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PCB Design

The document provides an overview of PCB design and layout, covering objectives, history, basic parts, and various standards. It discusses schematic diagrams, PCB layout considerations, and different methods for PCB prototyping. Key terminologies and types of PCBs are also defined, along with important design rules and best practices for effective PCB creation.

Uploaded by

Ronaldo Bermosa Jr.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

PCB Design

The document provides an overview of PCB design and layout, covering objectives, history, basic parts, and various standards. It discusses schematic diagrams, PCB layout considerations, and different methods for PCB prototyping. Key terminologies and types of PCBs are also defined, along with important design rules and best practices for effective PCB creation.

Uploaded by

Ronaldo Bermosa Jr.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PCB DESIGN

and
LAYOUT

Ronaldo B. Bermosa Jr.


RND/QA Engineering Dept.
Objectives
- What is PCB?
- What are the types of PCB?
- What is Schematic Diagram?
- What is PCB Layout?
- What are the Standards in PCB
Layout?
- How to Layout a PCB?
- What to consider in laying out a
PCB?
History
-1925, Charles Ducas patented
the Printed Wire Board with
conductive paint.

- 1943, Dr.Paul Eisler patented the


Printed Wire Board with conductor.
Image from http://www.google.com/patents/US1563731
http://www.ami.ac.uk/courses/ami4809_pcd/unit_01/
Basic Parts of PCB
• Substrate
-the board that holds the
whole circuit.

• Laminated Copper
-the conductor (wiring) part.
Terminologies
• Track or Trace
- It is the electrical connection
that links every components on a
PCB.
Terminologies
• Pad
Terminologies
• Via
Terminologies
• Overlay
Types of Via
4 Layer PCB
Types of Via
Straight ViaBlind Via

Buried
Via
Substrate Types
• FR-2, FR-1
-paper phenolic material.
• FR-4
-fibre glass epoxy laminate
• RF
-polytetraflouroethylene
• FLEX (PP, HDPE, PE)
-polyolefin
NEMA
National Electrical Manufacturers
Association
• Electrical Safety
• Flammability
• High Temperature Stability

• Moisture Absorption
MIL-I-46058C
USA Military Grade Specifications
• Coating (Solder Resist)

Types of PCB Coating:


AR – Acrylic Resin
ER – Epoxy Resin
SR – Silicon Resin
UR – Polyurethane Resin
XY – Paraxylylene
IPC (Institute for Printed
Circuits)
-Global Standard for assembly and production
of electronic assemblies.
• IPC-2221 to 2227 – Different types of
PCB

• IPC-2152 – Standard for Determining


Current-Carrying Capacity in Printed
Board Design
Different Standards
- From Different Countries

• National Electrical Manufacturers


Association
• American Society for Testing and Materials
• American National Standard Institute
• British Standard Institution
• European Committee for Electro-technical
Circuit Design
• Schematic Design

• PCB Layout

• Gerber Files

• Bill of Materials (BOM)


Schematic Diagram
- The blueprint of the circuit design.
Schematic First Rule
“Properly
Drawn”
• Neat
“EASY TO
• Complete
- Make READ!” Diagram easy to
the Schematic
Information
read!
• Exact representation of the
design
Schematic
Considerations
- Flow of current must be from left to
right.
Schematic
Considerations
- Use the Standard Schematic Symbols.

IEEE STD-315
Schematic
Considerations
- Ground should be pointing the ground.
Schematic
Considerations
- Emphasizing Sensitive Grounding.
Schematic
Considerations
- Place the component to where it should
be.
Schematic
Considerations
- Bypass capacitor must place vertically.
Schematic
Considerations
- Coupling capacitor must be placed horizontally.
Schematic
Considerations
- Put the IC pin number and functions.
Schematic
Considerations
- Put the complete part number of the
IC.
Schematic
Considerations
- Emphasize the large current
connections.
Schematic
Considerations
- Emphasize the high voltage
connections.
Schematic
Considerations
- Put instructions. (Notes and Warnings)
Schematic
Considerations
-Put details on the Schematic for
documentation purposes.
Schematic Summary
- Do all necessary things that will make
the schematic diagram “easy to read”.

- Assume that there will be other person/s


that will work with your schematic.

- Be detailed as much as possible!

- Use correct symbols and component


package.
PCB Layout

• What to consider?

• Why?

• How?
PCB Considerations
Plan the Layout
PCB Considerations
Isolatio
n
PCB Considerations
WRONG! (No-Isolation)
PCB Considerations
Correct
PCB Considerations
- Spacing between conductors on
individual layers should be
maximized whenever possible.
PCB Considerations
- Track Width and Thickness
should be based on recommended
IPC-2221 Standard or even
higher.
PCB Considerations
- Tenting the via is good.
PCB Considerations
• Always remember to put mounting
holes.
PCB Considerations
- Put strain relief for cables that will
be soldered on PCB.
PCB Considerations
- Always make the ground line as
wide as possible.

- When using connectors.

- Eradicate Ground Loop!


PCB Considerations
- And
Route
NOT
likethis!
this.
PCB Considerations
• Remove PCB Islands.

• Or Connect them to ground.


PCB Considerations
• Make sure the overlay of
components are easy to read.
• And not
this!
PCB Considerations
• Make sure that no overlay will
cover any via or pad.
PCB Considerations
• Place sample pads for debugging
purposes.

• Place connectors near the edge


of the PCB as much as possible .
PCB Considerations
• Always put a PCB revision
number for traceability purposes.

• Lessen the number of hole sizes.

• Use the PCB copper as heat sink


wherever possible.
PCB Prototyping
• Silk Screen Method
• Tape Method
• Drawing Pen Method
• Photolithography
• Machining Method
• Print Method
• Iron (Heating) Method
• Milling Method
Silk Screen Method

Image from ElectricMan1601 of youtube.com


Tape Method

http://tech101ag.blogspot.com/2011/10/pcb-etching.html uploaded by Aldwin


Manual Drawing
Method

http://www.instructables.com/id/Making-a-Hand-Drawn-PCB./?ALLSTEPS
Presensitized PCB

http://www.instructables.com/id/Fantastic-Double-Sided-PCBs-at-home-using photores/?ALLSTEPS
References

• IPC-2221 – PCB Standards


• BS EN 60664-1:2003
• https://www.ipc.org
• Rigid Printed Board Committee
• Martindale Electric UK

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