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Unit-I Therapeutic Communication

This document outlines the objectives and components of therapeutic communication in nursing, emphasizing the importance of effective communication and various modes such as verbal, nonverbal, and electronic. It details the communication process, including steps from thinking to understanding, and highlights therapeutic communication techniques that foster nurse-patient relationships. Additionally, it discusses factors influencing communication and the phases of the nurse-patient relationship.

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6 views

Unit-I Therapeutic Communication

This document outlines the objectives and components of therapeutic communication in nursing, emphasizing the importance of effective communication and various modes such as verbal, nonverbal, and electronic. It details the communication process, including steps from thinking to understanding, and highlights therapeutic communication techniques that foster nurse-patient relationships. Additionally, it discusses factors influencing communication and the phases of the nurse-patient relationship.

Uploaded by

rajasameer9pp
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prepared and Presented by Mrs Margus

Date: February 04,2025


Objectives
• By the end of this unit learners will be able to:
• Introduction to therapeutic communication
• Communication Process
• Importance of effective communication
• Factors influencing Communication Process
• Principles of Communication
Objectives
• Modes of Communication
• Verbal Communication
• Non Verbal Communication
• Electronic Communication
• Written Communication
• Group Communication
• Interpersonal Communication
Objectives
• Communication Techniques in Nursing
• Nurse- Patient Relationship
• Phases of Nurse-Patient Relationship
• Therapeutic Communication
• Techniques like active listening,
• restating, reflecting, clarifying, summarizing,
• Non- Therapeutic Techniques
• Application of Therapeutic Communication like Health Teaching,
Interviewing the client
Communication

Exchanging information, ideas or feelings between two

or more people. It is a basic component of human

relationships, including nursing


Purpose of Communication

• Gathering Information. Collecting data and insights to make informed decisions.


• Validating Information. Confirming the accuracy and relevance of the collected
information.
• Sharing Information. Disseminating knowledge, ideas, and updates to others.
• Building Relationships. Developing trust and rapport through meaningful interactions.
• Expressing Feelings. Conveying emotions to connect on a personal level.
• Imagining. Sharing creative and conceptual thoughts to foster innovation and
understanding.
• Influencing. Persuading and guiding others to align with certain ideas or actions.
• Meeting Social Expectations. Fulfilling societal norms and engaging in appropriate
interactions
Process/Elements of communication
Effective communication relies on six essential elements that ensure clarity and
understanding.
•Referent or Stimulus. The motivation behind communication, such as an
objective, emotion, or need that prompts an individual to communicate.
•Sender or Encoder. The individual who initiates the message, converting
thoughts into communicable information.
•Message. The content of the communication, including the information, ideas, or
feelings being conveyed.
•Channel. The medium through which the message is transmitted, such as auditory
(spoken words), visual (written text, images), or tactile (touch).
•Receiver or Decoder. The person who receives the message and interprets its
meaning.
•Feedback. The response from the receiver that indicates whether the message was
understood as intended, completing the communication loop.
Steps in the Communication Process

1. Thinking. The communication process begins with formulating the idea or message. The
nurse identifies what needs to be communicated, such as instructions for a medication
regimen or an update on a patient’s condition. For example, a nurse decides to explain the
importance of taking prescribed antibiotics to a patient recovering from surgery.
2. Encoding. In this step, the nurse translates thoughts into communicable forms, such as
spoken words, written text, or gestures. This involves choosing the right words and
communication methods that the patient will understand. For example, the nurse might use
simple language and supportive gestures to explain the antibiotic regimen to an elderly patient
who may have difficulty understanding complex medical terms.
3. Transmitting. The nurse sends the encoded message through a chosen channel, such as
face-to-face conversation, a written note, or a digital message. The choice of channel depends
on the situation and the patient’s needs. For instance, the nurse might sit down with the
patient and verbally explain the medication instructions while also providing a written handout
for reference.
4. Perceiving. The receiver (patient) perceives the message through their senses,
such as hearing the nurse’s words, reading the written instructions, or observing
the nurse’s gestures. The patient listens to the nurse’s explanation and reads the
provided handout, absorbing the information through auditory and visual
channels.
5. Decoding. The patient interprets the message by processing the received
information to make sense of it. This step involves the patient’s cognitive
abilities and background knowledge. For example, the patient thinks about the
nurse’s instructions and relates them to their own understanding of medication
schedules.
6. Understanding. The final step is when the patient comprehends the intended
message, fully grasping the nurse’s instructions or information. Effective
understanding ensures that the patient knows what is expected and can follow
through appropriately. For instance, the patient understands the necessity of
taking antibiotics at specific times and the importance of completing the course
to prevent infection.
Factors Influencing the Communication Process

• DEVELOPMENT
• GENDER
• VALUES AND PERCEPTIONS
• PERSONAL SPACE
Modes of Communication

• Verbal Communication
• Nonverbal Communication
• Electronic Communication
• Group Communication
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
• Pace and intonation,
• Simplicity,
• Clarity and
• Brevity,
• Timing and relevance,
• Adaptability,
• Credibility,
• Humor
NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
• PERSONAL APPEARANCE
• POSTURE AND GAIT
• FACIAL EXPRESSION
• GESTURES
Therapeutic communication
• Is an interpersonal interaction between the nurse and the client during
which the nurse focuses on the client’s specific needs to promote an
effective exchange of information.

Skilled use of therapeutic


communication techniques
helps the nurse understand
and empathize with the
client’s experience.
Goals of Therapeutic Communication

• Establish a therapeutic nurse-client relationship.


• Identify the most important client concern at that moment (the client-centered goal).
• Assess the client’s perception of the problem as it unfolds; this includes detailed
actions (behaviors and messages) of the people involved and the client’s thoughts
and feelings about the situation, others, and self.
• Facilitate the client’s expression of emotion.
• Teach the client and the family necessary self-care skills.
• Recognize the client’s needs.
• Implement interventions designed to address the client’s needs.
• Guide the client toward identifying the plan of action to a satisfying and socially
acceptable resolution
Therapeutic Communication Techniques

• Choosing the appropriate therapeutic communication


technique is critical in establishing and maintaining
the nurse-patient relationship
What are None-Therapeutic Communication Techniques?
Phases of Helping/Nurse-Patient Relationship

1. Pre-interaction Phase
2. Introductory Phase
3. Working Phase
4. Termination Phase

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