Scribd
Upload
13 views

Starter

The document provides an overview of DNA structure, genetic code, and the role of genes in heredity. It also discusses genetic engineering, including its definition, methods, applications in agriculture and medicine, as well as the associated benefits and risks. Ethical considerations surrounding genetic modification are highlighted, emphasizing concerns about biodiversity and food safety.

Uploaded by

lanaswid83
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views

Starter

The document provides an overview of DNA structure, genetic code, and the role of genes in heredity. It also discusses genetic engineering, including its definition, methods, applications in agriculture and medicine, as well as the associated benefits and risks. Ethical considerations surrounding genetic modification are highlighted, emphasizing concerns about biodiversity and food safety.

Uploaded by

lanaswid83
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

Starter

Starter
Starter
Starter
Starter
Starter
DNA, genes
and
chromosomes
Learning
objectives

1.DNA Structure: Identify DNA


components and their roles.

2.Genetic Code: Explain base


sequencing and protein
synthesis.

3.Genetic Functions:
Understand genes' role in
heredity and research.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 8


Introduction to DNA

What is DNA?

• DNA is a chemical called deoxyribonucleic acid.

• It is composed of two strands wrapped around each


other like a rope.

• Found in the nucleus of every cell, DNA contains the


instructions for building and maintaining an organism.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 9


Introduction to DNA

Structure of DNA

• DNA is made of nucleotides.

• Each nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule, a


phosphate molecule, and one of four types of
nitrogenous bases (A, T, C, G).

• DNA strands form a double helix structure.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 10


The Genetic code

Understanding the Genetic Code

• Four types of bases: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and
Guanine (G).

• Base pairing rules: A pairs with T, C pairs with G.

• Sequence of bases determines the genetic information.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 11


The Genetic code

Genes and Chromosomes

• Genes are specific sequences of bases on a strand of DNA that code


for proteins.

• Chromosomes are long molecules of DNA containing many genes.

• Each gene codes for a specific protein which plays a role in the body.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 12


The Genetic code

The Human Genome

• The human genome contains all the genetic information


needed to build and maintain a human.

• Study of the human genome helps in understanding


diseases, treatment, and human history.

• Importance of genome studies in medicine and science.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 13


Question 1

What are the four types of nitrogenous bases found in


DNA?

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 14


Question 1

The four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine


(A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 15


Question 2

How is the structure of DNA described?

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 16


Question 2

DNA is described as a double helix, which


resembles a twisted ladder with
nucleotides forming the rungs and sugar-
phosphate backbones forming the sides.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 17


Question 3

What is the function of genes


within the human genome? .

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 18


Question 3

Genes are segments of DNA that code for


proteins, which play crucial roles in
building and maintaining the body, as
well as managing bodily functions

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 19


Genetic
Engineering
Genetic Engineering

What is Genetic Engineering?

• Definition: Modifying the genome of an


organism by introducing a gene from
another organism.

• Goals include enhancing resistance to


diseases or pests, or producing
substances useful to humans.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 21


Genetic Engineering

How Genetic Engineering Works

• DNA from chromosomes is cut using restriction


enzymes.

• Desired genes are isolated and spliced into a


vector.

• The recombinant DNA is introduced into host cells,


forming genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 22


Genetic Engineering

Genetic Engineering in Agriculture

• Crop modification for improved growth rates, pest


resistance, and environmental adaptability.

• Benefits such as higher yield and reduced need for


chemical treatments.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 23


Genetic Engineering

Genetic Engineering in Medicine

• Potential for curing inherited disorders by replacing faulty genes.

• Production of therapeutic proteins and vaccines in modified


organisms.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 24


Genetic Engineering

Genetic Engineering in Medicine

• Potential for curing inherited disorders by replacing faulty genes.

• Production of therapeutic proteins and vaccines in modified


organisms.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 25


Genetic Engineering

Benefits and Risks

• Benefits: Can lead to breakthroughs in agriculture,


medicine, and environmental management.

• Risks: Potential for unintended ecological impacts,


ethical concerns, and gene transfer among species.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 26


Genetic Engineering

ethical Considerations

• Concerns about biodiversity, food safety, and the impact on


natural species

• Debate over the moral rights of genetically modifying life forms.

20XX SAMPLE FOOTER TEXT 27

You might also like