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Module 2- RM

The document outlines the research process, divided into three main phases: deciding what to research, planning a research study, and conducting the study. Each phase includes specific steps such as formulating a research problem, conceptualizing a research design, and collecting data. It emphasizes the importance of careful planning and ethical considerations throughout the research process.

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rashmishroff2016
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5 views

Module 2- RM

The document outlines the research process, divided into three main phases: deciding what to research, planning a research study, and conducting the study. Each phase includes specific steps such as formulating a research problem, conceptualizing a research design, and collecting data. It emphasizes the importance of careful planning and ethical considerations throughout the research process.

Uploaded by

rashmishroff2016
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Research
Methodology
MODULE 2
RESEARCH PROCESS
Objective 2

 Steps Involved in research process


Phases of Research Process 3

 Phase I:
 Deciding what to research
 Phase II:
 Planning a research study
 Phase IIÏ:
 Conducting a research study
Phase I: 4

Deciding what to research


 Step I: Formulating a research problem
Phase II: 5

Planning a research study


 Step II
 Conceptualising a research design
 Step III
 Constructing an instrument for the data collection
 Step Iv
 Selecting a sample
 Step V
 Writing a research proposal
Phase IIÏ: 6

Conducting a research study


 Step VI
 Collecting data
 Step VII
 Processing and displaying data
 Step VIII
 Writing a research report
 Phase  Phase IIÏ: Conducting a research
I: Deciding what to
study
research 7
 Step VI
 StepI: Formulating a research  Collecting data
problem
 Step VII
 Phase II: Planning a research  Processing and displaying data
study  Step VIII
 Step II  Writing a research report
 Conceptualising a research design
 Step III
 Constructing an instrument for the
data collection
 Step Iv
 Selecting a sample
 Step V
 Writing a research proposal
Phase I: DECIDING what to do
Step I: Formulating a research problem
 Most important step, because the following steps are influenced by the
research problem
 What do you want to find out about?
 Have you got sufficient funds to do the research?
 Have you got the time available to conduct the study?
 Have you got knowledge of relevant disciplines?
 Do you have sufficient knowledge of skills needed?
Phase II: PLANNING a research study
Step II: Conceptualising a research design
What you find depends on how it was found
 Select an appropriate research design:
 Quantitative
 Qualitative
 Mixed methods
 The design has to be
 Valid
 Workable
 Manageable
 Be aware of its strengths and weaknesses
Phase II: PLANNING - continued

Step III: Constructing an instrument for data collection


How will you collect your data?
 Construct a research instrument or research tool to collect data (interview
schedules, questionnaires, notes on observations, diaries, interview guides,
etc.)
 Or use secondary data (information already collected for other purposes)
 Do a pre-testing of your research tool (pilot study)
Phase II: PLANNING – continued

Step IV: Selecting a sample


Who will take part in your research?
 Select appropriate sample/participants to represent the study population
 Avoid bias
 Random / probability samples
 Non-random / non probability samples
 Be aware of strengths and weaknesses of different sampling methods
Phase II: PLANNING - continued

Step V: Writing a research proposal


Write a detailed plan about your research:
 What are you proposing to do?
 How you plan to proceed?
 Why you select the proposed strategy?
Phase III: CONDUCTING a research study

Step VI: Collecting data


Doing the data gathering using one or more data collection method,
such as:
 conducting interviews
 mailing out questionnaires
 conducting nominal/focus groups discussions
 making an observation

Be aware of ethical issues!


Phase III: CONDUCTING - continued

Step VII: Processing and displaying data


What did you find how?
 Analysing the data depends on the type of information and how to
communicate the findings
 Distinguish between
 Descriptive
 Quantitative (statistical procedures)
 Qualitative
Phase III: CONDUCTING - continued
Step VIII: Writing a research report
What have you done? What conclusions have you drawn from the
findings?
 Different format for quantitative and qualitative research
 Structure using main themes of study
 Use academic conventions
16

Thank You

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