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Teknologi Informasi, Internet Dan Pengguna

The document outlines the components of an information system, including people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and the Internet, emphasizing the importance of each part. It explains the different types of software, hardware, and computers, detailing their functions and examples. Additionally, it discusses the impact of cloud computing, wireless communication, and the Internet of Things (IoT) on technology and connectivity.

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Viona patricia Toding
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17 views30 pages

Teknologi Informasi, Internet Dan Pengguna

The document outlines the components of an information system, including people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and the Internet, emphasizing the importance of each part. It explains the different types of software, hardware, and computers, detailing their functions and examples. Additionally, it discusses the impact of cloud computing, wireless communication, and the Internet of Things (IoT) on technology and connectivity.

Uploaded by

Viona patricia Toding
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Buku

Acuan

Dosen :
Th. Prima Ari Setiyani
Personal computer (PC) is
as part of an information
system.

An information system has


several parts:
- people,
- procedures,
- software,
- hardware,
- data,
- and the Internet
1. People
- End users who use
computers to make
themselves more
productive
- People are the
most important part
of an information
system
The rules or guidelines for people to
follow when using software, hardware,
and data.

These procedures are typically


2. documented in manuals written by
computer specialists.
Procedures
Software and hardware manufacturers
provide manuals with their products.

These manuals are provided in either


printed or electronic form.
3. Software
• A program consists of the step-by-step
instructions that tell the computer how to
do its work
• The purpose of software is to convert
data (unprocessed facts) into information
(processed facts)
• For example, a payroll program would
instruct the computer to take the number
of hours you worked in a week (data)
and multiply it by your pay rate (data) to
determine how much you are paid for the
week (information).
4. Hardware

• The equipment that processes


the data to create information
• It includes smartphones,
tablets, keyboards, mice,
displays, system units, and
other devices.
• Hardware is controlled by
software.
5. Data
• The raw, unprocessed facts, including text,
numbers, images, and sounds.
• Processed data yields information.
• Using the previous example of a payroll
program, the data (number of hours worked and
pay rate) is processed (multiplied) to yield
information (weekly pay).
Allows computers to
connect to people and
other computers and share
information..
6. Internet:
This connectivity greatly
expands the capability and
usefulness of information
systems.
•To efficiently and effectively use the
computer, we need to understand
information technology (IT), including
- software,
- hardware,
- data,
- and connectivity.
Software or Programs are the instructions that
tell the computer how to process data Into
the form you want.

There are two major kinds of software:

Software
- system software

- application software
System software
Enables the application
software to interact with the
computer hardware
System software is
“background” software that
helps the computer manage
its own internal resources
System software include:
1. Operating systems : programs that coordinate
computer resources, provide an interface between users
and the computer, and run applications.
• Smartphones, tablets, and many other mobile devices
use embedded operating systems, also known as real-
time operating systems (RTOS).
• Desktop computers use standalone Operating systems
like Windows 10 or macOS.
• Networks use network operating systems (NOS)
2. Utilities perform: specific tasks related to
managing computer resources.
• One of the most essential utility programs that
every computer system should have is an
antivirus program.
• These programs protect your computer system
from viruses or malicious programs that are all
too often deposited onto your computer from the
Internet.
Application Software
• 1. General-purpose applications

• 2. Specialized applications
Programs that are more narrowly Focused on
specific disciplines and occupations.
Example: graphics and web authoring programs.
3. Mobile apps, also known
as mobile applications

• Small programs primarily designed


for mobile devices such as
smartphones and for tablet.
• There are over 5 million apps
• The most popular mobile apps are
for text messaging, Internet
browsing, social networking,
playing games, and downloading
music and videos
Hardware : consists of electronic devices that can
follow instructions to accept input, process the input,
and produce information

5 Types of computers
1. Supercomputers :
• The most powerful type of computer.
• These machines are special, high-capacity
computers used by very large
organizations.
• Supercomputers typically used to process
massive amounts of data
2. Mainframe computers:
• Occupy specially wired, air-
conditioned rooms
• Although not nearly as powerful
as supercomputers, mainframe
computers are capable ofgreat
processing speeds and data
storage.
• For example, insurance
companies use mainframes to
process information about
millions of policyholders.
3. Midrange computers:
• Also referred to as servers
• Computers with processing capabilities less
powerful than a mainframe computer yet
more powerful than a personal computer.
• Originally used by medium-size companies
or departments of large companies to
support their processing needs,
• Today midrange computers are most widely
used to support or serve end users for such
specific needs as retrieving Data from a
database or supplying access to application
software
4. Personal computers, also known as PCs
• Most widely used and
fastest-growing type of
computer.
• 5 types of PC : desktops,
laptops or notebook,
tablets, smartphones, and
wearables
• Tablet computers:
- Smaller, lighter, and generally less powerful than
laptops.
- Have a flat screen but typically do not have a standard
keyboard
- Use a virtual keyboard that appears on the screen and
is touch-sensitive.
• Smartphones or Cellphones: cell phones with wireless
connections to the Internet and processing capabilities
• Wearable devices : mobile computers include like
Apple’s Watch.
Personal computer hardware
System unit:
• Container that houses most of
the electronic components that
make up a computer system.
• Two important components of
the system unit are
microprocessors (controls and
manipulates data to produce
information) and memory
(ROM, RAM)
Input/output

• Input devices translate data and


programs that humans can understand
into a form that the computer can
process.
• The most common input devices are the
keyboard and the mouse
• Output devices translate the processed
information from the computer into a
form that humans can understand.
• The most common output device is the
display, also known as a monitor
Secondary storage

Holds data and programs even after


electric power to the computer system has
been turned off
The most important kinds of secondary
media are hard disks, solid-state storage,
and optical discs
Communication

Using communication devices personal computer routinely


communicates with other computer systems located as near as the next
office or as far away as halfway around the world, using the Internet

A modem is a widely used communication device that modifies audio,


video, and other types of data into a form that can be transmitted across
the Internet
Data
• Data is raw, unprocessed facts,
including text, numbers, images, and
sounds.
• When stored electronically in files,
data can be used directly as input for
the system unit
• Four common types of files
• 1. Document files
• 2. Worksheet files
• 3. Database files
• 4. Presentation files,
Connectivity and the Mobile Internet
• Connectivity is the capability of your personal
computer to share information with other computers
• Central to the concept of connectivity is the network.
• A network is a communications system connecting two
or more computers.
• The largest network in the world is the Internet
• The web provides a multimedia interface to the
numerous resources available on the Internet
Cloud computing

• Cloud computing uses the Internet


and the web to shift many
computer activities from a user’s
computer to computers on the
Internet.
• Rather than relying solely on their
computer, users can now use the
Internet to connect to the cloud
and access more powerful
computers, software, and storage
Along with the Internet, three other
things are driving the impact of
technology:
1. Cloud computing uses the Internet
and the web to shift many computer
activities from a user’s computer to
computers on the Internet.
2. Wireless revolution has changed the
way we communicate and use
computer technology.
3. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the
continuing development of the
Internet that allows everyday objects
embedded with electronic devices to
send and receive data over the
Internet.
Wireless
Communicati
on devices
CAREERS
in IT

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