Google Classroom

Pure Mathematics 1 - 8 Units

• quadratics
• Functions
• coordinate geometry
• circular measure
• trigonometry
• Series
• differentiation
• integration.
Mechanics - 5 Units
• forces and equilibrium
• kinematics of motion in a straight
• momentum
• Newton’s laws of motion
• Energy, work and power
Unit 1.1
Quadratics
Everything you know
about quadratic
equations
Positive and Negative
Quadratics

ROOTS
Where y=0
Methods we use to find out
about quadratics:
1. Find ROOTS by solving y=0
Factorising OR using Quadratic Formula

2. Find coordinates of y intercept (x=0)

3. Find VERTEX using completed square form

Factorising:
2
𝑥 − 4 𝑥 − 21= 0 2 2
3 𝑥 + 2 𝑥= 𝑥 +3 𝑥+ 6

12 12
+ = 3.5
𝑥 𝑥 −2
Practice!
By factorising, find the roots of the following equations
2 2
1) x + 9x + 20 = 0 2) x – x – 2 = 0
2 x = - 4 or - 5 2 x = - 1 or 2
3) x + 4x – 32 = 0 4) x – 7x + 10 = 0
2 x = - 8 or 4 2 x = 2 or 5
5) x + 3x – 4 = 0 6) x + 10x + 25 = 0
2 x = - 4 or 1 2 x= -5
7) x + 2x – 3 = 0 8) x – 8x + 16 = 0
2 x = - 3 or 1 2 x=4
9) x + 10x + 9 = 0 10) 2x + 5x – 12 = 0
x = - 9 or - 1 x = 1.5 or -4
2. Finding y intercept
3. Completing the Square to find
the turning point
 Completing the Square

• Complete the square

2 2
1) x + 12x + 5 2) x – 4x – 11
(x + 6)2 - 31 (x - 2)2 - 15

2 2
3) x + 8x – 13 4) x – 16x + 22
(x + 4)2 - 29 (x - 8)2 - 42

2
5) x + 5x – 3
(x + 2.5)2 – 9.25
 2
𝑥 2+ 4 𝑥=( 𝑥+ 2) − 4

( 𝑥+ 2)( 𝑥+2) − 4

𝑥 2+4 𝑥 +4 − 4
𝑥 2+4 𝑥=𝑥 2+4 𝑥
True or False?
2 2
𝑥 2+6 𝑥=( 𝑥 +3) − 9 𝑥 2+ 8 𝑥=( 𝑥 +4 ) − 16
2 2
𝑥 2+12 𝑥=( 𝑥 +6) −18 𝑥 2 −10 𝑥=( 𝑥 −5 ) +25
2 2
𝑥 2 − 4 𝑥=( 𝑥 − 2 ) − 4 𝑥 2+2 𝑥+ 5=( 𝑥 +1) + 3
Solving by Completing the
Square
 If is odd,
𝑥 2 −3 𝑥 +1=0 why is it more difficult to
complete the square?
2
( 𝑥 −1.5) −1.5 2+ 1=0
2
( 𝑥 −1.5) −1.25=0
2
( 𝑥 −1.5) =1.25
𝑥 −1.5= √1.25
𝑥=√ 1.25+1.5
𝑥=+1.1 …+1.5 𝑥=−1.1 …+ 1.5
𝑥=2.6 𝑥=0.4
 Can we
complete the square 2 𝑥 2+8 𝑥 − 3=0
when > 1? ÷2
𝑥 2+4 𝑥 − 1.5=0
2
( 𝑥+ 2) − 4 − 1.5=0
2
( 𝑥+ 2) −5.5= 0
2
( 𝑥+ 2) =5.5
𝑥+ 2= √ 5.5
𝑥=√ 5.5 −2
𝑥=+2.3 …− 2 𝑥=−2.3 … −2
𝑥=0.3 𝑥=− 4.3
1) 𝑥 2+4 𝑥 − 3=0 1) 𝑥 2+12 𝑥 −11=0 1) 𝑥 2+7 𝑥 +4=0
2
( 𝑥+ 2) − 4 − 3=0

2) 𝑥 2+6 𝑥 −1=0 2) 𝑥 2 −10 𝑥+20=0 2) 2 𝑥 2+6 𝑥 − 7=0

3) 𝑥 2 −6 𝑥 − 1=0 3) 𝑥 2+3 𝑥 − 8=0 3) 3 𝑥 2 −12 𝑥+8=0

4) 𝑥 2 −8 𝑥 +5=0 4) 𝑥 2 −5 𝑥 −1=0 4) 2 𝑥 2+7 𝑥 − 5=0

1) 𝑥 2+4 𝑥 − 3=0 1) 𝑥 2+12 𝑥 −11=0 1) 𝑥 2+7 𝑥 +4=0
2 2
( 𝑥+ 2) − 4 − 3=0 ( 𝑥+ 6) − 36 −11=0
, , ,

2) 𝑥 2+6 𝑥 −1=0 2) 𝑥 2 −10 𝑥+20=0 2) 2 𝑥 2+6 𝑥 − 7=0

( 𝑥+ 3)2 − 9 −1=0 ( 𝑥 −5) 2 −25 +20=0
, , ,

3) 𝑥 2 −6 𝑥 − 1=0 3) 𝑥 2+3 𝑥 − 8=0 3) 3 𝑥 2 −12 𝑥+8=0

( 𝑥 − 3)2 − 9 −1=0
, , ,

4) 𝑥 2 −8 𝑥 +5=0 4) 𝑥 2 −5 𝑥 −1=0 4) 2 𝑥 2+7 𝑥 − 5=0

( 𝑥 − 4) 2 −16 +5=0
, , ,
Exam-Style Questions
Sketching Graphs
y = x2 + 6x + 8

1. Roots:
2. Intercept:
3. Vertex:
4. Max/Min:
Your Go
 y = ax2 + bx + c Factorised form Roots (co- Co- Completed Square – Co- Max or
(form) ordinates of ordinate y = a(x-b)2 + c ordinates Min?
the x – of the y – of the
intercepts, intercept Turning
Point

Exampl Y = x2 + x - 6 Y = (x + 3)(x – 2) (-3, 0) (2, 0) (0, -6) Y = (x + 0.5)2 – 6.25 (-0.5, - Min
e 6.25)
1 Y = x2 + 2x - 8 Y = (x + 4)(x - ......) (-4, 0) (...., 0) (0, -....) Y = (x + 1)2 - .... (-1, -.......)

2 Y = x2 – 4x + 3

3 Y = x2 + 2x - 35

4 Y = (x + 3)(x + 5)

5 Y = (x – 6)(x – 1)

6 (4, 0) (-2, 0) (0, -8)

7 (-4, 0) (5, 0) (0, -20)

8 Y = (x - 1)2 - 4

9 Y = (x + 3)2 -16
A few more!
Pop quiz

1. Factorise and then solve x2 + 5x - 24 = 0

2. Complete the square of x2 – 12x + 5
3. Sketch the graph of y = x2 - 8x + 12
4. Solve the equation 3 – 7x = 3x2 – 5x -9
5. Sketch the graph of y = 2x2 - 5x - 12

20 marks – 4 per question

Solving Quadratic Inequalities
Example:

Example:
 Further Examples
Solve Solve

𝑦
𝑦 =( 𝑥+ 4)( 𝑥 +1) 𝑦 𝑦 =( 𝑥+3) (𝑥 −3)

? ?
−4 −1 𝑥 −3 3 𝑥

or −3 < 𝑥< 3
Bro Note: The most common error I’ve seen students make with quadratic
inequalities is to skip the ‘sketch step’.
Sod’s Law states that even though you have a 50% chance of getting it right
without a sketch (presuming you’ve factorised correctly), you will get it wrong.
Exercises
1 Solve the following:

a ?
b ? 3 Solve the following:
c ? a ?
d ? b ?
e ?
c ?
2 Solve the following:
a ?
b ?
c ?
d ?
e ?
f ?
The Discriminant
Discriminant practice
• Example – find the value of k for which has two distinct roots.

• Example -
Practice
Solving Simultaneous
Equations.
2 𝑥+3 𝑦=1
3 𝑥 − 𝑦=7 2
𝑦 =𝑥 −7
Solving Simultaneous Equations
by Substitution.
Example:

a. (3, 4) or (-4, -3) b. (3,4) or (4,3)

c. (5,2) or (-1,-4) d. (3,-1)
e. (0,5 or (4,-3) f. (1,0) or (½, ½)
g. (0,7) h. (3,-2) or (1/7, -10 4/7)
Intersection of Lines and Curves
Exam Question Example

x < -1 x > 4
k =-3
Equations which reduce to
Quadratics
Example: Example:

a. ± 1, ±2 b. ± 1, ±3 c. ±2
d. e. -1, 2 f.