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03-Overuse Sports Injuries

The document discusses overuse sports injuries, detailing their causes, diagnosis, and treatment options. It covers various types of injuries including stress fractures, tendinosis, bursitis, and nerve entrapment syndromes, along with their specific symptoms and management strategies. Key factors contributing to these injuries include sudden increases in training, biomechanical abnormalities, and muscle imbalances.

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offm.ahs
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5 views

03-Overuse Sports Injuries

The document discusses overuse sports injuries, detailing their causes, diagnosis, and treatment options. It covers various types of injuries including stress fractures, tendinosis, bursitis, and nerve entrapment syndromes, along with their specific symptoms and management strategies. Key factors contributing to these injuries include sudden increases in training, biomechanical abnormalities, and muscle imbalances.

Uploaded by

offm.ahs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OVERUSE SPORT

INJURIES
Comprehensive History
Onset/Nature & Site Of Pain/ Potential Risk Factor
(Training/Tech).

Diagnosis
Careful Examination
Affected Anatomical Structure/ Perform The Maneuver
Overuse Injuries

That Produces Pain

Relative Rest / Avoidance of Aggravating Factors + maintaining


Treatment Fitness
Cryotherapy
Electrotherapeutic Modalities/ Drugs/

Sudden Doubling Of Training Quantity/ Poor Foot


Underlying Cause Wear/Biomechanical Abnormality/Cambered Surface/ Muscle
Imbalance/Leg Length Discrepancy
CAUSES
OF
OVERUSE
INJURIES
BONE

1. The redistribution of impact forces


resulting in increased stress at focal
points in bone

2. The action of muscle pull across


bone

STRESS Vascular Congestion>>osteoclastic/Blastic


Activity>>weakend Trabeculae>>micro
FRACTURE Fracture>>completer Fracture

Tibia, Metatarsals, Fibula, Tarsal


Navicular, Femur And Pelvis
TREATMENT

Healing is assessed
avoidance of the
clinically by the absence Gradual adaptation to
precipitating activity
of local tenderness and increased load
stress fractures heal
functionally by the ability Identification &
within six weeks of
to modification of risk factors
beginning relative
perform the precipitating
rest
activity without pain
SPECIFIC TREATMENT
APOPHYSITIS

Bony inflammation and separation may occur at


The attachment of the strong, large tendons to the
Growth areas

Examples are osgood-schlatter


Disease at the attachment of the patellar tendon to the
Tibial tuberosity

Sever’s disease at the attachment


Of the achilles tendon to the calcaneus
Joint
Inflammatory changes in joints
associated with overuse are EXAMPLES

classified as synovitis or capsulitis


SINUS TARSI SYNDROME OF
SYNOVITIS OF THE HIP JOINT
THE SUBTALAR JOINT
Ligament

• Overuse injuries of ligaments are


uncommon. The medial collateral
ligament of the knee occasionally
becomes inflamed, particularly in
breaststroke swimmers
Muscle
Muscle
Muscle
Muscle Soreness
• Soreness accompanies muscle strains.
• A particular type of muscle soreness known as delayed onset muscle soreness
(DOMS) develops 24–48 hours after unaccustomed physical activity.
• It appears to be more severe after eccentric exercise (involving muscle
contraction while muscle is lengthening), such as downhill running.
• Six theories have been proposed: lactic acid, muscle spasm, torn tissue,
connective tissue, enzyme efflux and tissue fluid theories
• It is thought to occur less in those who train regularly
• Factors that appear to lessen DOMS include warm down, post-event massage,
active non-weight-bearing exercise, hydrotherapy and spa baths.
Tendon
Tendinosis
• Tendon injuries are among the
most common overuse injuries. Separation of collagen bundles, increased hydrophilic ground substance, increased
poor quality blood vessels (neovascularization) and absent infl amatory cells

Other sites of tendinopathy that are likely to be due to tendinosis are the
adductor longus, biceps, tibialis posterior and flexor halluces longus tendons.

Tendinosis oft en takes a long time to resolve,particularly if symptoms have


been present for some months before presentation.

Surgery
PARTIAL TEARS
• The term ‘partial tear of a tendon’ should be reserved for a
macroscopically evident subcutaneous partial tear of a tendon, an
uncommon acute, not overuse, injury, at least in the Achilles and
patellar tendon
BURSA
• The body contains many bursae situated usually between bony surfaces and
overlying tendons.
• Their role is to facilitate movement of the tendon over the bony surface.
• Overuse injuries in bursae are quite common, particularly at the subacromial bursa,
the greater trochanteric bursa, the bursa deep to the iliotibial band at the knee and
the retrocalcaneal bursa separating the Achilles tendon from the calcaneus.
• Bursitis is associated with local tenderness and swelling and pain on specific
movements.
• Treatment involves the use of NSAIDs but this may be ineffective due to the poor
blood supply of most bursae.
• Occasionally, a bursa needs to be drained of its fluid with or without subsequent
corticosteroid infiltration.
Nerve
• Nerve entrapment syndromes occur in athletes as a result of swelling
in the surrounding soft tissues or anatomical abnormalities.
• These may affect the supra scapular nerve, the posterior
interosseous, ulnar and median nerves in the forearm, the obturator
nerve in the groin, the posterior tibial nerve at the tarsal tunnel on
the medial aspect of the ankle and, most commonly, the interdigital
nerves, especially between the third and fourth toes, a condition
known as Morton’s neuroma.
• Chronic mild irritation of a nerve may result in damage manifested by
an increase in neural tension.
• The End

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