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SOIL MECHANICS-I (Introduction)

The document provides an introduction to Soil Mechanics, defining soil from various perspectives including those of pedologists, geologists, and engineers. It outlines the disciplines within soil mechanics, such as geotechnical engineering, soil dynamics, and foundation engineering, and discusses the formation of soil through weathering and transportation processes. Additionally, it highlights the different types of soils produced by these processes and their characteristics.

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20 views9 pages

SOIL MECHANICS-I (Introduction)

The document provides an introduction to Soil Mechanics, defining soil from various perspectives including those of pedologists, geologists, and engineers. It outlines the disciplines within soil mechanics, such as geotechnical engineering, soil dynamics, and foundation engineering, and discusses the formation of soil through weathering and transportation processes. Additionally, it highlights the different types of soils produced by these processes and their characteristics.

Uploaded by

Abiz Man
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY

ENGINEERING FACULTY
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Soil Mechanics –I (CE- 321)


Prerequisite Course
Hydraulics –I and Engineering Mechanics-I
Chapter 1:
Introduction To soil Mechanics
Instructor : Tadesse A.
SOIL MECHANICS-I
Definition of Soil

SOIL AND SOIL ENGINEERING


* The term Soil has various meanings, depending
upon the general field in which it is being
considered.
*To a Pedologist ... Soil is the substance existing
on the earth's surface, which grows and develops
plant life.
*To a Geologist..... Soil is the material in the
relative thin surface zone within which roots
occur, and all the rest of the crust is grouped
under the term ROCK irrespective of its hardness.
Definition con’t
 *To an Engineer.... Soil is the un-
aggregated or un-cemented deposits
of mineral and/or organic
particles or fragments covering large
portion of the earth's crust.
 ** Soil Mechanics is one of the
youngest disciplines of Civil
Engineering involving the study of
soil, its behavior and application as an
engineering material.
Definition con’t
 *According to Terzaghi (1948): "Soil
Mechanics is the application of laws of
mechanics and hydraulics to
engineering problems dealing with
sediments and other unconsolidated
accumulations of solid particles
produced by the mechanical and
chemical disintegration of rocks
regardless of whether or not they
contain an admixture of organic
constituent."
Disciplines in soil Mechanics
 * Geotechnical Engineering..... Is a broader term
for Soil Mechanics.
 * Geotechnical Engineering contains:
 - Soil Mechanics (Soil Properties and Behavior)
 - Soil Dynamics (Dynamic Properties of Soils,
Earthquake Engineering, Machine Foundation)
 - Foundation Engineering (Deep & Shallow
Foundation)
 - Pavement Engineering (Flexible & Rigid
Pavement)
 - Rock Mechanics (Rock Stability and Tunneling)
 - Geosynthetics (Soil Improvement)
Formation of Soil

* Soil material is the product of rock
 * The geological process that produce
soil is
 WEATHERING (Chemical and
Physical).
 * Variation in Particle size and shape
depends on:
 - Weathering Process
 - Transportation Process
Formation of Soil con’t
* Variation in Soil Structure Depends on:

- Soil Minerals
- Deposition Process
 * Transportation and Deposition
 Four forces are usually cause the transportation and
deposition of soils
 1- Water ----- Alluvial Soil 1- Fluvial
 2- Estuarine
 3- Lacustrine
 4- Coastal
 5- Marine
Formation of Soil con’t
 What type of soils are usually produced by the
different weathering & transportation process??
 - Boulders
 - Gravel Cohesionless
 - Sand (Physical)
 - Silt Cohesive
 - Clay (Chemical)
 * These soils can be
 - Dry
 - Saturated - Fully
 - Partially
 * Also they have different shapes and textures

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