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Sources-of-Energy SHS

The document discusses various sources of energy, focusing on fossil fuels, geothermal energy, and hydroelectric energy. It explains how geothermal power plants operate, the formation and environmental impacts of fossil fuels, and the mechanics of hydroelectric systems, along with their ecological concerns. Additionally, it outlines strategies to mitigate environmental issues associated with fossil fuels and renewable energy sources.

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Maisa Pagalaran
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2 views

Sources-of-Energy SHS

The document discusses various sources of energy, focusing on fossil fuels, geothermal energy, and hydroelectric energy. It explains how geothermal power plants operate, the formation and environmental impacts of fossil fuels, and the mechanics of hydroelectric systems, along with their ecological concerns. Additionally, it outlines strategies to mitigate environmental issues associated with fossil fuels and renewable energy sources.

Uploaded by

Maisa Pagalaran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GROUP 2

Sources of
Energy
Table of contents

 FOSSIL FUEL
 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
 HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY
How is heat from inside the
earth tapped as a source of
energy for humans?
People can capture geothermal energy
through Geothermal power plants,
which use heat from deep inside the
earth to generate steam to make
electricity.
How do geothermal
power plants are made?
GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS ARE MADE BY
DRILLING WELLS INTO THE EARTH AND THEN
PIPING STEAM OR HOT WATER TO THE
SURFACE. THE HOT WATER OR STEAM POWERS
A TURBINE THAT GENERATES ELECTRICITY.
Where usually geothermal energy can be found?

• Most of geothermal energy are found in the "Pacific Ring of fire "
where usually experience a lot of earthquakes and volcanic
eruptions.
• Because hot magma is very close to the Earth's surface there.
• Geothermal energy can be found near the boundaries of tectonic
plates where most of volcanoes are located.
Fossil Fuels

• A carbon compound or hydrocarbon-containing material


formed naturally in the Earth's crust from the buried
remains of prehistoric organisms, a process that occurs
within geological formations.
• Are energy-rich substances formed from the remains of
ancient plants and animals that have been buried for
millions of years under layers of rock and sediment.
The three main types of Fossil Fuels
1. Coal - Formed from plant remains, primarily from the Carboniferous period, around 300-
360 million years ago.

2. Oil (Petroleum) - Formed from the remains of marine organisms, such as plankton and
algae, that have been buried for millions of years.

3. Natural Gas - Primarily composed of methane, formed from the remains of ancient plants
and animals that have been subjected to high temperatures and pressures over millions of
years.
Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources, meaning they cannot be replenished
naturally in a short period. They are a major source of energy worldwide, used to
power vehicles, generate electricity, and provide heat for buildings.

However, the extraction, transportation, and combustion of fossil fuels have


significant environmental impacts, including:

 Climate change: Fossil fuel combustion releases carbon dioxide and other
greenhouse gases, contributing to global warming.
 Air pollution: Fossil fuel combustion emits pollutants like particulate matter,
nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide, which can harm human health and the
environment.
 Water pollution: Fossil fuel extraction and transportation can lead to water
pollution, harming aquatic ecosystems.
WAYS TO ADDRESS ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS RELATED TO THE USE OF
FOSSIL FUELS.

1. Promote Renewable Energy


• Transition to clean energy sources such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, and
geothermal power.
• Encourage investment in renewable energy projects at local, national, and
global levels.
2. Enhance Energy Efficiency
• Use energy-efficient appliances, machinery, and building materials to reduce
energy consumption.
• Promote energy-saving practices like switching to LED lighting and using smart
thermostats.
WAYS TO ADDRESS ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS RELATED TO THE USE OF
FOSSIL FUELS.

3. Adopt Clean Transportation


• Transition to electric and hybrid vehicles to reduce emissions from
transportation.
• Expand public transportation networks and encourage carpooling.
• Promote the use of bicycles and walking in urban areas.
4. Implement Carbon Capture and Storage
• Develop technologies to capture carbon dioxide from power plants and
industrial processes.
• Store captured carbon in geological formations or reuse it in other applications,
such as making building materials.
WAYS TO ADDRESS ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS RELATED TO THE USE OF
FOSSIL FUELS.

5. Support Sustainable Practices


• Transition to sustainable fuels, such as biofuels derived from agricultural waste
or algae.
• Encourage sustainable agricultural and industrial practices to minimize
dependency on fossil fuels.
What is Geothermal Energy?
• Energy is heat within the earth. The word geothermal comes from the Greek
words geo (earth) and therme (heat). Geothermal energy is a renewable energy
source because heat is continuously produced inside the earth.
• Most geothermal resources are near the boundaries
of the earth’s tectonic plates. The most active
geothermal resources are usually found along major
tectonic plate boundaries where most volcanoes are
located.

One of the most active geothermal areas in the


world is called the Ring of Fire, which encircles the
Pacific Ocean.
Use of Geothermal Energy

Some applications of geothermal energy use the earth's temperatures


near the surface and others require drilling miles into the earth. There
are three main types of geothermal energy systems:

• Direct use and district heating systems


• Geothermal power plants
• Geothermal heat pumps
Geothermal Electricity
Generation

• Generation requires water or


steam at high temperatures
(300°F to 700°F).
• Are generally built where
geothermal reservoirs are
located, within a mile or two of
the earth's surface.
Geothermal Heat Pumps

• Use the constant temperatures


near the surface of the earth to
heat and cool buildings.
• Transfer heat from the ground (or
water) into buildings during the
winter and reverse the process in
the summer.
WAYS TO ADDRESS ENVIRONMENTAL
CONCERNS ABOUT GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

• Site selection - considering proximity to population


centers for community engagement and Choosing
locations away from fault to minimize induced seismic
activity.

• Water management - reinjecting used geothermal fluids back into


the reservoir to replenish the resource and prevent land
subsidence.
• Air quality control - installing hydrogen sulfide scrubbers
to remove the gas from emissions.

• Noise mitigation - implementing sound barriers and


mufflers on equipment.
Hydroelectric Energy

A form of renewable energy that


uses the power of moving water to
generate electricity.
HOW A HYDROELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM
WORKS?

 Flowing water is directed at a turbine.


 The flowing water causes the turbine to rotate,
converting the water’s kinetic energy into
mechanical energy.
• Ways to address environmental concerns related to the use of
hydroelectric energy:

1. Disruption of Aquatic Ecosystems:

• One major concern is the alteration of natural river ecosystems caused by


dam construction.
• To address this concern, mitigation measures such as fish ladders and fish
bypass systems can be implemented to allow fish to migrate upstream or
downstream.
2. Loss of Habitat and Land:

• Dam construction often requires flooding large areas, resulting in the loss of
valuable habitats, including forests and wetlands.
• Additionally, reforestation and habitat restoration programs can be
implemented to compensate for the loss of natural habitats.

3. Methane Emissions:

• Decaying organic matter in flooded areas can release methane, a potent


greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere.
• To address this concern, reservoir management strategies should include
the controlled release of water to reduce methane emissions.
4. Sedimentation:

• Reservoirs can accumulate sediment over time, leading to reduced water


storage capacity and downstream erosion.
• To mitigate sedimentation, sediment management plans should be
implemented, including regular dredging or sediment flushing operations.

5. Seismic Activity:

• In certain cases, the construction of large dams can trigger seismic activity or
induce earthquakes.
• To address this concern, thorough geological surveys and site-specific studies
should be conducted prior to dam construction.
• Implementing appropriate engineering techniques and monitoring systems
can help minimize the risk of seismic activity.
Hydroelectric energy is an important renewable energy source,
but it is crucial to address the environmental concerns associated
with its use. By implementing mitigation measures such as fish
passage systems, habitat restoration programs, sediment
management plans, and careful site selection, we can minimize
the negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems, wildlife habitats, and
overall environmental health
Thank you
GROUP 2

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