Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

4
“THE HISTORY OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY”

MS. RUTH F. CESISTA

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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

“THE HISTORY OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY”

• describe the history of hospitality

industry;
• explain the origin of tourism and
hospitality in the Philippines; and
• identify the international travel patterns.
 NO. 4
Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

In order to truly appreciate the tourism and

hospitality industry, it is important to understand
its historical origin. A person cannot project he
future without understanding the past.
Philosophers say it another way: “Knowledge is
telling the past. Wisdom is predicting the future.”
In line with this philosophy, this chapter will
explore the history of this marvelous industry
called tourism and hospitality.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PRE-ASSESSMENT
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE

1. Tourism is derived from the Hebrew word torah

which means studying, learning, or traveling.

2. The term “spa” is derived from the Walloon

word espa meaning “fountain”.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PRE-ASSESSMENT
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE

3. The two forms of early tourism are travel for

business and travel for pleasure.

4. Thomas Cook was the first to run a special

excursion train trip from Leicester to
Loughborough in 1841.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PRE-ASSESSMENT
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE

5. The travel for education was introduced by the

American.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

ANCIENT PERIOD
• hospitality
industry began
with Sumerians
• Sumerians
became skilled
farmers and cattle
breeders.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

ANCIENT PERIOD

• They invented
money and writings
for business
transactions.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

• They converted
grains into alcoholic
beverages.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

ANCIENT PERIOD

• Sumerian taverns were

established making them
the first hospitality
business.

• Hammurabi, the King of

Babylon.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

Early Traders

In 2000 BC, a
considerable
amount of trade
had developed
among people of
the Middle East.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EMPIRES: 3200 BC TO 476 AD

EGYPTIAN EMPIRE

• The Egyptian Empire

developed slowly
• various groups had been
united under one
government ruled by a
“pharaoh”
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EMPIRES: 3200 BC TO 476 AD

EGYPTIAN EMPIRE

• famous pyramids or the ancient Egyptians

tombs for the were the first to begin
pharaohs became the activity we now
tourist attractions, call tourism and
and people traveled hospitality.
to attend religious
festivals.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EMPIRES: 3200 BC TO 476 AD

GREEK EMPIRE

• It evolved in the form of independent city-

states united by Philip of Macedonia.
• The Greeks were dedicated travelers.
• restaurants in ancient Greece were often
respected and served fine food.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EMPIRES: 3200 BC TO 476 AD

Roman Empire

• Greece became a Roman protectorate

• constructed elaborated inns along the main
roads
• Marco Polo described these inns as “fit for a
king”
• It is believed that the Romans were the first to
established the first restaurant chain.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

MEDIEVAL PERIOD
DARK AGES
• inn keeping almost disappeared, except local
taverns and a few inns.
• Roman Catholic Church took over the job of
feeding and housing travelers
• some taverns, inns, and wine shops began to
give accommodations to middle-class
travelers.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

MEDIEVAL PERIOD
RENAISSANCE: 1350 AD TO 1600 AD

• There were no restaurants or dining

establishments.
• In England, there were taverns, pubs, and inns,
but none of these served food.
• Concerned about the table manners,
increased.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EARLY MODERN PERIOD: 1600 AD TO 1800 AD

• a type of eating place

for commoners
called an “ordinary”
appeared in England
that served a fixed
price, fixed menu
meal.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EARLY MODERN PERIOD: 1600 AD TO 1800 AD

• Coffee and tea began

in Western Europe.
• café Florian on the
Piazza San Marco In
Venice
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EARLY MODERN PERIOD: 1600 AD TO 1800 AD

• Pasqua Rosée
opened the first
English Coffee
house was in St.
Michael’s Alley,
London in 1652
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EARLY MODERN PERIOD: 1600 AD TO 1800 AD

1683, Kolschitski
opened the first
coffee house in
Central Europe
which served the
first cup of coffee
sweetened with
honey and milk.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EARLY MODERN PERIOD: 1600 AD TO 1800 AD

• The advent
of stagecoach
travels
revolutionized
hospitality on the
road.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EARLY MODERN PERIOD: 1600 AD TO 1800 AD

• Increased in the quality of inns
• reintroduction of restaurants for public dining
was developed

• Two principles of common law:

 The innkeeper should ensure the guest’s
 property provide for the guest’s safety.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

EARLY MODERN PERIOD: 1600 AD TO 1800 AD

• mails were developed by 1700

• Boulanger operated a small business which
sold soups and broths in Paris.
• Café was developed in France
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

THE INDUSTRIAL ERA: FROM 1800

• Development of
railroad
networks
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

MODERN PERIOD
NINETEENTH
CENTURY

• Many hotels
were
constructed
without dining
facilities.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

MODERN PERIOD
NINETEENTH
CENTURY

• Savoy, the
best-known
Hotel opened
by Richard
d’Oyly Carte in
1889.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

MODERN PERIOD
NINETEENTH CENTURY

• Savoy, d’Oyly Carte

employed two men
who became famous
throughout the
world- Cesar Ritz and
Auguste Escoffier
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PIONEERS IN THE TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

Cesar Ritz
• He became the
general manager of
the Savoy Hotel in
London
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PIONEERS IN THE TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

Ellsworth Milton Statler

He was the first to put
telephones and radios in every
guest room together with full-
length mirrors, built-in closets,
and a special faucet for ice
water.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PIONEERS IN THE TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

Conrad Hilton
He was described by the
New York Times as the
“master of hotel finance”.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PIONEERS IN THE TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

Thomas Cook

He was the founder of

the World’s first travel
agency.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PIONEERS IN THE TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

J. Willard Marriott

He founded the Marriott

Corporation which has
continued to be the
important asset to the
hospitality industry.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PIONEERS IN THE TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Ray Kroc

He founded the McDonald’s

Corporation. Kroc developed
several operational guidelines
such as Quality Service
Cleanliness and Value or
QSC&V.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PIONEERS IN THE TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

Isadore Sharp

Was the founder of

Four Season Regent
Hotels
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PIONEERS IN THE TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

Ruth Fertel
Was the founder of
Chris Steak House, the
largest upscale restaurant
chain in the United
States.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

The ancient Egyptians provided food and

lodging to travelers who wanted to see the pyramids
and attend festivals.
Travel was limited during the middle ages.
Tourism and hospitality in the Renaissance
period is characterized by the Grand Tour.
The twentieth century has made the world
accessible to the average citizen with the advanced
technology and transportation.
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

The components of the tourism and hospitality network are:

food and beverage services, lodging services, recreation and
entertainment services and travel and tourism services.

Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to

destinations outside the places where they normally live and
work and their activities during their stay at these
destinations. The word hospitality is derived from the Latin
word “hospitare” which means to receive as a guest
NO. 3
Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PR-3.1.1
“HISTORY OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY”

Pen & Paper

none
 NO. 3
Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PR-3.1.1

Discussion questions. Write your answer on a separate sheet of

paper.

1. Discuss early tourism. (5 pts.)

2. Describe the Grand Tour. (5 pts.)
3. In what way did “spas” contribute to the growth of the tourism
industry? (5 pts.)
4. Describe the tourism during the Medieval period, the
Renaissance, and Elizabethan Eras. (10 pts.)
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Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

PR-3.1.1

For Flexible Distance Learning:

A) Flexible Distance Learning
• Screenshot
-/Screenshot of hand
of hand written
written answer
answer on bondpaper
in bond paper. and uploaded at Edmodo
Apps in Edmodo (Turn-in Assignment).
-Uploaded
For Modular Distance Learning:
• Modular
B) Handwritten bondpaper
Distance and (Downloaded)
Learning submitted at AISAT Campus
-Screenshot of hand written answer in bond paper.
-Uploaded in Edmodo (Turn-in Assignment) or can be submitted at AISAT Campus
• (Every Friday of the Following Week)
C)
• Modular
OctoberDistance
16, 2020Learning (Printed)
-Hand written answer in bond paper.
-Submitted at AISAT Campus.
 NO. 2
Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

“The more that you read, the more things you will
know, the more that you learn, the more places
you’ll go.”

(Dr. Seuss)