Applications of IOT

Definition Of IOT

► The Internet of Things (IoT) describes the seamless network

connection of physical objects—“things”—that are embedded with
sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of
connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over
the internet
Definition of Terms

► Internet of Things (IoT) is a next generation technology which has resulted

in simplification of processes, increase in efficiency and productivity
through the use of sensors , RFID tags and other technologies
► We live in an increasingly interconnected world, thanks to near-ubiquitous
wifi access and a wide range of technological innovations. The Internet of
Things (IoT) is being applied in different sectors. Some of the sectors
where IoT is being applied are health & Lifestyle agriculture, transport
and logistics, factories, cities, retail, Home, Environment and others.
► Smart city devices work to make everyday tasks easier and more efficient,
while relieving pain points related to public safety, traffic, and
environmental issues. Here are some of the most popular smart city
technologies:
Application of IOT in Smart Cities
 Application of IOT in Smart Cities

► Smart cities use IoT devices such as connected sensors, lights, and meters to collect and analyze data.
The cities then use this data to improve infrastructure, public utilities and services, and more.
► Below, we’ve outlined how smart cities provide a more efficient and higher quality lifestyle for their
residents, and the methods they use to reach these goals.
► A smart city will promote a healthy and decent quality of life for its citizens while it promotes core
infrastructure ,clean and sustainable environment using smart solutions which includes the following:
Installation of Smart Grids
Utility companies such ZETDC are turning in IoT to make energy more efficient. - this is made possible
through installation of more appropriate sensors in to energy meters transmission lines, production plants,
and distribution points- They create alerts in case of failure at any point during power transmission.-
Sensors are used to identify abnormalities in the line.-They monitor energy consumption and peak usage
statistics.-They identify lossy nodes during transmission-They can pinpoint the exact location of inefficiency.
Energy can be created at traditional power plants and solar and wind power plants. Smart grids allow
seamless switching between these different power sources. They ensure that the correct parameters, such
as voltage, are maintained while doing so. As with every other IoT system, smart grids enable predictive
maintenance. This cuts down costs considerably.
 Application of IOT in Smart Cities

► Waste Management
► The waste management solution includes smart sensors that use ultrasound technology to
measure the fill levels in bins and containers.
► They send the data to the Smart Waste Management System, a powerful cloud-based
platform, via several IoT communication protocols (Sigfox, LoRaWAN).
 Application of IOT in Smart Cities

► Smart air quality monitors

► There are constantly air particles, dust, dirt, cleaning chemicals, floating around in the air of
one’s office building or home. Smart air quality monitors can detect these particles and
inform users of pollutants.
► Monitoring indoor air quality (IAQ) can better alert people of unsafe pollutant levels via an
indicator light or push notifications to one’s smartphone or tablet.
 Application of IOT in Smart Cities

► Smart utility meters

► A top IoT device among utility companies is the smart meter. These devices attach to buildings
and connect to a smart energy grid, allowing the utility companies to manage energy flow more
effectively.
► Smart meters also allow users to track their energy consumption—leaving a significant financial
impact. Insider Intelligence expects utility companies to save $157 billion by 2035 due to smart
meter adoption and implementation.
► Smart transportation
► Connected vehicles have made their way to the forefront of public transit—and the efforts have
already started to bear fruit. Insider Intelligence projects US connected cars will make up 97% of
the total number of registered vehicles by 2035.
► Specifically voice search and location data capabilities are attractive to drivers, and as smart
applications continue to evolve and grow, so will the adoption of smart transit.
Application of IOT in Home
 Application of IOT in Home

► The home can be called smart when it has a range of smart devices that you can control remotely
by setting them the way you like to automatize house maintenance. They can also be united into
one network. For example, the lights can turn on at the moment you enter the home (lamps will
know it from the sensors) or your vacuum cleaner can start cleaning every day at 11 AM.
► The most visible application of the Internet of Things is a smart home. A smart home uses
sensors to control and maintain lighting, resource management, and security systems. A smart
home is a smaller, independent version of a smart city.
► Smart Door access control system
► Smart locks and door access systems are one of the most popular and cost effective solutions of
Internet of Things. Smart locks are easy to implement and control using a web interface or
Smartphone application.
 Application of IOT in Home

► Integration with RDIF tags, smart door accessing systems can be securely implemented.
Users can grant access to the doors using mobile app and lock again once the person
leaves the premises.
► Example: a person wants to enter your house while you are not around, you will be able to
open the door for that person using Smartphone application.
► An example of an IoT-based smart home system is Mark Zuckerberg’s Jarvis. Zuckerberg’s
smart home system uses natural language processing for the contextual processing of voice
commands. He has internet switches to operate the appliances plugged into them. The
system takes care of lighting rooms based on occupancy and even playing personalized
music based on who is in the room. His security system uses facial recognition to alert the
family of the identity of their visitors.
 Application of IOT in Home

► Automated Gate and garage

► Using smart sensor technology and internet of things, gates and garages can be controlled
(operated) conveniently. Once you are about to enter the house or after leaving the
premises, you may open or close the gate using mobile devices.
► Smart lighting for home
► Smart lighting is one the attractive smart home application using internet of things. In
addition to energy saving, it also enables us to manage effectively. Light ambience can be
changed using smart hub devices or smart phone app.
► Smart lighting can be configured to respond to voice commands and motion detectors /
proximity sensors. These sensors will activate the light when someone enters the room or
leaving the room. Moreover, it can be configured to turn on when the ambient light is
below certain threshold (turn on during sun light is low).
Applications of IOT in Agriculture
 Application of IOT in Agriculture

► We all need food to survive. From humans to animals, we are all a part of the food chain. No
matter how far we progress in terms of technological inventions, we will still rely on our
farmers to get fed. This makes blessing or better say equipping our farmers with the latest
technology a general advantage which will offer collective benefits.
► IoT-based smart farming is also beneficial in terms of environmental issues. It can help the
farmers to efficiently use water, optimize the inputs and treatments.
► Agricultural drones: take smart farming to new heights in Zimbabwe Drones can be
deployed for multiple purposes in farming. Smart farming is data-driven and allows the
farmer to act guided by accurate information, for instance, on soil conditions. In the past the
farmer would need to physically tour the field extracting data and gathering metrics but that
can now be done while she sits in the shed with the drone doing what it does best
Application of IOT in Agriculture

► Drones are fitted with agriculture smart sensors and can collect and deliver data in a
faster and more precise manner. Some farmers are currently experimenting on using
drones for planting. The commonest deployment of the drones is happening during
spraying activities with water, fertilizers or herbicides, which reduces costs, manual
labour and time spent on these processes when done manually. It is also exciting to
note that drones have come in handy in assisting farmers fight infections and pests
among crops.
 Application of IOT in Agriculture

► They can also inform the farmer on soil condition using thermal, multispectral and hyperspectral technology and
are also gifted with detecting field areas inflicted by weeds, infections and pessaries can then make decisions on
the correct amounts of chemicals to apply to contain the infestations basing on data gathered and availed by the
drone.
► Spraying crops using drones has its own advantages. It minimises human contact with chemicals in the form of
fertilisers, pesticides and a host of others. The good thing is that drones will also perform the tasks faster and more
efficiently than vehicles and airplanes or people.
► Precision Farming
► Precision farming, also known as precision agriculture, is anything that makes the whole process of farming
accurate and controlled when it comes to raising livestock and growing crops.
► The key component of this farming technique is the use of Information Technology and various other technologies
like sensors, robotics, automation vehicles, control systems, automated hardware, variable rate technology, and so
on.
► Precision farming is considered one of the most famous applications of IoT in the agricultural sector and it is being
leveraged globally by several organizations. One of the examples is It is a precision agriculture organization that
focuses on ultra-modern agronomic solutions. Moreover, it specializes in the m CropMetrics. anagement of
 Application of IOT in Agriculture

► Greenhouse farming is concerned with increasing the yields of vegetables, crops, fruits etc.
Greenhouses control the environmental factors through manual intervention or a proportional
control mechanism. However, manual intervention leads to production loss, energy loss, and
labor costs. This makes the whole concept of greenhouses ineffective. So, smart greenhouses
are a better alternative. A smart greenhouse can be created with the help of IoT. These smart
greenhouses intelligently monitor and control the climate without requiring any sort of manual
intervention.
► Different kinds of sensors are used in a smart greenhouse that measure the environmental
factors and assess their suitability for plants. A remote access is created by connecting the
system to a cloud with the help of IoT. This eliminates the need for constant manual
monitoring. The cloud server controls the data processing and applies a control action inside
the greenhouse.
 Applications of IOT in Agriculture

► Monitor Climate Conditions

► Climate plays an important role in crop production. Different crops require different climate
conditions to grow and any little knowledge about climate heavily deteriorates the quantity and
quality of crop production. IoT solutions enable the farmers to know real-time weather conditions.
► The sensors placed in the agricultural fields collect data from the environment that is used by
farmers to choose a crop that can grow in particular climatic conditions.
► Livestock Monitoring
► Owners of large farms utilize wireless IoT applications to track the location, health, and well-being of
their cattle. This information helps them to identify sick animals and henceforth separate them from
the herd, take care of them, and also curb the spread of the disease among other animals. It is also
useful for cutting labor costs as owners can locate their cattle with the help of IoT-based sensors.
Application of IOT in Retail Industry
 Application of IOT in Retail Industry

► Automated Checkout
► We all face the problem of long lines when we come to purchase products. As a manager, he/she can feel unprofitable to
pay during busier shopping time. But, Iot makes it easier. Whenever a customer leaves the store a system would tally the
items up and automatically deduce the cost for a discount in the customer’s mobile payment app. Basically, it will make
customers happier and will to visit again. Moreover, it can save money and efforts.
► Personalized Discount
► Basically, IoT sensors can monitor the customers in the store. Monitored data can store the customers’ loyalty and based
on their loyalty it will reward them with automatic discounts. For instance, the customers should sign up for the loyalty
program via their smartphones. In addition, IoT sensors can track items a customer has been looking at online, and send a
personalize discount when he/she is in-store. Rather than offering general discounts on a wide variety of products, you can
tailor each discount using IoT to maximize conversion rates. As a result, using IoT devices can attract more valuable and
loyal long-term customers.
► Smart Shelves
► As we know that it is very tough work for employees to keep tracking of items to ensure they’re never out-of-stock. Also
checking that the item is not misplaced in various shelves. A smart shelve can automate both of these tasks. In addition, it
can detect potential theft. They use weight sensors and RFID tags that allow to scan the products on both display and
stock shelves. For instance, the RFID tags are connected to each reader. Moreover, it will inform the status of the items
whether running low or incorrectly placed. Smart shelves are able to detect in-store theft. As a result, this can save
money for security personnel and cameras
 Application of IOT in Retail Industry
► Layout Optimization
► The retail holder can realize that his/her retail layout is beyond customers’ satisfaction. This may be due to the least
popular products are in the front, or least space around the couches in the back. To improve the retail layout aisle-
analytics software with infrared sensors can be used. Most preferable items should be placed in the front rather keep
those in the back.
► Robots in Work
► When trust is an issue robot employees can be the best option to be the customers representative in-store instead of
human-employees. Robots can help customers find specific products and provide information on promotions and
inventory. Similarly, robots can speak and answer the questions of the customers. Likewise, they can roam the store
and take note of the misplaced items, or running status of items. Some robots employees of retail shops are:
Lowe’s LoweBot, Tally by Simbe Robotics,Softbank’s Pepper Robot,Best
Buy’s Chloe Robot,Domino’s Robotic Unit (DRU) Delivery Robot
► Beacons
► Basically, Beacons are nothing but are small Bluetooth devices that send alerts to smartphones based on location
proximity. As this app can recognize your location- so if you’ve entered the food section, the app will remind you of
the restaurants you liked online. It was first innovated by Apple. However, using this, customers can receive
discounts, special events or other reminders when they’re near a shop and have previously downloaded the store’s
app. Apart from helping customers in-store, beacons also send alerts to passerby
Application of IOT in Health
 Application of IOT in Health

► The pandemic has accelerated the use of IoT in the healthcare industry. The Internet of Things provides a
much more efficient link between patients, doctors and pharmaceuticals and the traditionally reactive medical
cycles can now be proactive.
► Remote medicine
► The IoT technologies working in this domain allow patients to transmit their data to remote healthcare
providers right from home. Remote patient monitoring covers the variety of IoT healthcare devices capable of
sending various medical metrics such as oxygen saturation (one of the most important data in the days of
COVID) and blood pressure to doctors and hospitals. Such a practice can significantly reduce hospital
occupancy rates during the pandemic.
► Attaching sensors to a patient at home allows doctors to monitor them remotely. Continuous abnormality of
parameters immediately alerts the doctor, creating preemptive action. Doctors can use this to monitor at-risk
patients such as the elderly and those suffering from chronic diseases.
► Wearables
► The on-body IoT medical devices constitute a part of digital wearables such as smartwatches and fitness
trackers. Their application differs a little bit from the one inherent in the above-mentioned remote medicine
IoT. Medical wearables can be used wherever patients go, while the first category belongs mainly to the in-
home IoT.
 Application of IOT in Health

► Smart Labs
► The smart-lab IoT devices include various sorts of hardware for medical analyses and procedures.
The hardware equipment is connected to the special software via end devices (sensors, gauges,
data transmitters, and the like) to connect the entire in-lab IoT system with the internet. Such
solutions provide multi-level control and monitoring of all in-lab processes. Remote alerts about
hardware failures prevent the loss of medical samples. Prediction algorithms based on data
collected from the IoT sensors facilitate lab management in terms of equipment maintenance.
► IoT is being used to optimize the manufacturing process at the pharmaceutical end. The direct
result of this is lower drug prices. It is also used for intelligent inventory management
► The smart-lab IoT devices include various sorts of hardware for medical analyses and procedures.
The hardware equipment is connected to the special software via end devices (sensors, gauges,
data transmitters, and the like) to connect the entire in-lab IoT system with the internet. Such
solutions provide multi-level control and monitoring of all in-lab processes. Remote alerts about
hardware failures prevent the loss of medical samples. Prediction algorithms based on data
collected from the IoT sensors facilitate lab management in terms of equipment maintenance.
Application of IOT in Transport &
Logistics
 Application of IOT in Transport &
Logistics

► In the transport and logistics sectors, the Internet of Things (IoT) is delivering highly
integrated and efficient transportation and warehouse management solutions. Installed sensors
in transport vehicles will continuously capture, share and process data that can be acted upon
in real-time.
► The first application of IoT in transportation and logistics is fleet management. Thanks to smart
sensors and devices fixed in the transport vehicles that aid to collect information regarding the
condition of the vehicle, the current location of the vehicle, driver behavior, and amount of fuel.
Transport companies that offer online truck booking services understand that monitoring the
condition of essential parts of vehicles like tire pressure, fuel, coolant level, etc. can reduce the
chances of unexpected failures. With real-time access to such data makes maintenance quite
easier and cost-effective. This kind of advanced fleet management system is used by top
logistics companies in Delhi. They created a monitoring system that gathers data from GPS and
IoT sensors to reduce the number of repairs.
 Application of IOT in Transport &
Logistics

► Efficient Fleet Management

► The first application of IoT in transportation and logistics is fleet management. Thanks to
smart sensors and devices fixed in the transport vehicles that aid to collect information
regarding the condition of the vehicle, the current location of the vehicle, driver behavior,
and amount of fuel. Transport companies that offer online truck booking services
understand that monitoring the condition of essential parts of vehicles like tire pressure,
fuel, coolant level, etc. can reduce the chances of unexpected failures. With real-time
access to such data makes maintenance quite easier and cost-effective. This kind of
advanced fleet management system is used by top logistics companies in Delhi. They
created a monitoring system that gathers data from GPS and IoT sensors to reduce the
number of repairs.
 Application of IOT in Transport &
Logistics

► Tracking and Tracing

► For the logistics companies that offer online transport service, it is important to ensure that
the goods are in the right trucks, the safety of goods in the right warehouses, etc. It also
takes a huge time as well as resources.
► Smart sensors such as AIDC (automatic identification and data capture) and RFID (radio-
frequency identification) are helpful techniques to track the shipments and manage them
efficiently. Microchips in RFID sensors use radio waves to detect the location of goods. These
sensors provide you information not only about what the product is but also, about its
location and final destination. The major difference between RFID and traditional scanning is
that it is being processed wirelessly. Additionally, data can be moved onto the database in
real-time. Thereby, you can access the information anywhere, anytime.
 Application of IOT in Transport &
Logistics

► Freight Safety
► Freight theft has been gradually becoming one of the key reasons for losses for freight
businesses and logistics companies in Delhi. Solutions such as advanced sensors provide full
monitoring for the freight across the transit time and becoming popular among the freight
companies. The smart sensors that are used by many freight monitoring systems are
equipped to notice changes such as temperature, shock events and crack or break in the
freight container which will help in taking immediate action against the freight which is in
danger or prone to any damage.
► The other applications of IOT in transport and logistics are Warehouse and Inventory
Management, Supply Chain Management, Analytical Maintenance, Visibility for in-
transit carriers and Order and Delivery Tracking.
Application of IOT in Factories
 Application of IOT in Factories

► Industrial IoT (IIoT) is the Internet of Things at a factory level. IIoT is often referred to as
the fourth wave of the industrial revolution or Industry 4.0.
► Most factories subscribe to enterprise asset management (EAM) and computerized
maintenance management systems (CMMS) for maintenance management. Combining
these with IoT-enabled sensors extends the physical life of machines and ensures
availability and reliability.
► Real-time monitoring of devices ensures predictive care and optimal machine health.
Condition-based maintenance (CBM) is a maintenance strategy that monitors asset health
and performs maintenance only if necessary. IoT enables this and cuts costs.
 Application of IOT in Factories

► IoT goes beyond supply chain management and maintenance management. Aggregated data
assists in the optimization of product development and quality testing. It can improve
everything from packaging to management. IIoT can automate many manual maintenance
functions, which, in turn, automates mass production.
► Volkswagen has decided to turn its main plant in Wolfsburg, Germany, into a smart factory. It
has enlisted Nokia to create an IoT system centered on a standalone 5G network. It is
currently testing smart factory use cases to fine-tune and discover new capabilities.
► IIoT goes beyond supply chain management and maintenance management. Aggregated data
assists in the optimization of product development and quality testing. It can improve
everything from packaging to management. IIoT can automate many manual maintenance
functions, which, in turn, automates mass production.
► Volkswagen has decided to turn its main plant in Wolfsburg, Germany, into a smart factory. It
has enlisted Nokia to create an IoT system centered on a standalone 5G network. It is
currently testing smart factory use cases to fine-tune and discover new capabilities.
 Conclusion

► The Internet of Things has already started changing how we work and live,
even if it isn’t entirely obvious. There are bigger innovations to come, and
industries and governments are gearing up for this.