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CE062-Lesson 2 - Design Philosophies

The document outlines key principles of structural engineering, emphasizing the importance of equilibrium in building design and detailing various design philosophies such as Allowable Stress Design (ASD) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD). It provides specific equations and examples for calculating controlling load combinations, factored loads, and required nominal strengths for structural components under different load conditions. The document also highlights the significance of safety factors and allowable strengths in ensuring structural integrity.

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Alahn Ericson Juarez
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3 views

CE062-Lesson 2 - Design Philosophies

The document outlines key principles of structural engineering, emphasizing the importance of equilibrium in building design and detailing various design philosophies such as Allowable Stress Design (ASD) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD). It provides specific equations and examples for calculating controlling load combinations, factored loads, and required nominal strengths for structural components under different load conditions. The document also highlights the significance of safety factors and allowable strengths in ensuring structural integrity.

Uploaded by

Alahn Ericson Juarez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Engr. Resty B.

Sumanga, MBA, RCE,


SPECIAL NOTE:

•STRUCTURE SHOULD BE IN EQUILIBRIUM

• THE BUILDING “SHOULD NOT MOVE”

• EQUATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM:
• ΣM = 0
• ΣFx = 0
• ΣFy = 0
SPECIAL NOTE:
TYPES OF DEFORMATION OF THE STEEL

Elongate or Compacted(shorten)
Due to tensile force or compressive force respectively
DESIGN PHILOSOPHIES

DESIGN

SAFE ECONOMIC

Required Strength ≤ Available Strength Minimum Weight/Smallest Cross Section


DESIGN PHILOSOPHIES

ALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN LOAD AND RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN


(ASD) (LRFD)

Required Strength ≤ Allowable Factored Load ≤ Factored Strength


Strength Sum of all service loads to be Nominal/Theoretical
resisted by the member. Each Strength multiplied by the
is to be multiplied by its own resistance factor or reduction
𝑵𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍
Allowable Strength = 𝑺 𝒕𝑺𝒓𝒂𝒆𝒇𝒏𝒆𝒈𝒕𝒕𝒚𝒉 load factor. factor.

𝑭𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓

𝑹 Ru ≤ φ
𝒏
Ra ≤ Ω
Rn
DESIGN PHILOSOPHIES
ALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN LOAD AND RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN
(ASD) (LRFD)
Ra in different ASD Load Combination Ru in different LRFD Load Combination

D = Dead Load W = Wind Load


L = Live Load E = Earthquake Load
Lr = Roof Live Load
DESIGN PHILOSOPHIES

LOAD AND RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN


NSCP 2015 SECTION 2023.3 (LRFD)

F1=1.0 When live load is greater than 4.8kPa

F1=0.5 When live load is less than or equal to


4.8kPa
SITUATION 1

A column (compression member) in the upper story of a building is subjected to the following loads:
Dead Load (D) = 109 kN compression
Floor Live Load (L) = 46 kN compression
Roof Live Load (Lr) = 19 kN compression
Earthquake Load (E) = 20 kN compression

a. Determine the controlling load


combination for LRFD and the
corresponding factored load.
b. If the resistance factor is 0.90, what
is the required nominal strength?
c. Determine the controlling load
combination for ASD and the
corresponding required service load
strength.
A. Determine the controlling load combination for LRFD and the corresponding
factored load.
Ru

= 1.4(109) = 152.6
kN
= 1.2(109) + 1.6(46) + 0.5(19) = 213.9 kN
Given:
Dead Load (D) = 109 kN = 1.2(109) + 1.6(19) + 0.5(46) = 184.2
kN
Floor Live Load (L) = 46
kN
= NOT REQUIRED, NO WIND LOAD GIVEN
Roof Live Load (Lr) = 19 kN
5U-1 = 1.2(109) + 1.0(20) + 0.5(46) = 173.8 kN
Earthquake Load (E) = 20 kN
5U-2 = 1.2(109) - 1.0(20) + 0.5(46) = 133.8 kN
7U-1 = 0.9(109) + 1.0(20) = 118.1 kN
= NOT REQUIRED, NO WIND LOAD GIVEN
7U-2 = 0.9(109) - 1.0(20) = 78.1 kN
B. If the resistance factor is 0.90, what is the required nominal
Rn
strength?

Ru ≤ φ Rn

213.9 kN ≤ 0.90
(Rn)

Rn ≥ 237.67
kN
C. Determine the controlling load combination for ASD and the
corresponding
required service load strength. Ra
= (109) = 109 kN

= (109) + (46) = 155 kN


Given:
Dead Load (D) = 109 kN
= (109) + (19) = 128 kN
Floor Live Load (L) = 46 kN

= (109) + 0.75(46) + 0.75(19) = 157.75 kN


Roof Live Load (Lr) = 19 kN

= NOT REQUIRED, NO WIND LOAD GIVEN


Earthquake Load (E) = 20 kN

6S-1 = (109) + 0.714(20) = 123 kN

6S-2 = (109) - 0.714(20) = 94.72 kN


D. If the safety factor is 1.67, what is the required nominal strength based on the

required service load strength? Rn

𝑹
Ra ≤ 𝒏
Ω
𝑅
𝑛
157.75 kN ≤ 1.6
7

Rn ≥ 263.44
kN

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