DIFFERENTIATI

NG LANGUAGE
USED IN
VARIOUS
ACADEMIC
DISCIPLINE
Prepared by: Ma’am Charmaine D.
Santos
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, you
are expected to:
1. define academic writing;
2. differentiate language in
academic text from various
discipline;
3. identify the purpose, language,
audience and style of academic
text; and
4. write a specific2 academic text
 ACADEMIC TEXT VS. NON-
ACADEMIC TEXT
ACADEMIC TEXT NON-ACADEMIC
are to be written TEXT
according to an Informal in tone and
established structure may even rely more
which may differ heavily on emotional
depending on the appeal of the
subject. opinions of the
It uses formal author.
language and follows It uses informal or
certain rules and colloquial words.
standards. 3
 ACADEMIC TEXT VS. NON-
ACADEMIC TEXT
ACADEMIC TEXT NON-ACADEMIC
> Essay TEXT
> Journal-
conference/ > Diary
academic > Invitation letter
> Reaction paper > Fiction stories
> Research paper > bibliography
> Biography
> science writing
4
 ACADEMIC TEXT VS. NON-
ACADEMIC TEXT
Characteristics Academic Text Non-academic Text

Audience Scholarly Audience Public

Purpose To inform To entertain

Structure Intro-Body-Conclusion No fixed structure

Language Formal Contain slang and

colloquial
Style Objective Subjective

Source of Content Related literature Everyday events

Examples Research paper, skits, fiction stories

reports

5
 ACADEMIC TEXT VS. NON-
ACADEMIC TEXT

both academic and

non-academic texts
are required to be
original work and
could be used in
school setting.
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 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT

1. IMRaD-is a way of
structuring a scientific article.
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion

7
 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
INTRODUCTION
> use the introduction to show that
you are knowledgeable about your
field of study and existing
research.
> to make research interesting to
others it must be placed in a
larger context.
8
 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT

INTRODUCTION
> should be shaped like a
funnel- general to specific
topic.
> should start with something
that your reader can relate
to. 9
 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
METHODS
> Should show the reader exactly
how the research was conducted (
what you’ve done to be able to
fulfill your aim and answer your
thesis question )
> Your reader should understand
how you got the results you did.
10
 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
RESULTS
> You should account for your
results in an objective manner
without interpreting them.
> Use illustrations such as tables
and charts when presenting your
results.
11
 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
RESULTS
> The illustrations should be linked to
your text but you should not repeat
all the information provided in the
chart.
> Account for the most important
aspects.
12
 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
DISCUSSION
> Part in which you interpret your
results.
> Part that takes longest to write.
All parts of your discussion should
focus on the analysis of your
results.
13
 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
2. THREE-PART ESSAY
STRUCTURE
> the reader will be introduced to
the topic that will be discussed
and to the argument that will
be presented.
14
 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
2. THREE-PART ESSAY
STRUCTURE
• Introduction
• Body
• Conclusion
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 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
2. THREE-PART ESSAY
STRUCTURE
Introduction
 Get the reader’s attention
 Provides necessary background
information.
 Provides specific debatable thesis
statement
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 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
2. THREE-PART ESSAY
STRUCTURE
BODY
> where the essay’s or articles argument, ideas
and results are developed and discussed.
> helps you prove your thesis and move you along
a compelling trajectory from your introduction to
your conclusion.
17
 Structure of
ACADEMIC TEXT
2. THREE-PART ESSAY
STRUCTURE
CONCLUSION
> is the last paragraph of your essay.
> It should not contain any new facts or ideas, but
rather function as a brief restatement of the
main arguments and facts that have been
treated in the essay.
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 FEATURES of
ACADEMIC TEXT
1. COMPLEX
- Written language has
longer words. It is
lexically denser and it
has a more varied
vocabulary.
19
 FEATURES of
ACADEMIC TEXT
2. FORMAL
- should avoid colloquial words and
expressions.
- think about the tone of your writing.

Example:

instead of “This back ups…” it should be

“This supports…”

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 FEATURES of
ACADEMIC TEXT
3. PRECISE
- facts are given
accurately and
precisely.
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 FEATURES of
ACADEMIC TEXT
4. ACCURATE

- uses vocabulary
accurately.
- most subjects have words
with narrow specific
meanings.
22
 FEATURES of
ACADEMIC TEXT
5. OBJECTIVE
- objective rather than personal
- has fewer words that refer to the
writer or the reader
- main emphasis should be on the
information that you want to give
and the arguments you want to
make.
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 FEATURES of
ACADEMIC TEXT
6. EXPLICIT
- it is the responsibility of
the writer in English to
make it clear to the reader
how the various parts of
the text are related.
24
 FEATURES of
ACADEMIC TEXT
7. HEDGING
- it is necessary to make decisions about
your stand on a particular subject, or the
strength of the claims you are making but
be careful in making a strong claims.
Example:
“This proves….” it should be “It could be
suggested..”

25
 FEATURES of
ACADEMIC TEXT
8. RESPONSIBLE

- you must be responsible and must

able to provide evidence and
justification for any claims you make.
- you are also responsible for
demonstrating an understanding of
any source texts you use.

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 ELEMENTS of
ACADEMIC TEXT

1.
Subject/focus
- what is the
text all about?
27
 ELEMENTS of
ACADEMIC TEXT
2. Purpose
- what is the
writer’s goal in
writing the text?
28
 ELEMENTS of
ACADEMIC TEXT

3. Audience
- who is the
target reader
of the text?
29
 ELEMENTS of
ACADEMIC TEXT
4. Point of view
- what is the point
of view?
( first person,
second person,
30
 ELEMENTS of
ACADEMIC TEXT
5. Writer’s
knowledge
- how much does
the writer know
31
 ELEMENTS of
ACADEMIC TEXT
6. Style
- How did the
writer organize
the text? 32
 ELEMENTS of
ACADEMIC TEXT
7. Tone
- Did the writer write in a
formal or informal manner?
How did the writer choose
the words and organize the
sentences? Was the
language formal,
33 informal