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PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY

Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory outlines eight stages of personality development across a person's lifespan, each characterized by a psychosocial crisis that must be resolved for healthy growth. Key elements include ego identity, ego strength, and conflict, with successful navigation leading to positive traits and failure resulting in negative ones. The stages range from trust vs. mistrust in infancy to integrity vs. despair in late adulthood, emphasizing the importance of social and environmental influences on personality formation.

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13 views15 pages

PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY

Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory outlines eight stages of personality development across a person's lifespan, each characterized by a psychosocial crisis that must be resolved for healthy growth. Key elements include ego identity, ego strength, and conflict, with successful navigation leading to positive traits and failure resulting in negative ones. The stages range from trust vs. mistrust in infancy to integrity vs. despair in late adulthood, emphasizing the importance of social and environmental influences on personality formation.

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LG
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PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY

-Erik Erikson
INTRODUCTION
Erik Erikson's "psychosocial theory" is a
developmental theory that proposes that
personality develops throughout a person's
lifespan through a series of eight stages, each
marked by a "psychosocial crisis" that individuals
must successfully navigate to achieve healthy
development; these stages focus on social and
environmental factors that influence personality
formation, unlike Freud's more purely
psychosexual focus on early childhood
experiences.
ELEMENTS OF
PSYCHOSOCIAL
THEORY OF
•EGODEVELOPMENT
IDENTITY
• EGO STRENGTH
• CONFLICT
EGO IDENTITY -refers to a person's
conscious sense of self, developed through
social interactions, which provides a
coherent and stable understanding of who
they are, allowing them to navigate
different situations and maintain a sense of
continuity throughout their life
EGO STRENGTH - refers to a positive
psychological quality developed at each stage of
development, representing the ability to
successfully navigate the challenges of that stage
and emerge with a sense of mastery and
competence, essentially acting as a positive coping
mechanism throughout life; it is considered a key
element in building a healthy personality.
CONFLICT-refers to a central tension or
challenge that individuals face at each
stage of development, where they must
navigate between two opposing
psychological states, with successful
resolution leading to a positive
personality trait and failure resulting in a
negative one
STAGES OF PSYCHOSOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT
1. Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy: 0-18
months)
Conflict: The infant depends on caregivers
for basic needs. If care is consistent and
loving, the child develops trust; if not,
mistrust arises.
Virtue: Hope – The belief that the world is
2.Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
(Toddler: 1-3 years)
Conflict: The child starts to explore
independence (e.g., potty training, choosing
clothes). Supportive guidance fosters
autonomy, while excessive criticism leads to
shame and doubt.
Virtue: Will – The ability to make choices
confidently.
3. Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool Age: 3-6
years)
Conflict: Children begin to take initiative
through play and decision-making.
Encouragement helps them develop
leadership, while discouragement leads to
guilt.
Virtue: Purpose – The courage to initiate
activities and take responsibility.
4. Industry vs. Inferiority (School Age: 6-12
years)
Conflict: Children work on skills (academics,
sports, social interactions). Success builds a
sense of industry, while repeated failure leads
to feelings of inferiority.
Virtue: Competence – Confidence in one’s
abilities.
5.Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence:
12-18 years)
Conflict: Teens explore their identity (career,
beliefs, values). If they succeed, they develop
a strong sense of self; if not, they face
confusion about their role in society.
Virtue: Fidelity – The ability to remain true to
oneself and commit to values.
6. Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood:
18-40 years)
Conflict: Young adults seek deep relationships.
Success leads to close, loving connections,
while failure results in loneliness and isolation.
Virtue: Love – The ability to form meaningful
and lasting relationships.
7. Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle
Adulthood: 40-65 years)
Conflict: Contributing to society (career,
family). Productivity brings fulfillment; self-
centeredness leads to stagnation.
Virtue: Care – Commitment to guiding the
next generation.
8.Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood: 65+
years)
Conflict: Reflecting on life. Satisfaction leads
to integrity; regret causes despair.
Virtue: Wisdom – Acceptance of life with a
sense of completeness.
THANK YOU

- Mary Queen
Arlante

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