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BIOS1

The document provides an overview of BIOS and UEFI settings, highlighting their roles in computer startup procedures and the advantages of UEFI over traditional BIOS, such as support for larger drives and enhanced security features. It also discusses boot options, firmware updates, security settings, and the importance of the CMOS battery. Additionally, it explains CPU features, focusing on single-core versus multi-core processors and their impact on performance.

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nsubugajoshua909
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2 views

BIOS1

The document provides an overview of BIOS and UEFI settings, highlighting their roles in computer startup procedures and the advantages of UEFI over traditional BIOS, such as support for larger drives and enhanced security features. It also discusses boot options, firmware updates, security settings, and the importance of the CMOS battery. Additionally, it explains CPU features, focusing on single-core versus multi-core processors and their impact on performance.

Uploaded by

nsubugajoshua909
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BIOS/ UEFI SETTINGS

Basic Input/Output System,


computer program that is typically stored in
EPROM and used by the CPU to perform start-
up procedures when the computer is turned
on.
UEFI SETTINGS

• UEFI stands for Unified Extensible Firmware


• It does the same job as a BIOS, but with one
basic difference: it stores all data about
initialization and startup in an . efi file, instead
of storing it on the firmware
Cont……
• The BIOS is, possibly, one of the most
important aspects of a computer. You need to have
a good understanding of system BIOS and how to
modify the settings. Understand the importance of
selecting the proper boot sequence and how BIOS
provides low-level drivers that allow the operating
system to interact with various hardware
components. Comprehend the various stages in
the boot sequence, the system POST, and the role
BIOS plays in loading the operating system.
To boot to UEFI or BIOS:
• Open the firmware menus. You can use any of
these methods:
– Boot the PC, and press the manufacturer’s key to open
the menus. Common keys used: Esc, Delete, F1, F2,
F10, F11, or F12. On tablets, common buttons
are Volume up or Volume down During startup, there’s
often a screen that mentions the key. If there’s not one,
or if the screen goes by too fast to see it, check your
manufacturer’s site.
– Or, if Windows is already installed, from either the Sign
on screen or the Start menu, select Power (botton)
> hold Shift while selecting Restart. Select Troubleshoot
> Advanced options > UEFI Firmware settings.
UEFI was designed to overcome many
limitations of the old BIOS, including:
• UEFI supports drive sizes upto 9 zettabytes, whereas BIOS only supports 2.2 terabytes.

• UEFI provides faster boot time.

• UEFI has discrete driver support, while BIOS has drive support stored in its ROM, so

updating BIOS firmware is a bit difficult.

• UEFI offers security like "Secure Boot", which prevents the computer from booting

from unauthorized/unsigned applications. This helps in preventing rootkits, but also

hampers dual-booting, as it treats other OS as unsigned applications. Currently, only

Windows and Ubuntu are signed OS (let me know if I am wrong).

• UEFI runs in 32bit or 64bit mode, whereas BIOS runs in 16bit mode. So UEFI is able to

provide a GUI (navigation with mouse) as opposed to BIOS which allows navigation
Cont….
• A zettabyte is a unit of measurement used by technology
professionals and the general public to describe a
computer or other device's storage capacity. The number
of bytes is equal to 2 to the 70th power, also expressed as
1 sextillion bytes.
• One zettabyte is approximately equal to one thousand
exabytes or one billion terabytes. The measurement
zettabyte, along with other metric amounts, is determined
by the International Electro technical Commission (IEC),
an organization responsible for International Standards
and Conformity Assessment for computer and electronic
technologies. They set standards across technology
including measurements for computer storage.
Boot Options

• You can set the sequence of devices to boot


from in the boot option settings. You usually
boot from the hard drive, but you may want to
boot from an optical drive or flash drive. The
boot sequence tells the BIOS where to look to
load the operating system. It will proceed
down the list in the order configured until it
finds an operating system to load.
Firmware Updates

• Always check the version of the BIOS you are


using before doing an upgrade. This can be
found in your system information utility, or by
typing msinfo32 into the cmd prompt. Most
manufacturers offer BIOS upgrades directly
from their website, as a simple download, and
it is a very straight forward process. Just
download the correct file, based on the type
of system you have, and run the update to
begin the installation. This entire procedure is
Security Settings

• You are able to secure access to the BIOS, or


to the operating system, by setting certain
passwords from within the BIOS. These
security measures require a password at
startup to load the operating system or make
changes to the BIOS.
Cont….
• Security
• Security settings control access to the BIOS and set security features.
• Passwords—The supervisor or admin password, if enabled, requires a
password to view and set all BIOS settings. The user or system password
allows minor changes such as time and date or boot options to be set.
• Drive encryption—An encryption key can be set to access an encrypted
hard drive. If set, that key must be used for decryption, even if the drive
is moved to another computer.
• TPM—The Trusted Platform Module is a security chip that stores
cryptographic keys.
• LoJack—A feature that enables a stolen device to be tracked, locked,
and/or wiped
• Secure boot—Secure boot ensures that the operating system and
drivers are authorized versions without malicious code before loading
them.
CMOS Battery
• The CMOS (complementary metal oxide
semiconductor) battery was originally used to
maintain system settings stored in CMOS RAM
since it was volatile. It is also used to power
the systems real-time clock. Over the years,
CMOS RAM has been replaced by flash
memory that does not require a battery to
maintain data; however, the real-time clock
still requires a battery. As a preparation for
this test, you should know how to locate and
replace the CMOS battery.
CPU Features

• There are several important features of CPUs that are important to


consider. You need to understand the different features and their
impact on performance.
• Single-Core
• A core is the part of the CPU that reads and executes instructions. As
the name implies, a single-core CPU has one core. Most of today’s
CPUs have multiple cores.
• Multi-core
• A core is the part of the CPU that reads and executes instructions.
Multi-core CPUs have more than one core. This allows different
threads of instructions to be run simultaneously, with each core
running one thread, resulting in faster performance. A dual-core
processor will run faster than a single core, but not quite twice as
fast. There are also quad-core, eight core, and other types of
multicore processors.

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