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LAWS OF MOTION

The document outlines Newton's three laws of motion: the first law states that objects remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force; the second law defines force as the product of mass and acceleration (F = ma); and the third law asserts that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It also discusses concepts such as inertia, mass, weight, and types of friction. Additionally, it provides examples to illustrate these principles in real-world scenarios.

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Rythm Seth
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4 views30 pages

LAWS OF MOTION

The document outlines Newton's three laws of motion: the first law states that objects remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force; the second law defines force as the product of mass and acceleration (F = ma); and the third law asserts that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It also discusses concepts such as inertia, mass, weight, and types of friction. Additionally, it provides examples to illustrate these principles in real-world scenarios.

Uploaded by

Rythm Seth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Newton’s Contributions

• Calculus
• Light is composed of
rainbow colors
• Reflecting Telescope
• Laws of Motion
• Theory of Gravitation
Newton’s First Law
(law of inertia)

An object at rest tends to stay at rest


and an object in motion tends to stay
in motion unless acted upon by an
unbalanced force.
Balanced Force

Equal forces in opposite


directions produce no motion
Unbalanced Forces

Unequal opposing forces


produce an unbalanced force
causing motion
If objects in motion tend to stay in motion,
why don’t moving objects keep moving
forever?
Things don’t keep moving forever because
there’s almost always an unbalanced force
acting upon them.

A book sliding across a table slows


down and stops because of the
force of friction.

If you throw a ball upwards it will


eventually slow down and fall
because of the force of gravity.
Newton’s First Law
(law of inertia)
• MASS is the measure of the
amount of matter in an object.

• It is measured in Kilograms
Newton’s First Law
(law of inertia)
• INERTIA is a property of an object
that describes how
______________________
much it will resist change to the
motion of the object

• more _____
mass means more ____
inertia
1 Law
st

• Unless acted
upon by an
unbalanced
force, this golf
ball would sit
on the tee
forever.
What is this unbalanced force that
acts on an object in motion?

• There are four main types of friction:


– Sliding friction: ice skating
– Rolling friction: bowling
– Fluid friction (air or liquid): air or water
resistance
– Static friction: initial friction when moving an
object
1 Law
st

• Once airborne,
unless acted
on by an
unbalanced
force (gravity
and air – fluid
friction) it
would never
Inerti
a
Newton’s Second Law

Force equals
mass times
acceleration.

F = ma
Newton’s Second Law
• Force = Mass x Acceleration
• Force is measured in Newtons
ACCELERATION of GRAVITY(Earth) = 9.8 m/s2
• Weight (force) = mass x gravity (Earth)

Moon’s gravity is 1/6 of the Earth’s


If you weigh 420 Newtons on earth,
what will you weigh on the Moon?
70
Newtons
If your mass is 41.5Kg on Earth
what is your mass on the Moon?
Newton’s Second Law

• WEIGHT is a measure of the


gravity on the
force of ________
mass of an object

• measured in __________
Newtons
Newton’s Second Law
One rock weighs 5
Newtons.
The other rock weighs 0.5
Newtons. How much more
force will be required to
accelerate the first rock
at the same rate as the
second rock?
Ten times as
much
Newton’s Third Law

For every action there is an equal and


opposite reaction.
Newton’s 3 Law rd

• For every action there is an equal and


opposite reaction.

Book
to
earth Table to
book
Think about it . . .
What happens if you are standing on a
skateboard or a slippery floor and push
against a wall? You slide in the opposite
direction (away from the wall), because you
pushed on the wall but the wall pushed back
on you with equal and opposite force.

Why does it hurt so much when you stub


your toe? When your toe exerts a force on a
rock, the rock exerts an equal force back on
your toe. The harder you hit your toe
against it, the more force the rock exerts
back on your toe (and the more your toe
hurts).
Newton’s Third Law
• A bug with a mass of
5 grams flies into the
windshield of a
moving 1000kg bus.
• Which will have the
most force?
• The bug on the bus
• The bus on the bug
Newton’s Third Law
• The force would be
the same.
• Force (bug)= m x A

• Force (bus)= M x a

Think I look bad?


You should see
the other guy!
Action and Reaction on Different Masses

Consider you and the earth

Action: earth pulls on


you

Reaction: you pull on


earth
Action: tire pushes on road
Reaction: road pushes on tire
Reaction: gases push on
rocket

Action: rocket pushes on


gases
Consider hitting a baseball with a bat. If
we call the force applied to the ball by the
bat the action force, identify the reaction
force.

(a) the force applied to the bat by the hands


(b) the force applied to the bat by the ball
(c) the force the ball carries with it in flight
(d) the centrifugal force in the swing
Newton’s 3 Law rd

• The thing to do would be to take one of the tools


from your tool belt and throw it is hard as you
can directly away from the shuttle. Then, with
the help of Newton's second and third laws, you
will accelerate back towards the shuttle. As you
throw the tool, you push against it, causing it to
accelerate. At the same time, by Newton's third
law, the tool is pushing back against you in the
opposite direction, which causes you to
accelerate back towards the shuttle, as desired.
Newton’s 3 Law
rd

• Suppose you are taking a space


walk near the space shuttle, and
your safety line breaks. How
would you get back to the shuttle?
What Laws are
represented?
Review
Newton’s First Law:
Objects in motion tend to stay in motion
and objects at rest tend to stay at rest
unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Newton’s Second
Law:
Force equals mass times acceleration
(F = ma).

Newton’s Third Law:

For every action there is an equal and


opposite reaction.

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