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The Endocrine System

The endocrine system is a network of glands that produce hormones to regulate various bodily functions such as metabolism, growth, and mood. Key glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes, each playing specific roles in hormone production and regulation. Hormones like insulin, adrenaline, estrogen, and testosterone are crucial for maintaining homeostasis and supporting reproductive health.

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9 views14 pages

The Endocrine System

The endocrine system is a network of glands that produce hormones to regulate various bodily functions such as metabolism, growth, and mood. Key glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes, each playing specific roles in hormone production and regulation. Hormones like insulin, adrenaline, estrogen, and testosterone are crucial for maintaining homeostasis and supporting reproductive health.

Uploaded by

whatevercallme2
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The

endocrine
system
The endocrine system
is a group of glands that
produce hormones that
regulate the body's
metabolism, growth, and
mood. The endocrine
system also controls the
body's
Gland Antissues.
organ that
makes one or more
substances, such as
hormones, digestive
juices, sweat, tears, or
Hormones
are chemicals that
coordinate different
functions in your
body by carrying
messages through
your blood to your
organs, skin,
muscles and other
tissues. These
signals tell your
body what to do and
when to do it.
Hormones are
essential for life and
Hypothalamus:
•Located in the brain, the
hypothalamus regulates
many functions such as
temperature, hunger, and
the release of hormones
from other endocrine glands.
The pineal gland is a small
gland in the center of the
brain. It secretes melatonin,
which plays a role in the
circadian rhythms or body
clock. It may also affect bone
metabolism, mental health,
and other aspects of health.

Melatonin is a
hormone that your
brain produces in
response to darkness
Pituitary Gland or
hypophysis Known as the
"master gland," it is located
at the base of the brain and
releases hormones that
control other endocrine
glands. It has two parts: the
anterior pituitary (front) and
posterior pituitary (back).
Anterior lobe
•Growth hormone
•Prolactin (to stimulate milk production in the female breast)
•ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone which regulates the
adrenal glands )
•TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone which regulates the
thyroid gland )
•FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone which regulates the ovaries
and testes)
•LH (luteinizing hormone which regulates the ovaries or testes)

Posterior lobe
•ADH (antidiuretic hormone is actually produced in the
hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland; it
increases absorption of water by the kidneys. It also
increases blood pressure)
•Oxytocin (to contract the uterus during childbirth and
stimulate the release of milk during breastfeeding)
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-
shaped endocrine gland in the neck that
produces hormones that regulate many
of the body's functions.

The thyroid gland releases


triiodothyronine (T3) and
thyroxine (T4). These hormones
play an important role
in regulation of your weight,
energy levels, internal
temperature, skin, hair, nail
growth, and metabolism.
The parathyroid glands are a
set of small glands in the neck
that produce parathyroid
hormone (PTH). PTH regulates
calcium levels in the blood,
which is important for muscle
and nerve function
Thymus
•Located behind the sternum, the
thymus is involved in immune function
and produces thymosin, which helps in
the development of T-cells (immune
cells).
The adrenal glands are a pair
of small, triangular-shaped
glands that sit on top of each
kidney. They produce
hormones that control many
important bodily functions,
including blood pressure,
metabolism, and the body's
response to stress.

Adrenaline is a hormone
produced by the adrenal
glands that helps the body
respond to stressful or
dangerous situations. It's also
known as epinephrine
The pancreas a gland in the
abdomen that produces
digestive enzymes and
hormones. The endocrine function
involves producing insulin and
glucagon to regulate blood sugar
levels.
Ovaries (in females):
•The ovaries produce eggs and secrete
hormones like estrogen and
progesterone, which regulate
menstrual cycles, pregnancy, and
female reproductive development.
Testes (in males):
•The testes produce sperm and secrete
testosterone, which is responsible for
male sexual development and
function.

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