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chapter 1

Chapter 1 discusses the nature of matter, explaining that all matter is composed of tiny, moving particles. It outlines the three states of matter—solid, liquid, and gas—along with their properties and behaviors. The chapter also covers changes in physical states and the kinetic theory of matter, providing a revision checklist for key concepts.

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Naw Sahblut Moo
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5 views

chapter 1

Chapter 1 discusses the nature of matter, explaining that all matter is composed of tiny, moving particles. It outlines the three states of matter—solid, liquid, and gas—along with their properties and behaviors. The chapter also covers changes in physical states and the kinetic theory of matter, providing a revision checklist for key concepts.

Uploaded by

Naw Sahblut Moo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 1

The Nature of matter

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY


In this chapter , You will find out

❖ Changes of State
❖ Diffusion
❖ Kinetic energy

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC


Everything is made of tiny, moving particles and invisible to the naked eye

❖ Rock, air and water look very different.


But they have one big thing in common: Evidence in the lab
they are all made of very tiny pieces, far too small Place a crystal of potassium
to see.
manganate VII in a beaker of water.
For the moment, we will call these pieces particles.
The colors spreads through the water.
Why? First the particles leave the
crystal- it dissolves. Then they mixed
among the water particles
The three state of matter
❖ Matter - Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Three point of physical state – Solid , Liquid and Gas

This Photo by Unknown Author is


licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

Physical State Volume density Shape Fluidity

Solid Has a fixed high Has a definite Does not flow


volume shape
liquid Has a fixed Moderate to high No definite Generally flow
volume shape- take a easily
shape of a
container
Gas No fixed volume- low No definite flow easily
expends to fill shape- take a
the container shape of a
Changes of Physical State
Changes of Physical State
Kinetics Theory of Matter

❖ Solid - Particles only vibrate about fixed position. Regular structure.


❖ Liquid - particles have some freedom can move around each other.
❖ Gas - Particles moved freely at random in all the space available. Collide less often than
in liquid.
Revision Checklist

❖ Give example of evidence, from the lab, that matter is made of particles
❖ Describe, and sketch , particle arrangement in each state
❖ Explain the pressure increases when you :
- heat a gas
- pit it into a smaller space
❖ Use the ideas of particles to explain why:
(a) solid have a definite shape
(b) liquid fill the bottom of container
(c ) a balloon expands as you blow into it
References
❖ Richard harwood and Lan Lodge “ Cambridge IGCSE
Chemistry Course Book, 4th Edition, 2014
❖ RoseMarie Gallagher and Paul Ingram “ Complete
chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE, 2nd Edition, 2011
❖ Jim Clark, Steve Owen and Rachel Yu “ EDEXCEL
International GCSE (9-1) Chemistry Book, 1st Edition,
2017

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