QUICK REVIEW

PROBABILITY OF EVENTS
 PROBABILITY
• Probability is a measure of the
likelihood or chance that a
particular event will occur.
 PROBABILITY
• Probability is a measure of the
likelihood or chance that a
particular event will occur.

• Probability of an event can be

written in fraction, decimal, and
percentage form.
TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH
PROBABILITY
 TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH
PROBABILITY
1 Experiments are procedures that has a well-defined
set of possible outcomes.
 TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH
PROBABILITY
1 Experiments are procedures that has a well-defined
set of possible outcomes.

Tossing a coin Rolling a die Drawing a card

 TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH
PROBABILITY
1 Experiments are procedures that has a well-defined
set of possible outcomes.
2 Outcomes are possible results of an experiment.
 TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH
PROBABILITY
1 Experiments are procedures that has a well-defined
set of possible outcomes.
2 Outcomes are possible results of an experiment.

The outcomes of tossing a coin

are
Heads (H) or Tails (T).
 TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH
PROBABILITY
1 Experiments are procedures that has a well-defined
set of possible outcomes
2 Outcomes are possible results of an experiment.

3 Sample Space is the set of all possible outcomes

of an experiment.
4
 TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH
PROBABILITY
1 Experiments are procedures that has a well-defined
set of possible outcomes
2 Outcomes are possible results of an experiment.

3 Sample Space is the set of all possible outcomes

of an experiment.
4

The sample space for tossing a coin

is S = {H,T}.
 TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH
PROBABILITY
1 Experiments are procedures that has a well-defined
set of possible outcomes
2 Outcomes are possible results of an experiment.

3 Sample Space is the set of all possible outcomes

of an experiment.
4 Event is an outcome of a random

experiment.
 TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH
PROBABILITY
1 Experiments are procedures that has a well-defined
set of possible outcomes
2 Outcomes are possible results of an experiment.

3 Sample Space is the set of all possible outcomes

of an experiment.
4 Event is an outcome of a random

experiment.The event of getting Heads is

A={H},
and the event of getting Tails is
 SIMPLE AND COMPOUND
PROBABILITY
1. The probability of simple event involves a single event
occurring
 SIMPLE AND COMPOUND
PROBABILITY
1. The probability of simple event involves a single event
occurring
Exampl
e: The probability of getting a head when tossing a coin
once.
 SIMPLE AND COMPOUND
PROBABILITY
1. The probability of simple event involves a single event
occurring
Exampl
e: The probability of getting a head when tossing a coin
once.
 SIMPLE AND COMPOUND
PROBABILITY
1. The probability of simple event involves a single event
occurring
Exampl
e: The probability of getting a head when tossing a coin
once.
2. The probability of compound events involves more than one
event
happening together. Compound events are usually connected by
the word “and” or “or”.
 SIMPLE AND COMPOUND
PROBABILITY
1. The probability of simple event involves a single event
occurring
Exampl
e: The probability of getting a head when tossing a coin
once.
2. The probability of compound events involves more than one
even
happening together. Compound events are usually connected by
the word “and” or “or”.
Exampl
The probability of getting a head and an even number when
e:
tossing a coin once and rolling a die once.
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

3 Mutually and Non-Mutually Exclusive

 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

The union of two events A and B refers to the event that at
least one of the events occurs. In other words, it includes all
outcomes that belong to either event A, or event B, or
both events.
Formula:
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

The union of two events A and B refers to the event that at
least one of the events occurs. In other words, it includes all
outcomes that belong to either event A, or event B, or
both events.
Formula:

The intersection of two events A and B refers to the event

where both events occur simultaneously. It consists of the
outcomes that are common to both events.
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

Example: Rolling a six-sided die
Event A: Rolling an even number = {2, 4, 6}.
Event B: Rolling a number greater than 3 = {4, 5, 6}.

What is the probability of:

1. Rolling an even number OR a number greater than 3?
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

Example: Rolling a six-sided die
Event A: Rolling an even number = {2, 4, 6}.
Event B: Rolling a number greater than 3 = {4, 5, 6}.

What is the probability of:

1. Rolling an even number OR a number greater than 3? Union
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

Example: Rolling a six-sided die
Event A: Rolling an even number = {2, 4, 6}.
Event B: Rolling a number greater than 3 = {4, 5, 6}.

What is the probability of:

1. Rolling an even number OR a number greater than 3? Union
2. Rolling an even number AND a number greater than 3?
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

Example: Rolling a six-sided die
Event A: Rolling an even number = {2, 4, 6}.
Event B: Rolling a number greater than 3 = {4, 5, 6}.

What is the probability of:

1. Rolling an even number OR a number greater than 3? Union
2. Rolling an even number AND a number greater than 3? Intersection
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

Two events are dependent if the occurrence of one event
affects the probability of the occurrence of the other event.
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

Two events are dependent if the occurrence of one event
affects the probability of the occurrence of the other event.

Two events are independent if the occurrence of one event

does not affect the probability of the occurrence of the other
event.
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

Example: Drawing balls from a bag that contains
5 red balls and 4 blue balls:

What is the probability of:

1. Drawing 2 blue balls without replacement?
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

Example: Drawing balls from a bag that contains
5 red balls and 4 blue balls:

What is the probability of:

1. Drawing 2 blue balls without replacement? Dependent
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

Example: Drawing balls from a bag that contains
5 red balls and 4 blue balls:

What is the probability of:

1. Drawing 2 blue balls without replacement? Dependent
2. Drawing 2 red balls with replacement?
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

Example: Drawing balls from a bag that contains
5 red balls and 4 blue balls:

What is the probability of:

1. Drawing 2 blue balls without replacement? Dependent
2. Drawing 2 red balls with replacement? Independent
MUTUALLY AND NON-
MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE
EVENTS
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students will be
able
a differentiate
to: between mutually exclusive and
non-mutually exclusive event

b illustrate mutually and non-mutually exclusive

events; and

c solve real-life applications of mutually and

non-mutually exclusive events.
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

3 Mutually and Non-Mutually Exclusive

 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

3 Mutually and Non-Mutually Exclusive

Two events are mutually exclusive if both events cannot
occur at the same time. These events have no common
elements. They are also called disjoint events.
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

3 Mutually and Non-Mutually Exclusive

Two events are mutually exclusive if both events cannot
occur at the same time. These events have no common
elements. They are also called disjoint events.

Two events are not mutually exclusive if both events can

occur at the same time. These events have common
elements. They are also called inclusive events.
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

3 Mutually and Non-Mutually Exclusive

Example: Rolling a six-sided die
What is the probability of:
1. Rolling an even and an odd number?
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

3 Mutually and Non-Mutually

Example: Rolling a six-sided die
What is the probability of:
1. Rolling an even and an odd number? Mutually Exclusive
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

3 Mutually and Non-Mutually

Example: Rolling a six-sided die
What is the probability of:
1. Rolling an even and an odd number? Mutually Exclusive
2. Rolling a number greater than 3 and an even number?
 DEFINITIONS

1 Union and Intersection

2 Dependent and Independent

3 Mutually and Non-Mutually

Example: Rolling a six-sided die
What is the probability of:
1. Rolling an even and an odd number? Mutually Exclusive
2. Rolling a number greater than 3 and an even number? Non-Mutually
Exclusive
ACTIVITY
STAND UP SIT
Exampl
e:
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Exampl
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Exampl
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Exampl
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Exampl
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Exampl
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UNION AND
INTERSECTION
Given:
A = {o, p,
If
B=q,{q,
r} r,
C =s,{p,
t} r, t,
u}
UNION AND
INTERSECTION
Given:
A = {o, p,
If
B=q,{q,
r} r,
C =s,{p,
t} r, t,
u}
What are the elements of A U
B?
UNION AND
INTERSECTION
Given:
A = {o, p,
If
B=q,{q,
r} r,
C =s,{p,
t} r, t,
u}
What are the elements of A U
B?
A U B = {o, p, q, r, s,
t}
UNION AND
INTERSECTION
Given:
A = {o, p,
If
B=q,{q,
r} r,
C =s,{p,
t} r, t,
u}
What are the elements of B ∩ C?
UNION AND
INTERSECTION
Given:
A = {o, p,
If
B=q,{q,
r} r,
C =s,{p,
t} r, t,
u}
What are the elements of B ∩ C?

B ∩ C = { r, t}
 UNION AND
INTERSECTION

What is the probability of rolling an

even number or a number
greater than 3 on a die?
UNION AND
INTERSECTION
UNION AND
INTERSECTION
UNION AND
INTERSECTION
UNION AND
INTERSECTION
UNION AND
INTERSECTION
 PROBABILITY

n (event)
P (E) =
n (Sample
Space)
 EXAMPLE
1 Sample Space =

A coin is tossed, find Event =

the probability of
getting a head.
 EXAMPLE
1 Sample Space = {H,
T}
n(S) = 2
A coin is tossed, find Event =
the probability of
getting a head.
 EXAMPLE
1 Sample Space = {H,
T}
n(S) = 2
A coin is tossed, find Event = {H}
the probability of
getting a head. n(E) = 1
 EXAMPLE
1 Sample Space = {H,
T}
n(S) = 2
A coin is tossed, find Event = {H}
the probability of
getting a head. n(E) = 1
n (event)
P (E) =
n (Sample
Space)
 EXAMPLE
1 Sample Space = {H,
T}
n(S) = 2
A coin is tossed, find Event = {H}
the probability of
getting a head. n(E) = 1
n (event)
P (E) =
n (Sample
1
Space)
P (E) =
2