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picmicrocontrollerarchitecture-191009150632 (1)

The PIC microcontroller architecture is based on Harvard and RISC architectures, consisting of a CPU, memory organization (RAM, ROM, STACK), timers, ADC, DAC, and I/O ports. It supports various communication protocols like CAN, SPI, and UART, and features a program memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. Advantages include a small instruction set, built-in oscillators, low-cost options, and a wide range of interfaces for connectivity.

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4 views

picmicrocontrollerarchitecture-191009150632 (1)

The PIC microcontroller architecture is based on Harvard and RISC architectures, consisting of a CPU, memory organization (RAM, ROM, STACK), timers, ADC, DAC, and I/O ports. It supports various communication protocols like CAN, SPI, and UART, and features a program memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. Advantages include a small instruction set, built-in oscillators, low-cost options, and a wide range of interfaces for connectivity.

Uploaded by

Rani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PIC MICROCONTROLLER

ARCHITECTURE


microcontroller architecture
PIC
Bock diagram

Advantages
ARCHITECTURE:
IC Microcontroller architecture is based on
Harvard architecture and supports RISC
architecture (Reduced Instruction Set
Computer).
 PIC microcontroller architecture consists of

memory organization (RAM, ROM, STACK),


CPU, timers, counter, ADC, DAC, serial
communication, CCP module and I/O ports.
 PIC microcontroller also supports the

protocols like CAN, SPI, UART for interfacing


with other peripherals.
PIC MICROCONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE
BLOCK DIAGRAM
CPU (Central Processing Unit):
PIC microcontroller’s CPU consists of
1. Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

2. Memory unit (MU)

3. Control unit (CU)

4. Accumulator

 ALU is used for arithmetic operations and for logical decisions.


 Memory is used for storing the instructions after processing.
 Control unit is used to control the internal and external
peripherals which are connected to the CPU and accumulator
is used for storing the results.

MEMORY ORGANIZATION:
 PIC microcontroller memory module consists of mainly 3 types

of memories:
1. Program memory
PROGRAM MEMORY:
 It contains the written program after we
burned it in microcontroller.
 Program Counter executes commands stored

in the program memory, one after the other.


 PIC microcontroller can have 8K words x 14

bits of Flash program memory that can be


electrically erased and reprogrammed.
 Whenever we burn program into the micro,

we erase an old program and write a new


one.
DATA MEMORY:
 It is a RAM type which is used to store the
data temporarily in its registers.
 The RAM memory is classified into banks.

Each bank extends up to 7Fh (128 bytes).


 Number of banks may vary depending on

the microcontroller.
 PIC16F84 has only two banks. Banks contain

Special Function Registers (SFR) and General


Purpose Registers (GPR).
 The lower locations of each bank are

reserved for the Special Function Registers


and upper locations are for General Purpose
Registers.
General Purpose Registers (GPR):
oThese registers don’t have any special function.
o These are used for general purpose for multiplying,
addition or subtraction and then storing the results in
other registers.
o CPU can easily access the data in these registers.

Special Function Registers (SFR):


oThese registers are used for special purposes and
they cannot be used as normal registers.
oTheir function is set at the time of manufacturing.
o They perform the function assigned to them and user
cannot change the function of SFR.
o Three important SFRs for programming are:

1. STATUS register : It changes the bank


2. PORT registers : It assigns logic values 0 or 1 to the ports
3. TRIS registers : It is a data direction register for input and
DATA EEPROM:
 This memory allows storing the variables as
a result of burning the written program.
 It is readable and writable during normal

operation (over the full VDD range).


 This memory is not directly mapped in the

register file.
 It is indirectly addressed through the SFRs.

 There are six SFRs which are used to read

and write to this memory (EECON1, EECON2,


EEDATA, EEDATH, EEADR, EEADRH).
ADVANTAGES

 Small instruction set to learn.


 RISC architecture.

 Built-in oscillator with selectable speeds.

 Easy entry level, in-circuit programming plus

in-circuit debugging PIC kit units available for


less than $50.
 Inexpensive microcontrollers.

 Wide range of interfaces including I²C, SPI,

USB, USART, A/D, programmable comparators,


PWM, LIN, CAN, PSP, and Ethernet.
 Availability of processors in DIL package make

them easy to handle for hobby use.

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