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ANSC01- Introduction to Animal Science

Animal Science encompasses the breeding, feeding, care, management, and marketing of animals for profit, evolving from its earlier term, Animal Husbandry. It involves both art and science to enhance animal production, which is vital for agriculture and contributes significantly to food, clothing, and livelihood. However, challenges such as high capital requirements, perishability of products, and disease management exist within the industry.

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Quel Perenia
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9 views22 pages

ANSC01- Introduction to Animal Science

Animal Science encompasses the breeding, feeding, care, management, and marketing of animals for profit, evolving from its earlier term, Animal Husbandry. It involves both art and science to enhance animal production, which is vital for agriculture and contributes significantly to food, clothing, and livelihood. However, challenges such as high capital requirements, perishability of products, and disease management exist within the industry.

Uploaded by

Quel Perenia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANSC01- Introduction

to Animal Science
Ramquel P. Tendido
Instructor I
College of Agriculture-Department of Animal Science
What is Animal Science
• The term Animal Science has evolved through the years form the
other terms. It was used to be Animal Husbandry in the previous
years.
• It is defined as the art, science and industry of breeding, feeding, care
and management, and marketing and processing of animals and their
products for the purpose of obtaining profit from the enterprise.
What is Animal Science
• As an art- selection of animals on the basis of beauty and good looks
in addition to production and performance.

• As a science- science is used to generate knowledge specifically in


animal production. Through experiments, datas are gathered to
determine the efficiency of production of farm animals and as bases
in selecting the desirable animals for breeding.
What is Animal Science
• As an industry- it is the combination of art and science to make
animal production a profitable activity.
Two Major Groups of Domesticated
Animals
• Mammals- animals that grow hairs and produce milk for their young
• Aves- Animals that grows feathers, lay eggs, have no teeth and no
diaphragm.
• Both of these groups of animals are Homeothermic-warm blooded
• Management of the animals environment is extremely important for
profitable production
Students of Animal Science must:
• Be willing to work closely with ranchers and farmers;
• Work with animals everyday;
• Keep updated with new technologies;
• Interested in animals;
• Self-motivated;
• Organized; and
• Respectful at the time-honored work of farming,
Advantages of Animal Production
• Crops and animals, together with the human population and the
natural endowments of a country, like bodies of water, forest and land
are the wealth of nation.
‘’A nation that is poor in livestock is never rich while a nation that is rich
in livestock is never poor”
3 countries in Asia that are
classified among the highly
developed countries
•Japan
•Australia
•New Zealand
Advantages of Animal Production
• Animal production is a form of progressive agriculture.
• It is the best type of diversified farming.
• Conversion of plant materials into valuable parts.
• Sources of good food for the family.
• Utilization of products of factories
• Animals improve soil fertility
• Animals makes good use of farm wastes
Advantages of Animal Production
• Animal production reduces living expenses
• Animal production is a fascinating work
Disadvantages of Animal Production
• Big capital is necessary to start animal project
• Animal products are perishable- Shelf life
• Diseases causes big losses
• Feed problems
• Marketing problems
• Transportation problems
• Prices of animals always lag behind those feeds
Brief History of Animal Production
Animal production perhaps began about 10,000 years ago, when man
started domesticating animals from the wild for his immediate and
continual needs. Man’s efforts in this regard deviated from killing and
destruction of animals especially for their products. In man’s renewed
attitude, captured animals were tendered through proper feeding,
breeding and application of other management practices, which have
led to favourable adaptation and multiplication within the confine of
human environment. As man further realised the potentials of farm
animals as sources of food, fibre, and income, greater attention and
efforts began to evolve to improve production and productivity.
Animal Contributions
• Food • 50% of farm income is derived from
the sales of livestock and related
• Clothing animals
• Livelihood • Meat is always most consumed
• Pleasure compare to plant products
• Work • We are caretakers and at the same
• Health Products time beneficiaries of animal
products
• By-products
Factors in Animals Production
• Genetics Note: The most
important factor of
• Nutrition animals production is
• Health the conversion of feed
• Management into food
Sources of World’s Protein by
Species
• Fish- 38%
• Pork- 23%
• Beef- 23%
• Poultry- 12%
• Lamb- 3%
• Goat- .8%
• Buffalo- .6%
• Horse- .4%
Feed Conversion Efficiency
Animal Product Protein Energy
• Eggs 26% 18%
• Milk 25% 17%
• Chicken Meat 23% 11%
• Turkey Meat 22% 9%
• Pork 14% 14%
• Beef 6% 3%
• Lamb 5% 2%
Livestock Production Trends
(past 200 years up to now)
• Beef Cattle
• Upward with peaks and valleys
• Cow’s number were highest in 1976
• Currently, cow’s number decreased
• Production has been supported by heavier carcasses
Livestock Production Trends

• Dairy cattle
• Steadily lower since 1945
• Current cow number shows a little fluctuation
• Milk production generally goes up
Livestock Production Trends

• Sheep
• Ewe numbers down dramatically (80%)
• Development of synthetic textiles
• Complicated production management
• Lower demand for mutton and lamb
Livestock Production Trends

• Swine
• Steady production with significant yearly fluctuations
• Substantially reduced number of hogs farms
• Tremendous modifications of type and end product
• Excellent marketing
Livestock Production Trends

• Laying hens
• Sharp decline in numbers and production since 1970
• Cholesterol scare
• Tremendous production efficiency increases over the extended period
Point of Reflection

Are you in favor with our system


that “ Farm animals are raised
only for food regardless of their
feelings?”

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