PERSONAL

DEVELOPM
ENT
Lesson 5: The Brain: Parts,
Function & Societal
Relationship
 THE BRAIN
Our brain isn't just a single unit, but a group of different
parts that perform different tasks. It is one of the most
complex parts of the body that is very much attributed
to the consciousness of the very uniqueness of the self.
It plays an important role in our consciousness. It is the
center of our being, which makes us who we are, what
we are as an existential being.
 PURPOSE OF THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM
The Brain organ is a part of one of the eight (8) systems of the
human anatomy, the NERVOUS SYSTEM. It is the command center of
the other eights systems in the human body.
 To gather information,
 To produce responses to stimuli
 To coordinate the workings of different cells.
The development of life organisms from union of the egg cell and sperm
cell, always starts from the development of the nervous system, the
brain, its spinal cord and nerves. Even the lowliest organisms such as
the jellyfish and worms, have origins of a nervous system.
 THREE MAJOR PARTS
OF THE BRAIN

The brain is one of the largest and most

complex organs in the human body. It is made
up of more than 100 billion nerves that
communicate in trillions of connections called
synapses. This brain serves as the main
processor of the human body.
Our brain has three major parts namely:
 Brain stem
 Cerebellum
 Cerebrum
 BRAIN STEM
The BRAIN STEM connects the spinal cord
and the brain.
 It controls functions that keep people
alive such as breathing, heart rate, blood
pressure and food digestion.
 Those activities occur without any
thought. You aren't telling yourself,
"Inhale. Exhale. Inhale." You're just
breathing.
 CEREBELLUM
Things are different in the CEREBELLUM.
That region controls voluntary movement.
 When you want to lift your fork,
 Wave your hand,
 Brush your hair or
 wink
You form the thought and then an area in
the cerebellum translates your will into
action.
 THREE MAJOR STRUCTURE
OF A NEURON
 The Cell Body is shaped roughly like a sphere or a pyramid. It contains the
biochemical machinery for keeping the neuron alive. It is responsible in the
transmission of messages to other neurons.
 The Dendrites of a neuron look like branches of a tree, which is used as an antennas,
receiving messages from other nerve cells and transmitting them toward the cell
body.
 The Axons can be likened to trunk of a tree, which is more slender. It transmits
messages away from the cell body to other cells. Axons have branches at their tips,
but these branches are usually less numerous than dendrites. Dendrites and axons
give each neuron a double role: As one researcher in the field of Neurology, a neuron
is first a catcher, then a batter (Gazzaniga, 1988).
 CEREBRUM
The CEREBRUM is the largest of the three
brain sections, accounts for about 85 percent
of the brain's weight, and has four lobes
namely:
 FRONTAL LOBE
 PARIETAL LOBE
 OCCIPITAL LOBE
 TEMPORAL LOBE
Although each lobe has a different task to
perform, they all must work together.
 FRONTAL LOBE
 The FRONTAL LOBE
allows you to solve a
complex task, undergo
voluntary movement
of your body parts,
form complete
sentences, and is
responsible for your
personality traits.
 PARIETAL LOBE
 The PARIETAL LOBE functions in
general sensation and feeling. If
you stand too close to a campfire,
you probably take a few steps
backwards to avoid the excessive
heat. Building a snowman without
gloves may also bring you
discomfort, but your parietal lobe
helps to communicate this
information with the rest of your
brain. The Parietal Lobe is found in
between the frontal and occipital
lobe. (Touch, smell, taste)
OCCIPITAL LOBE
 The OCCIPITAL LOBE,
found in the back of
your cerebrum, plays
a role in processing
visual information. It
can be related to
oculus, the Latin
word for eye. (Visual
Activity)
 TEMPORAL LOBE
 There are two TEMPORAL
LOBES, one in each
hemisphere - close to
where your ears are. It
primarily functions in
auditory processing.
However, it may also be
involved in emotion,
learning, and
pronunciation/learning a
new language.
THE DOMINANT SIDE OF
THE BRAIN
 THE THEORY OF BRAIN LATERALIZATION WAS DEVELOPED
BY NOBEL-PRIZEWINNERS
ROBERT ORNSTEIN AND ROGER SPERRY

 It states that each side of the brain has

different specific functions. While humans
use both sides, each one has a dominant
side which, according to the theory,
explains much about his or her behavior,
interests, personality, and mode of
thinking.
 This led to the coined terms left-brained or
right-brained individuals
 LEFT BRAINED PEOPLE ARE
ORGANIZED, LOGICAL AND DETAIL-
ORIENTED

The LEFT BRAIN is more verbal, analytical,

and orderly than the right brain. It’s sometimes
called the DIGITAL BRAIN. It’s better at things like
reading, writing, and computations.
According to Sperry’s dated research, the left brain
prefers:
 Logic, sequencing, mathematics, facts, thinking
in words, like to set goals, can interpret
information well, answer questions
spontaneously, and follow and read directions.
 RIGHT BRAINED PEOPLE ARE
INTUITIVE, RISK-TAKERS AND CREATIVE

The RIGHT BRAIN is more visual and

spontaneous. It’s sometimes referred to as the
ANALOG BRAIN. It has a more creative and less
organized way of thinking.
Sperry’s dated research suggests the right brain
is also connected to:
 Imagination, holistic thinking, intuition, arts,
rhythm, nonverbal cues, feelings
visualization, day dreaming, adventure,
writing, fantasies, expression
PERSONAL
DEVELOPM
ENT
Lesson 6: The Brain:
Developing a personal plan
Our Brain is ours to improve, What we
may put in today, learned today Will
be an undertaking for the rest of our
being, The being of how we form
personality.
-HERNANI PATCHES JR.
 PERSONAL PLAN
It turns out that you can do almost anything,
especially when you are at your comfortable places
to realize your potentials. In doing so, I would like to
share one aspect of developing your own “Personal
Plan” to enhance your brain function. Your own
personal plan can start your daily habit and
eventually be part of your personality.
 1. DO BRAIN TRAINING
-The idea is that we can literally "boost our
brains" with the correct types of mental
exercises. Because psychologists now know
quite a bit about what brain areas are
involved in what types of skills.
-‘Cognitive Training’
 2. EXTEND YOUR
EDUCATION
-We can all do the same thing for ourselves
and our kids by actively embracing problem
solving and learning every day.
-Do take courses, try to learn the second
language, and read that heavy book you
were avoiding.
3. MAINTAIN HIGH LEVELS
OF MENTAL ACTIVITY
-Simple games involving naming
objects and solving little puzzles
together, making learning a social and
educational matter, improve a child’s
IQ.
 4. STAY HEALTHY

-Exercise is free, and generally, there are no

side effects. Physical exercise increases your
blood flow, which increases the amount of
oxygen and glucose received by the brain.
-Exercise also generally involves physical
coordination.
 5. MEDITATE
-Meditation techniques vary widely, but
they all have some form of focus on
breathing and achieving calm.
-Research shows that meditation improves
concentration and memory.
6. EAT WELL
-There is quite a range of food ingredients
that are good for your brain, as well as no
end of marketing experts who will try to
sell you the extracted ingredient in pill
form or added yogurt.
 7. GET QUALITY SLEEP
-The brain does not shut off when we are
asleep.
-Psychologists have long understood that
our dreams, for example, are the reflection
of all the work our brains are doing.
8. THINK POSITIVE

-If we set high standards for ourselves

and believed that achieving them is
possible, indeed, they become
possible.
 9. HAVE A GOOD
RELATIONSHIP
-One particular form of memory that we
practice in relationships of all kinds is
known as “transactive” memory.
-Moreover, it turns out that the more
diverse your friends are in type, the more
they challenge you to think creatively.
 10. QUIT SMOKING
-Those people who smoked more than two packs of
cigarettes a day had twice the rate of dementia
when they were older.
-The good news is that those participants in the
study who used to smoke but stopped has no
increased risk of dementia and had normal brain
functioning until old age.
PETA 3
-Personal Plan using brochure
1.Plan
2.Definition/Meaning
3.Explain
 RUBRICS FOR PETA 3
Content- 30%
Creativity-20%
Timeliness-10%

total= 60%
THANK YOU AND
GOD BLESS!