Nature of Inquiry and PRACTICAL

Research
RESEARCH 1:
MODULE 1

Ms. Khate A. Pineda

Objectives
a.Define what is research.
b.Give the importance of research in
daily life.
c.Enumerate the characteristics,
processes, and ethics of research.
d.Differentiate Quantitative to
Qualitative Research.
 INTRODUCTION
Nowadays society has Research is a In this lesson,
many forms of problems process of you will
that require solutions. inquiring about the conduct
These solutions must be solution to the research with a
based on facts, valid problem, collecting vision to seek
investigations, data, and logically information and
experiences and not just evaluating solution to a
on mere beliefs and information. To problem. You
suggestions. Indeed, to develop good will look for an
attain such knowledge research, one in-depth
and accuracy, a must investigate evaluation of
systematic procedure reliable everything that
 MODULE
Importance of Research in Daily Life 1:LESSON 1
 What is Research?
Crawford, as cited by
Alcantara & Espina
Walker (2010) (1995)
• Research is an organized • Research is a verified
investigation and study of approach of thinking
materials and sources to create
facts and reach new inferences. and employing legalized
Research has come up with instruments and steps
developing appropriate solutions to to obtain a more
improve the individual’s quality of adequate solution to a
life. Although it may take place in a problem that is otherwise
different setting and may use impossible to address under
different methods, scientific research
is universally a systematic and ordinary means.
objective search for reliable
In most cases, research helps society to answer the WHAT and HOW questions. It must be
a proper investigation and should reach a valid conclusion that would facilitate the finding
of answers to the questions. Some of these questions are: How can research affect society?
What is the impact of the research to daily life?
2 Categories of Research

1. Basic Research

This is the type of research that is a

purely direct application but increasing
the nature of understanding about the
problem. It develops the scientific
theories to be more understandable to
the readers.
2 Categories of Research

2. Applied Research
It is a type of research that needs an
answer to a specific question. It
provides solutions and validation in
order to apply to the real setting.
 Formulating
Recommendation based Module 1:Lesson
on Conclusions 2
Activity 1

• Directions: Write possible steps/processes in the given

situations below.
Activity 1
CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES, AND
ETHICS IN RESEARCH
Prieto, et.al. (2017) stated that the following are the major
characteristics of research:
1. EMPIRICAL
- Is based on observations and experiments of
theories.
2.
SYSTEMATIC
- Follows orderly and sequential procedures, based
on valid procedures and principles.
CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES, AND
ETHICS IN RESEARCH

3.
- In research, all variables, except those that are
CONTROLLED
tested/ experimented on, are kept constant

4. EMPLOYS
HYPOTHESIS
- Refers to a search for facts, answers to questions
and solutions to problems.
CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES, AND
ETHICS IN RESEARCH

5. OBJECTIVE
- it is unbiased and logical. All findings are
logically based on real-life situations.

6. ORIGINAL WORK
- it requires its own examination and produces the
data needed to complete the study.
It is said that research can be done
in different ways. It can be either a
well-planned and methodical
process that is based on keen
observation and concrete and
valid evaluation. Integration is the
best way to evaluate the validity
of a certain study.
Prieto, et.al. (2017) also added that the following
are involved in the Research Processes:

1. DEFINE RESEARCH PROBLEM What is the problem?

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE What evidence is already presented?

3. FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS How are we going to find/look for the

answer to questions being studied?
Prieto, et.al. (2017) also added that the following
are involved in the Research Processes:

4. RESEARCH DESIGN Where will the study be shown and

with what population?

5. COLLECTING DATA Are we ready to gather the data?

Where do we find the data?

6. ANALYZING DATA How do the data answer the research

queries?

7. INTERPRET AND REPORT What are the implications of the

results?
Ethical Codes and Policies for Research,
Resnik, 2007
Given the importance of ethics in the conduct of a research, you will
follow codes and policies for research:

Honesty Maintain all communication. Data

should not be faked.

Objectivity Avoid biases in experimental designs,

data analysis, interpretation, expert
testimony, and other aspects of
research.
Integrity Keep your promises and agreements.

Carefulness Avoid careless errors and negligence.

Openness Share data, results, ideas and tools.

Be open to criticism and new ideas.
Ethical Codes and Policies for Research,
Resnik, 2007
Given the importance of ethics in the conduct of a research, you will
follow codes and policies for research:

Responsible Publication Avoid duplicating publications.

Responsible Mentoring Help to educate, mentor, and advise

others.

Respect Colleagues Treat all peers fairly.

Social Responsibility Strive to promote social good. Avoid

social harm.

Non - Discrimination avoid discrimination against

colleagues or students on the basis of
sex, races, ethnicity, and or others.
Ethical Codes and Policies for Research,
Resnik, 2007
Given the importance of ethics in the conduct of a research, you will
follow codes and policies for research:

Legality Be informed and obey relevant

laws and institutional
governmental policies.
Respect of Intellectual Property Give proper acknowledgment or
credits to all researchers.

Human Subject Minimize risks that involve human

lives, dignity, and privacy.
Activity #2: Directions: Match the characteristics
of a research from Column A to Column B.
Qualitative Research and Quantitative Module 1: Lesson
3
Research
 Quantitative VS Qualitative

QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
• is a positivist scientific • is defined as the “naturalistic
method which refers to a method of research which
general set of orderly deals with the concern of
discipline procedures to human difficulty by
acquire information (Beck, discovering it straightly.”
(Beck, 2004)
2004).
• It is concerned with the
• Mostly, it is concerned with experiences, understanding
numbers and measurement. and words of the individual.
Thank you!!