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The document explains the decimal system (base-10) as a positional numeral system where the value of a digit is determined by its position. It also discusses the conversion of binary (base-2) numbers to decimal and vice versa using expanded notation and sequential division by 2. Additionally, it mentions other numeral bases such as base-60, base-20, and base-12.

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5 views

Ch1_decimal2binary_binary2decimal - Copy

The document explains the decimal system (base-10) as a positional numeral system where the value of a digit is determined by its position. It also discusses the conversion of binary (base-2) numbers to decimal and vice versa using expanded notation and sequential division by 2. Additionally, it mentions other numeral bases such as base-60, base-20, and base-12.

Uploaded by

2491178958
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Number Systems

Mohammad Ali Javidian


Decimal System (base-10
positional numeral system)
• The prefix deci means "ten“,
• The decimal system is a positional system;
A positional system is a numeral system in which the contribution of a digit to the
value of a number is the value of the digit multiplied by a factor determined by the
position of the digit.
• Example: In so-called expanded notation, we have
3572 = 3(1000) + 5(100) + 7(10) + 2(1)

3 5 7 2

• 10 is called the base and the number in each cell (position) is less than 10.
Can you think of another base in the
history of human beings?
• base-60
• base-20
• base-8
• base-12
• base-32
How to convert a binary (base 2)
number to a decimal number?
• In the binary (or base 2) number system, numbers are written as sums of
powers of 2. So, we use the expanded notation as follows:

…
…

Note
We indicate the base of a number, when the base is not 10, as a subscript to the
lower right of that number. If the number is a base 10 number, no subscript is
written.
Example 1: How to convert a
binary (base 2) number to a
decimal number?
…
…

Example 1: Convert to decimal.


Solution:
Example 2: How to convert a
binary (base 2) number to a
decimal number?
…
…

Example 1: Convert to decimal.


Solution:
How to convert a decimal number to
binary?
• For this purpose, we use the sequential division by 2 as shown in the
following examples:
• Example 3. Convert 29 to binary.
How to convert a decimal number to
binary?
• For this purpose, we use the sequential division by 2 as shown in the
following examples:
• Example 4. Convert 64 to binary.

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