Scribd
Upload
15 views12 pages

Lecture 8 Lubrication System

The document discusses the objectives and types of lubrication systems in engines, highlighting the importance of reducing friction, wear, and heat generation. It details various lubrication methods including oil mixed with petrol, splash lubrication, and force feed lubrication systems, along with their components and functions. Additionally, it addresses crankcase ventilation to manage gases and prevent oil contamination.

Uploaded by

muhammedhummain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views12 pages

Lecture 8 Lubrication System

The document discusses the objectives and types of lubrication systems in engines, highlighting the importance of reducing friction, wear, and heat generation. It details various lubrication methods including oil mixed with petrol, splash lubrication, and force feed lubrication systems, along with their components and functions. Additionally, it addresses crankcase ventilation to manage gases and prevent oil contamination.

Uploaded by

muhammedhummain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

LECTURE- 8

LUBRICATION SYSTEM
OBJECTIVES OF LUBRICATION
•Machine are made of moving parts which are continuously
sliding over each other producing friction.
•This friction results in warming up of the parts, generation of
heat and loss of power.
•Lubrication reduces friction and wear of bearing surfaces by
interposing a film of oil or grease between the sliding
surfaces.
•Cools the surfaces e.g. pistons by picking up heat and
dissipating it through crankcase.
•Reduces compression losses by acting as a seal between the
cylinder walls and the piston rings, crankshaft and bearings.
•Absorbs shocks occurred between moving parts
•It acts as cleaning agent by carrying away carbon particles
and other impurities in the cylinder
TYPES OF LUBRICANTS

Lubricants are classified based on their viscosity which


gives a measure of flow at various temperatures.
The classification is based on numbering system
adopted by US Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
The numbering system for oil is SAE 10, SAE 20, SAE 30 and
SAE 40 generally denotes the engine oils.
The viscosity of oil increases with the increased SAE number.
SAE 50 is thicker than SAE 30 or SAE 40.
Higher numbers like SAE 50 to SAE140 denote gear and
transmission oil.
TYPES OF LUBRICATION SYSTEM

The following are the lubrication


systems commonly used in an engine.

i.Oil mixed with petrol

ii.Splash lubrication system

iii.Force feed lubrication system


OIL MIXED WITH PETROL
This is the simplest form of lubrication system.
In this system 3 to 6% amount of lubricating oil is mixed
with petrol itself.
When the engine oil reaches the cylinder, it lubricates
the main bearings, big end bearings of crankshaft, piston
and cylinder walls.
This system is mostly used in 2-stroke spark ignition
engine e.g. scooters and motorcycles.
The major disadvantage of this system is that during
combustion process, most of the lubricant is burnt thus
leaving carbon deposits on piston head and rings,
cylinder walls, spark plug which require quick engine
service.
SPLASH LUBRICATION SYSTEM
• In this system, an oil scoop provided at the big end
of the connecting rod strikes against lubricating oil
in the splash pan and produces splash, which
lubricate all the components inside the engine
crankcase.

• The engine oil must always be kept at the correct


level to ensure that splash is produced.

• The overflow oil from the splash pans and other


parts of the engine is returned to the oil sump by
gravity for recirculation.
Splash Lubrication System
FORCE FEED LUBRICATION SYSTEM
The major components of force feed lubrication
system includes:
i.Oil pump
ii.Oil strainer
iii.Oil filter
iv.Pressure relief valve
v.Oil gallery (passages to various bearings and
parts)
vi.Oil pressure gauge
FORCE FEED LUBRICATION SYSTEM
The oil is drawn by the oil pump through the strainer and
then pumped to the oil gallery.
From the oil gallery, oil flows through drilled oil-ways to
main bearings, connecting rod, piston pin walls and cylinder
walls.
Oil from the main gallery is also supplied to rocker arm
assembly and valves.
The oil strainer checks out all the carbon and other impurities
in the oil ensuring that the oil is cleaned again before it is
supplied to the bearings
The camshaft drives the gear type oil pump
In case of high oil pressure due to high engine speeds, the
pressure relief valve opens an excess oil is returned to the oil
sump acting as a safety valve.
Force Feed Lubrication System
Force Feed Lubrication System
CRANKCASE VENTILATION
After combustion, water vapors along with fuel
also enters into the combustion chamber, where
after combustion they produce nitrogen, carbon
dioxide, steam and vapors of sulfuric acid.
These gases and unburnt fuel sometime makes its
way to the crankcase and dilute the oil and develop
corrosion.
For escape of these gases, a breather pipe is
provided with a filter at its outlet to prevent dust
from entering into the engine.

You might also like