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Electronn-Configuration

The document covers the electronic structure of atoms, detailing electron configurations, orbitals, and the principles governing them, such as Hund's Rule and the Aufbau Principle. It explains how to determine the electron configuration of elements and discusses magnetic properties related to electron arrangements. Additionally, it provides methods for writing electron configurations, including SPDF notation and noble gas notation.

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Kija Sochufros
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10 views

Electronn-Configuration

The document covers the electronic structure of atoms, detailing electron configurations, orbitals, and the principles governing them, such as Hund's Rule and the Aufbau Principle. It explains how to determine the electron configuration of elements and discusses magnetic properties related to electron arrangements. Additionally, it provides methods for writing electron configurations, including SPDF notation and noble gas notation.

Uploaded by

Kija Sochufros
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prayer

30

Zn 12
Zinc

Mg esiu m
Magn
Recapitulation
30

Zn 12
Zinc

Mg esiu m
Magn
Announcements
30

Zn 12
Zinc

Mg esiu m
Magn
Food fot
thought!
30
GROUP 4
Zn 12
Zinc

Mg esiu m
Magn
Electron
Configuration
30
GROUP 4
Zn 12
Zinc

Mg esiu m
Magn
Learning
Objectives Cl ₂
• describe the electronic structure of Mg
atoms in terms of main energy
levels, sublevels, and orbitals;
H₂O
• write the electron configuration of
elements; 3
• describe the magnetic property of Fe +
the atom based on its electron
configuration;
• draw an orbital diagram to
represent electron configuration of
C₄H₁₀
atoms; and
• perform exercises on writing
SHELLS
Is a simple way of showing the arrangement of electrons
around an atom by arranging the electrons in energy
level/shells around the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons that are farther away from the nucleus will
have an higher energy.
Orbitals
Although electrons can be
represented by shells
circling along the nucleus
of an atom, they also
move in complicated
paths and these paths are
called orbitals/subshells.
There are 4 different
orbital shapes: s, p, d, f
ELECTRON CONFIGURATION
.

USED TO EXPLAIN THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES


OF ELEMENTS AND THE COMPUND THEY
MAKE.
Guidelines in determining the electron
configuration of an element:
• An orbital can hold only two electrons. Electrons that
occupy the same orbital are called an electron pair.
• An electron will always enter the orbital with the
lowest energy level.
• An electron can occupy an orbital singly, but it should
occupy a lower-energy orbital with another electron
before occupying a higher-energy orbital. In other
words, within an energy level, electrons will fill an s
orbital first before filling the p orbitals.
• The s subshell can hold 2 electrons; the p subshells
can hold 6 electrons.
Rules in assigning
orbitals
The nucleus of an
atom contains
electron and
protons, electrons
have the same
negative charge and
mass but they have
different amounts of
energy base on how
far they are from
the nucleus
Hund’s Rule
When assigning electrons to orbitals, each
electron must first fill all orbitals with the
same energy( degenerate orbitals ) before
pairing with another electron that's why this
rule is often called "the empty bus seat
rule".
Aufbau principle
Derived from the german
word "aufbauen” which
means "to build" states
that the electron
cofigurations fill atomic
orbitals of the lowest
available energy level
before occupying higher-
energy levels.
EXECEPTIONS IN AUFBAU’S RULE
The Aufbau principle states that electrons fill the lowest energy
orbitals first, but there are some exceptions such as:
Chromium
The actual electron configuration of chromium is (Ar) 3d5 4s1, but
the Aufbau principle predicts it to be (Ar) 3d4 4s2.
Copper
The actual electron configuration of copper is (Ar) 3d10 4s1, but
the Aufbau principle predicts it to be (Ar) 3d9 4s2.

These exceptions occur because half-filled and fully filled orbitals


are more stable, which lowers the atom's overall energy. The
energy difference between orbitals is smaller at higher atomic
numbers, which also contributes to these exceptions.
Writing Electron configuration
It is written according to the following considerations:

• first write the energy


level
• then write the subshell to
be filled
• then, write the
superscript or the amount
35
of electrons in that
?
2

subshell He -- -- -
-- -- - -
H el i
um
There are also three methods to write
electron configuration:
1.Orbital
diagram
Seperate
orbitals and
the spins of
electrons are
shown
There are also three methods to write
electron configuration:
2. SPDF most common
notation way of writing
electron
configuration,
though the
distribution of
electrons in each
orbital is not
shown
There are also three methods to write
electron configuration:
3. Noble gas
notation
simpler way of
writing electron
configuration
and also knows
as inert gases
Links on how to solve spdf notation,
noble gas notation and orbital
diagram/s.
Spdf: https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=NIwcDnFjj98

Noble Gas: https://www.yout


ube.com/watch?v=6MAKMnZ
dfbs&t=150s

Orbital Diagram: https://www


.youtube.com/watch?v=6dRd 35

My9tgzE&t=148s
?
2

He -- -- - -
-- -- -

H el i
um
Magnetic Properties

Magnetism is a physical phenomenon produced by


the motion of electric charges which can result in
attraction or repulsion. It can result from the
unpaired electrons of an element and in order to
determine the magnetic properties of an element
is through its electron configuration. The two most
common properties are paramagnetism and
diamagnetism.
Paramagnetism

atom with
one or more
unpaired
electrons
Diamagnetism

atom has no
unpaired
electrons
As stated in Pauli's Exclusion
Principle, no two identical atoms
can fill the same set of quantum
state/number meaning there can
only be two electrons occupying an
orbital.
THANKYOU
O₂

Mg

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