• TANIMOMO DAMILOLA VICTORIA

• WILLIAMS OLASUNKANMI WAHEED

• OJELABI FAVOUR AKINDEJI
• ODESANMI ADESOLA.
 INTRODUCTION

The term ‘HYDROPONICS’ can be simply defined as a concept of cultivation of plants in a

nutrient solution rather than soil, this concept of which is a subset of ‘HYDROCULTURE’.
The main significance of Hydroponics or Hydroponic vegetation is the ability of not
making use of soil but simply water and its nutrients with inner growing mediums such as
Clay pebbles, Rockwool, Perlite, Vermiculite, Coconut Fiber, Grow stones, Lobber rocks,
amongst many others. Hydroponics has many systems to which it works and also gives
equal yield or more than plants in the earth soil.
This method is one which has also proven more flexible than the regular soil planting, due
to the various systems available they can be arranged to desired taste both on the interior
and exterior of buildings, farmlands, or other agricultural institutes.
 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

• To make understand the basic concept of ‘HYDROPONICS’.

• To show it’s advantages and disadvantages.

• To show its various systems.

• To define it’s essence, relation to Architecture

and Environmental Science.
LITERATURE REVIEW

Based on introduction and research made about the topic ‘HYDROPONICS’,

it is proven that this system presently is a widely acceptable method
towards the planting of crops and plants both on/in buildings for the
betterment of the environment and consumption. It is noted that this
method does not reduce the yield instead it is equivalent or at times more
to that of the field. This method can be traced down history to 1627 in the
book of Sylva Sylvarum or a Natural History by Francis Baron that was
printed after his death. Water culture became a popular research after that
in 1699 by John Woodward. Research continued not until 1929 when a
botanist named William Frederick Gericke gave it the term ‘hydroponic’.
This system consists of various methods based on individual opinions,
methods to be adopted, purpose and area of application.
DIFFERENT SYSTEM TYPES OF HYDROPONIC
VEGETATION

Simplest system
• WICK SYSTEM

Most commonly used System

• DRIP SYSTEM
• EBB AND FLOW SYSTEM( FLOOD AND
DRAIN)
• DEEP WATER CULTURE( DWC)

Other systems
• NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE(NFT)
• AEROPONICS
 WICK SYSTEM EBB AND FLOW SYSTEM
DRIP SYSTEM
• This is a simple • Uses submerged pump and
• This is the most popular
passive hydroponic timer to flood the grow bed
hydroponic system.
system. with nutrient solution.
• Slow feed of nutrient • After flooding, the nutrient
• No timers and solution drains back into
solution, dripped into root
pumps are used. reservoir with the assistance
zone then recycled back into
the reservoir. of siphons or piping.
• Not an adequate • Cycle repeats numerous
method of growing • Not an adequate method of times per day, allowing plants
plants. to experience periods of
growing plants.
wetness and dryness.
 DEEP WATER CULTURE NUTRIENT FILM AEROPONICS
TECHNIQUE
• Simplest active • Roots are suspending
hydroponic system. • Nutrient solutions flow in air and misted with a
through channels and nutrient solution.
• Roots are suspended in over bare roots.
oxygenated nutrient • Frequent misting is
solution. • Allows for fast growth crucial to keep the
in a limited space. plant alive.
• No flooding, no
draining, no timer • Not for large or fruiting • Can be a challenge to
required. plants. maintain.
 ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• Plant can be grown anyhow • Planting requires diligence.

• Better control over plant growth • High capital cost.
• Its eliminates some tasks of soil based systems • Not all plants can be grown.
• Conserve water and nutrients. • Requires technical growth.
• Provide the highest yield per area. • Very reliant on mechanical systems.
• ‘Transplanting shock’ is less than in soil. • High consumption of electricity.
• Provision of farming opportunities in urban areas. • Provision of farming opportunities in urban areas.
• It help in the reduction of carbon in congested urban • Can cause serious problems to the building when not
areas. properly maintained.
• It serves also as a means of production of food in • High cost of maintenance.
urban area.
• It enhances the feel of nature.
• When properly planned along buildings it helps in
provision of more comfort.
• Can be built in a small area.
 CASE STUDIES

• PASONA HQ URBAN FARM.

The vast number of high buildings constructed of concrete and glass makes
Tokyo one of the places you’d expect to find fresh produce. That was until a
recent movement integrating farm space and urban hydroponics with other
aspects of this expansive concrete jungle was put into motion.

PASONA, a recruitment agency, incorporated vegetation both indoors and

outdoors at their Marunouchi location to carry out the concept ‘coexist with
nature’. Here, every floor has space dedicated to vegetation. New York Firm
Kono Designs created the Urban farm in the year 2010, a nine-storey office
building to allow the employees to grow and harvest their own food at work.
They said that apart from the provision of more food into the economy, this
helps improve lifestyle and preservation of nature even in the most of urban
areas. This renovated 50 year old urban farm and eco office dedicated
considerable space to hydroponic and soil based farming which offers several
benefits such as – shading to reduce energy use and enhanced air quality to
improve the health of the employees.
 The project consists of a double skin façade, offices, an
auditorium, cafeterias, a rooftop garden, and most notably,
urban farming facilities integrated within the building. Inside the
19,974 square metre office building, there are 3995 square
metres (over 20%) dedicated to green space that house over 200
species of plants, fruits, vegetables and rice that are harvested,
prepared and served at the cafeterias within the building. It is
the largest and most direct farm-to-table of its kind ever realized
inside an office building in japan.

ARCHITECTS LOCATION YEAR OF COMPLETION

Yoshimi Kono Tokyo, Japan. 2010

(Kono Designs)
• MUSEE DU QUAI BRANLY, PARIS,
FRANCE.

This is a museum featuring one of the ,most famous indigenous arts and
cultures of Africa, Asia, Oceania, and the Americas. The museum has four
buildings occupying 30,000 square metres, which along the garden costs over
233 million euros to construct.

This building is situated near the very popular Eiffel tower of Paris. The
building was designed by JEAN NOUVEL, and the façade measures
approximately 1,200 metres. Yet its most iconic feature is the stunning and
now iconic 200 metres long by 12 metres tall living wall covering the entire
northwest façade, punctured by large windows.

With its vegetative properties designed by botanist PATRICK BLANC using

his hydroponic Le Vegetal system, the Musee du quai Branly is one of
Blanc’s famous vertical gardens, and one of the most highly photographed
in the world. One major quality this building holds is that the plants really
look like they are the structure – not just planted on top of it. This wall
contains over 15,000 plants varying in 150 different species.
This building has hydroponic feature on the interior also. As to some of
the walls inside can be found plantings on them. This is not only serving
as a general display of uniqueness due to the building type but also
contributing to the eco-friendly system. Patrick Blanc opposed the use of
thin films of nylons or glass of hi work not because he was concerned as
to how the public may damage it, or to how its maintenance seemed
impossible, I was because of its significance to nature. ‘why have a
garden when it purpose to life is covered’ he said in an interview. Several
system of hydroponic method was applied to this icon, such as ( nutrient
film technique(NFT), ebb and flow, aeroponics.

ARCHITECT GREEN WALL DESIGNER CONSTRUCTION

PROJECT DIRECTOR
Jean Nouvel Patrick Blanc Isabelle Guillauic

YEAR OWNER TYPE LOCATION

2005 Musee du quai Branly Museum Paris, France.
 RELEVANCE TO ARCHITECTURE AND
ENVIROMENTAL SCIENCE

• Reduction of Carbon (di) oxide in the buildings and the environment.

• Reduction in the temperature of the environment thereby increasing comfort rate.
• Production of more crops to the economy reducing the import rate and production of fresh foods.
• It helps in enhancing beauty in present and future contemporary designs.
• When properly planned alongside building, been an eco-friendly approach, is used for sustainability of the
building.