如何让议论文介绍段简洁明了

议论文介绍段的基本原则

• 1. 简单模板句引出争论 + 预告个人观点

• 2. 改写原题观点 / 原题现象 + 预告个人观点

• 3. 从题目中提炼出事实来作为背景句 + ( 如有必要 1/2) + 预告个人观点

• Discuss both views and give your opinion.
 常见的两种写法

• 1. 提炼争论 ( 模板句 ) + 个人观点

• 2. 来自题目的事实 ( 从 A/B 观点里找到共通点 ) + 个人观点

• Some people think that living in vertical cities with
many tall buildings is good for their life and work,
while others believe that horizontal cities with fewer
high buildings are better. Discuss both views and give
your opinion.
 提炼争论版

• People have different views about whether a city

should build more high-rise buildings or limit the
height of them. From my point of view, both types of
construction are equally important to people’s life
and work but they should be located in different
parts of a city to make the best use of them.
 写出事实版—观点 A 和 B 都改写成事实

• Some cities have a large number of high-rise

buildings, while in others there is a limit to the height
of buildings. From my point of view, both types of
construction are equally important to people’s life
and work but they should be located in different
parts of a city to make the best use of them.
Some people think that strict punishments for driving
offences are the key to reducing traffic accidents.
Others, however, believe that other measures would be
more effective in improving road safety. Discuss both
these views and give your own opinion.
 引出争论版

People have differing views with regard to the question

of how to make our roads safer. In my view, while
punishing traffic offenders strictly helps to improve
road safety, a range of other measures can be more
effective to promote better driving habits.
 写出事实版—观点 A 和 B 之间共通的事实

In order to make roads safer, governments have been

seeking the best solution. In my view, while punishing
traffic offenders strictly helps to improve road safety, a
range of other measures can be more effective to
promote better driving habits.
Some people think that in the modern world we are
more dependent on each other, while others think that
people have become more independent. Discuss both
views and give your own opinion.
 基本无事实可说，用模板句引出争论就好了

People have different views about whether we are

more or less dependent on others nowadays. Although
some people have their reasons to say they depend
more on others than before, I believe that modern life
forces us to be more independent than people were in
the past.
• Some people think that playing computer games is
negative to children in every way, while others
believe that there are positive effects. Discuss both
views and give your own opinion.
 引出争论结构

• Opinions are divided on whether children should be

allowed to play computer games. In my opinion,
while there have been complaints about problems
caused by children’s obsession with these games, the
effects are not absolutely negative.
 写出事实结构 -- 观点 A 和 B 之间共通的事实

• Many people, and children in particular, enjoy playing

computer games. In my opinion, while there have
been complaints about problems caused by
children’s obsession with these games, the effects
are not absolutely negative.
• Some people believe that studying at university or
college is the best route to a successful career, while
others believe that it is better to get a job straight
after school. Discuss both views and give your
opinion.
 引出争论型

• People have different views about whether teenagers

should get a job or continue their education after
they finish high school. While there are some
benefits to getting a job straight after school, I would
argue that it is better to go to college or university.
 写出事实型 -- 观点 A 和 B 之间共通的事实

• When they finish school, teenagers face the dilemma

of whether to get a job or continue their education.
While there are some benefits to getting a job
straight after school, I would argue that it is better to
go to college or university.
写出事实型 ( 很特殊的一个版本—用一个观点作为事实背景，另一个观点作为个人
观点 )

• Some young people choose to start to work after

graduating from high school. While starting to work
earlier helps with their career development, I believe
that receiving education beyond school level is a
superior decision to achieve a successful career.
• 注意：介词 about 后面只能连接名词短语或者完整疑问句。
• Report/Two Questions
• 改写原题 + 承上启下
• 从原文里找到新的主语
• In many countries schools have severe
problems with students’ behavior. What do
you think are the causes? What solutions do
you suggest?

• Poor student behavior seems to be an

increasingly widespread problem in many
countries. I think that modern lifestyles are
probably responsible for this. （提前总结型过渡）
• Children and teenagers are committing more
crimes than before. What do you think are the
causes? How should they be punished?

• The number of crimes committed by children

and teenagers has been increasing. I think that
there are two major reasons that can explain
this. （空话型过渡）
• Some employers think that formal academic qualifications are
more important than life experiences and personal qualities
when they look for an employee. Why is it the case? Is it a
positive or negative development?

• Formal educational qualifications are believed to be more

important than life experiences and personality traits when a
company is recruiting new staffs. From my point of view, this
criterion of choosing employees can be explained by the
following reasons. （空话型过渡）
• 基础句型的互相切换能很快改写原题 ( 注意词性切换 ) 。
 主谓主系表

• The average weight of citizens has been increasing in

many countries. What do you think are the causes?
What solutions do you suggest?

• Many countries across the world are faced with the

problem of obesity. I think that unhealthy lifestyles of
today’s people are the causes of this problem. （提前总
结型过渡）
 主谓宾— > 主系表

• People know little about their neighbors. What do

you think are the causes? What solutions do you
suggest?

• The lack of communication and interaction between

neighbors seems to be common in many countries. I
believe that modern lifestyles are responsible for
this. （提前总结型过渡）
•
 主谓宾 there be 结构

• Children and teenagers are committing more crimes

than before. What do you think are the causes? How
should they be punished?

• There has been an increase in the number of crimes

committed by children and teenagers. I think that the
causes of teenagers committing more crimes are
poor parenting and media influence. （提前总结型过渡）
 修饰名词 + 改换词性

• International travel sometimes makes people

prejudiced rather than broad-minded. What do you
think are the reasons? What can be done to increase
understandings of tourists about the country they
visit.

• 参考答案： Sometimes, people who travel internationally

have prejudice against the country they visit. I think
that tourists’ prejudice is mainly caused by cultural
differences. （提前总结型过渡）
• To what extent do you agree or disagree ？
 三种可能

• 1. 改写原题观点 + I believe that……( 尽量清晰明了的一句话，能起到预告的作

用)

• 2. 改写原题观点 + I totally agree with this opinion.

• 3. 改写原题观点 + I completely disagree with this opinion.

• Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and
pollution problems. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this
opinion?

• 版本一： It is sometimes argued that the increase in the price of fuels can be
the best solution to problems related to traffic and environment. I
completely disagree with this opinion.

• 版本二： It is sometimes argued that the increase in the price of fuels can be
the best solution to problems related to traffic and environment. Although
higher fuel prices can reduce the number of cars on the street, I don’t
believe that a simple rise in the price is enough.
• Some people think that instead of preventing climate change,
we need to find a way to live with it. Do you agree or
disagree?

• It is believed that human beings should explore new

technology to live with climate change rather than stop it
from becoming worse. My view is that while we have no
choice but to adapt to the changing environment, just doing
so is not enough.
• Some people believe that university students should pay all
the cost of studies because university education only
benefits the students themselves not the society as a whole.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

• Some people argue that the cost of receiving university

education should be solely paid by the students because the
society does not benefits from the education. I believe that
higher education brings benefits to both individuals and the
whole society, so the cost of it should be a shared
responsibility.
• Foreign visitors should pay more than local visitors
for cultural and historical attractions. To what extent
do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

• It is sometimes argued that tourists from overseas

should be charged more than local residents to visit
important sites and monuments. I completely
disagree with this opinion.
• Advertisements discourage us from being different individuals
and make us become what they want us to be and look the
same. Do you agree or disagree?

• It is sometimes thought that advertisements result in people

becoming increasingly similar and that they discourage
individuality. In my opinion, advertising certainly does
promote conformity amongst certain people but most people
will always make their own individual choices which will make
them appear different.
• Families who send their children to private schools should
not be required to pay taxes that support the state
education system. To what extent do you agree or disagree
with this statement?

• Some people believe that parents of children who attend

private schools should not need to contribute to state
schools through taxes. Although these parents pay all the
cost of their children’s education, I believe that they still
need to make contributions to the public education system
through paying the tax.
• 有人认为在城市空旷地带种更多树比修建更多房屋更重要。你是否赞同此观点。

• Some people suggest that open space of a city should be used

to plant more trees rather than build more houses. While
having more trees helps with improvements of environmental
conditions, I believe that the government ought to prioritize
satisfying citizens’ needs of residence.