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Router Basics

A router is a device that forwards data packets between networks and is connected to at least two networks. It has various internal hardware components, interfaces, and can be categorized into types such as non-modular, modular, and chassis routers. Configuration commands allow users to manage settings, assign IP addresses, and perform routing, which is essential for data transmission across the Internet.

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0 views

Router Basics

A router is a device that forwards data packets between networks and is connected to at least two networks. It has various internal hardware components, interfaces, and can be categorized into types such as non-modular, modular, and chassis routers. Configuration commands allow users to manage settings, assign IP addresses, and perform routing, which is essential for data transmission across the Internet.

Uploaded by

masud36531
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Router

A router is a device that forwards data packets


along networks. A router is connected to at least
two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a
LAN and its ISP's network. Routers are located at
gateways, the places where two or more networks
connect.
Internal Hardware of a
Router
 Processor
 Motherboard
 RAM (Random Access Memory)
 NVRAM (Non Volatile Random Access

Memory)
 Flash (IOS-Internetwork Operating System)
Interfaces of a Router
 Console
 Aux
 Ethernet/ Fastethernet/ Gigabitethernet
 Serial/ Smart Serial
 SFP
 USB
Types of Router
Non Modular Router
Non-modular router are low-end router and
have fixed interfaces/Cards, we cannot able
to add ports/interfaces latter on. This class
of routers used to connect a home or small
business ISP users.
Types of Router
Modular Router
In modular router the interfaces are not
fixed so that we will be able to installed
cards latter on this router.
Types of Router
Chassis Router
A Chassis is a frame/housing for mounting
the circuit components for Cisco Switches
and Routers or any type of devices that
provides power and a high-speed
backplane. The frame also protects all of
the vital internal equipment from dust,
moisture, and tampering.
Configuration commands
Configuration Commands
Router Mode Command Description
Prompts
Continue with No To enable the
configuration user mode
dialog?
[yes/no]:

Router> User mode Enable To enter into


the router
privilege mode
Router# Privilege mode Show running- Will show the
config content from
RAM
Router# Privilege mode Show startup- Will show the
config content from
NVRAM
Router# Privilege mode Show flash Will show the
content from
flash
Configuration Commands
Router Mode Command Description
Prompts
Router# Privilege mode Configure To enter global
terminal configuration
mode
Router(config)# Global Hostname Will change the
configuration Dhaka router
mode hostname
Router# Privilege mode Show ip route Will show the
routing table
Router# Privilege mode Ping Used to check
the connectivity
Changing the Hostname
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.
End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname Dhaka
Dhaka(config)#
Setting Password
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.
End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#line con 0
Router(config-line)#password 123
Router(config-line)#login
Router(config-line)#exit
Router(config)#enable password 456
Router(config)#line vty 0 4
Router(config-line)#password 789
Password Encryption

Router(config)#service password-encryption

Saving and Erasig the Configuration


Router#copy running-config startup-config
Or
Router# write memory
Router# write erase [Erase the
configuration]
Router# reload [Router restarts]
Assign IP address
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1
255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0,
changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Routing
In internetworking, the process of moving a
packet of data from source to
destination. Routing is usually performed by
a dedicated device called
a router. Routing is a key feature of the
Internet because it enables messages to pass
from one computer to another and eventually
reach the target machine.
Types of Routing

 Default
 Static Routing
 Dynamic Routing

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