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Week 1. Introduction to Philosophy

The document introduces philosophy as the study of fundamental questions regarding existence, knowledge, and value, emphasizing the importance of critical and holistic thinking. It defines key terms such as analytical, bias, holistic, and perspective, and discusses the difference between holistic and partial viewpoints. Additionally, it presents the concept of holism, which posits that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, and introduces emergentism as a principle of complex systems arising from simple interactions.

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8 views26 pages

Week 1. Introduction to Philosophy

The document introduces philosophy as the study of fundamental questions regarding existence, knowledge, and value, emphasizing the importance of critical and holistic thinking. It defines key terms such as analytical, bias, holistic, and perspective, and discusses the difference between holistic and partial viewpoints. Additionally, it presents the concept of holism, which posits that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, and introduces emergentism as a principle of complex systems arising from simple interactions.

Uploaded by

santoscarlenejoi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

PHILOSOPHY
Have you ever asked
yourself questions like,
“Who am I?”
What makes me happy?

What is my purpose in
this world?
“What can I do to make
the world a better place?”
If yes, then,
congratulations!
You are doing philosophy
Philosophy is a broad
discipline that encompasses
“the study of all existence
in this world”
Philosophy is the study of
fundamental questions about
the nature of reality,
knowledge, and value
Quite literally, the term
"philosophy" means, "love of
wisdom."
According to a pre-eminent Greek
philosopher, Plato and a 15th-
century French philosopher, Rene
Descartes (also known as the father
of modern philosophy), the goal of
philosophy is to wonder and doubt,
respectively.
To wonder and doubt are not just
as simple as you think.
Indeed, doing philosophy is
not
an easy task
It requires you to think
holistically, critically and
analytically on particular
situations or problems.
It takes a process for you to
understand the process of doing
philosophy.
TERMS TO ENCOUNTER
•ANALYTICAL pertains to
analytical thinking that
promotes a partial point of
view as a process of knowing
things.
TERMS TO ENCOUNTER
•BIAS means being unfair.
•HOLISTIC is the ability to see things
fully, not partially.
•JUDGMENT is the ability to think
and come up with decisions based
on the observed situation.
TERMS TO ENCOUNTER
•OBJECTIVE is the state of being fair.
•PARTIAL is the ability to see the
parts rather than the whole.
•PERSPECTIVE refers to a person’s
thinking that shows fair and valid
judgment.
TERMS TO ENCOUNTER
•POINT OF VIEW pertains to a
person’s thinking that shows a
particular opinion about
something.
LET’S GO
DEEPER!
What is the difference between
holistic perspective and partial
point of view?
HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE
• It considers the “bigger picture”
when dealing with a particular
situation or problem.
• According to Aristotle the whole is
greater than its parts.
HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE
• It considers not only one perspective
but all other perspectives.
• This is supported by other
philosophical concepts:
HOLISM
•It holds the idea that a part cannot
determine a whole system because
the relationships or connections of
parts are independent of the
whole, only the whole can
determine its parts.
HOLISM
•The whole can determine the
structure and processes of its
parts.
•This concept can be expressed into
mathematical formula such as A +
B =C, where C is equal to A and B.
HOLISM
•But A is not equal to C, nor B is to
C.
•For instance, people perceive you
as loving and caring
HOLISM
•in holism, the idea of love itself is
not associated with you, but you as
a whole body system can be
associated with the idea of love as
it is part of your totality/wholeness
same with caring but not vice
versa.
HOLISM
•Thus, the thing that matters in
holism is the whole, and it defines,
determines, and associates its
parts, not the contrary.
EMERGENTISM
•It asserts that “complex systems
and patterns arise out of a
multiplicity of relatively simple
interactions”

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