statement
3 print('The sum is = '+ str(sum))
Statement
4 --------------------------------
The sum is = 4
Outp
ut
Print sum
Let’s say we want to print sum of odd number
from 1 to 10.
# This program adds five numbers
num1 = 1
num2 = 3
num3 = 5
num4 = 7
num5 = 9
sum = float(num1) + float(num2)+ float(num3) + float(num4) +
float(num5)+
print('The sum is = '+ str(sum))
--------------------------------
The sum is = 25
Print sum
Let’s say we want to print sum of odd number
from 1 to 100 or may be Sum of odd number
from 1 to 1000.
# This program adds five numbers
num1 = 1
num2 = 3
num3 = 5
num4 = 7
num5 = 9
sum = float(num1) + float(num2)+ float(num3) + float(num4) +
float(num5)+
print('The sum is = '+ str(sum))
--------------------------------
The sum is = 25
Code Repetition: Problem
Is there a way, we don’t have to repeat the
same instructions again and again?
Code Repetition: Solution
In High level languages, Loops are used to
repeat the same command without writing it
multiple times.
Control structures: Iteration or
looping
• The iteration statement allows
instructions to be executed until a Condition

certain condition is to be fulfilled. The


iteration statements are also called
as loops or Looping statements.
Code Block

OR
• Loops can execute a block of
code number of times until a
certain condition is met. Iteration
Loops
In Loops, the program knows beforehand
about how many times a specific instruction
or set of instructions will be executed.
Initial Loop Update
Keyword Statement Condition statement

for (int x = 1; x < 100; x = x + 2 )


{
//body Body of Loop

}
Loops in Python
In Loops, the program knows beforehand
about how many times a specific instruction or
set of instructions will be executed. This is
called Counter Loop
Loop Initial Update
Keyword Conditio Stateme statemen
n nt t

for x in range (1,100,2) :

//body Body of Loop


Counter Loop: Working
Example
Let’s say we want to print sum of odd number
from 1 to 100 or may be Sum of odd number
from 1 to 100.
# This program adds 100 odd numbers
sum = 0
for x in range (1,100,2):
sum = sum + x

print('The sum is = '+ str(sum))


--------------------------------
The sum is = 2500
Start

Initial
Statement

Loop
Body of Update
Conditio
for Loop Statement
n True

Fals
e
End
Other Types of Loops
Now, What if we don’t know beforehand how
many times a set of instructions will be
executed?
Conditional Loops
In Such cases, we will use Conditional Loops.
I.e., we will execute the loop until a certain
condition is met.
Keywo Loop
rd Condition

while
(condition)
{ Body of
Loop
//body
}
While Loop in Python
Then we will use Conditional Loops. I.e., we
will execute the loop until a certain condition
is met.
Keywo Loop
rd Condition

while
condition : Body of
Loop
//body
Conditional Loop: Working
Example
Suppose, the requirement is to keep taking
numbers as input from the user until the user
enters -1.
Conditional Loop: Working
Example
Suppose, the requirement is to keep taking
numbers as input from the user until the user
enters -1.
# This program adds 100 odd numbers
num = 0
while (num != -1):
print(‘Enter -1 to exit.’)
num = int(input(‘Enter a number: ’))

Enter -1 to exit.
Enter a number: -1
Conditional Loop: Working
Example

Loop
Body of
Conditio
while loop
n true

Fals
e
Code Repetition: Problem
Is there any way, we can stop the loop before
it has looped through all the items?
Code Repetition: Solution
(Break)
for x in range(1,100,1):
print(x)
if x == 5 :
break

//Remaining code

1234 Outpu
t
Code Repetition: Problem
Is there any way, we can stop the current
iteration of the loop, and continue with the
next?
Code Repetition: Solution
(Continue)
for x in
for x in range(1,100,1):
print(x)
if x == 5:
continue

//Remaining code

1 2 3 4 6 7 8… Output
Working Example

Write a Program that prints your


Name for a given number of times
you want.
Let's See Practical
Solution
Learning Outcome

In this lecture, we learnt how to


write a Python Program that
repeats a Set of Instructions for
a specific number of times to
solve the given problem using
Loops.
Conclusion
● Loops are of 2 types
1. Sequence-Controlled / Counter (For
Loop) Loops.
2. Sentinel controlled / Conditional (While)
Loops
● In Counter Loop, the program knows
beforehand about how many times a
specific instruction or set of instructions
will be executed.
● In Conditional Loop, the program doesn’t
know
Self Assessment

Write a python Program that asks the user to


enter 5 numbers, one at a time, and add them
together. This is called a Running Total. Once
the user is done, display the total sum on the
Console. If its below 50 ask the user to enter
again.

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