ELECTRIC CHARGES

AND FIELDS
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1 Mark Questions
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MCQ, Assertion and Reasoning, etc
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1. In an experiment three microscopic latex spheres are sprayed into a chamber and became charged with
charges +3e, +5e and -3e respectively. All the spheres came in contact simultaneously for a moment and got
separated. Which one of the following possible values for the final charge on spheres?
(a) +5e, -4e, +5e (b) +6e, +6e, -7e

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(c) -4e, +3.5e, +5.5e (d) +5e, -8e, +7e

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2. An object has charge of 1 C and gains 5.0 x 10 18 electrons. The net charge on the object becomes
(a) -0.80 C (b) +0.80 C

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(c) +1.80 C (d) +0.20 C

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3. The dimensional formula of electric flux is

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(a) [M1L2T-2A-1] (b) [M-1L3T-3A1]
(c) [M1L3T-3A-1]

a re (d) [M1L-3T-3A-1]

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4. What is the SI unit of electric flux

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(a) x m2 (b) Nxm2

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(c) (d) xC2
5. If 𝑠= 0 inside a surface, that means:
(a) There is no net charge present inside the surface
(b) Uniform electric field inside the surface
(c) Discontinuous field lines inside the surface
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(d) Charge present inside the surface

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6. Four charges +8Q -3Q +5Q and -10Q are kept inside a closed surface. What will be the outgoing flux through

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the surface

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(a) 26 V-m (b) 0 V-m
(c) 10 V-m
b
(d) 8 V-m

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7. If s =0 over a surface, then

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(a) the electric field inside the surface and on it is zero

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(b) the electric field inside the surface is necessarily uniform

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(c) the number of flux lines entering the surface must be equal to the number of flux lines leaving it
(d) all charges must necessarily be outside the surface
8. The electric flux through the surface
(a) In fig (iv) is the largest

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(b) fig (iii) is the least
(c) fig (ii) is same as fig (iii) but is smaller than fig (iv)
(d) is the same for all the figures
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9. Consider a uniform spherical distribution of Radius R1 centered at the origin O. In this distribution, a spherical
cavity of Radius R2 centered at P with distance OP=a=R1-R2 is made. If the electric field inside the cavity at
position is E(), then the correct statement is

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(a) is uniform, its magnitude is independent of R2, but its direction depends on

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(b) is uniform, its magnitude depends of R2, but its direction depends on

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(c) is uniform, its magnitude is independent of a, but its direction depends on a

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(d) is uniform and both its magnitude and direction depends on

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10. The surface densities on the surfaces of two charged spherical conductors of radii R1 and R2 are equal. The

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ratio of electric field intensity on the surface is
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1:1
11. Consider an uncharged conducting sphere. A positive point charge is placed outside the sphere.
The net charge on the sphere is then,

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(a) Negative and uniformly distributed over the surface of sphere.
(b) Positive and uniformly distributed over the surface of sphere.

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(c) Negative and appears at a point surface of sphere closest to point charge.

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(d) Zero

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which net electric field is zero due to these charges is A
12. Two-point charges +8q and -2q are located at x = 0 and x = L respectively. The point on x- axis at

(a) 8L (b) 4L (c) 2L

d b (d) L

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13. Two-point charges +8q and -2q are located at x=0 and x =L respectively. The location of a point

a
on x-axis at which the net electric field due to these two-point charges is zero in
(a) 2L

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(b) L/4 (c) 8L (d) 4L

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14. Electric field lines are curved
(a) in the field of a single positive or negative charge
(b) in the field of two equal and opposite charges.
(c) in the field of two like charges.
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(d) both (b) and (c)

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15. Electric lines of force about a positive point charge are

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(a) radially outwards (b) circular clockwise

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(c) radially inwards (d) parallel straight lines

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16. Which of the following is false for electric lines of force?

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(a) They always start from positive charge and terminate on negative charges.

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(b) They are always perpendicular to the surface of a charged conductor.
(c) They always form closed loops.

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(d) They are parallel and equally spaced in a region of uniform electric field.
17. A closed surface in vacuum encloses charges -q and +3q. Another charge -2q lies outside the
surface. Total electric flux over the surface is

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(a) Zero (b) 2q/ϵo (c) -3q/ϵo (d) 4q/ϵo

charge enclosed by the surface is

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18. The number of electric lines of force radiating from a closed surface in vacuum is1.13 x 10 11. The

(a)1 C (b) 1 μC (c) 0.1 C

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(d) 0.1 μC

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19. The value of electric field inside a conducting sphere of radius R and charge Q will be:
(a) (b)

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20. Charge Q is kept in a sphere of 5 cm radius first, then it is kept in a cube of side 15 cm, the

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outgoing flux will be
(a)More in case of sphere

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(b)More in case of cube
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(c)Same in both cases
(d)Information incomplete
21. Two equal balls having equal positive charge ‘q’ coulombs are suspended by two insulating
strings of equal length. What would be the effect on the force when a plastic sheet is inserted

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between the two?

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22. Sketch the electric field line for +q and –q.

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23. Why do the electric field lines never cross each other?

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24. Why do the electrostatic field lines not form closed loops?

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25. Draw the electric field lines of a point charge Q where (i) Q>0 (ii) Q<0

will it tend to move?

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26. A proton is placed in a uniform electric field directed along the positive x-axis. In which direction

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27. Electric flux over an area in an electric field represents the ……….. crossing this area.

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28. A charge Q is enclosed by a Gaussian spherical surface of radius R. If the radius is doubled, then

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the ………. will remain the same.

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29. Draw a pattern of electric field lines due to two positive charges placed a distance d apart?

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30. Why do the electrostatic field lines not form closed loop?
31. Draw the pattern of electric field lines when a point charge +Q is kept near an uncharged
conducting plate.
32. Two point charges q1 and q2 are placed at a distance d apart as shown in the fig. The electric
filed intensity is zero at the point P on the line joining them as shown. Write two conclusions that
you draw from this.

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33. Two point charges q1 and q2 are placed at a distance d apart as shown in the fig. The electric

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filed intensity is zero at the point P on the line joining them as shown. Write two conclusions that

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you draw from this.

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34. A few electric field lines for a system of two charges Q1 and Q2 are fixed at two different points
on the x-axis are shown in the fig. What is the nature of charges?

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35. Why do the electric field lines never cross each other?
36. A point charge +Q is placed in the vicinity of a conducting surface. Draw the electric field lines
between the surface and the charge.

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37. Figure shows the field lines on a positive charge. Is the work done by the field in moving a small
positive charge from Q to P positive or negative? Give reason.

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38. The following fig. shows electric lines of force due to a point charges q1 and q2 placed at points A and

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B respectively. Write the nature of charge on them.

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39. A few electric field lines for a system of two charges Q1 and Q2 fixed at two different points on
the x-axis as shown in the fig. Where can be the electric field due to two charges be zero?

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40. Name the principle which is mathematical equivalent to Coulomb’s law and superposition
principle.

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41. A charge q is placed at the centre of a cube of side ‘l’ what is the electric flux passing through

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two opposite faces of the cube?

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Assertion and Reasoning
Two statements are given. One labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled reasoning. Select the

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correct answers to their questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) are given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

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(b) Both A and R true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

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(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is also false.

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42. Assertion: A point charge is brought in an electric field, then electric field at a nearby point may

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increase or decrease.

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Reason: The electric field is dependent on the nature of charge

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43. Assertion: Electronic lines of force cross each other.

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Reason: Electric field at a point does not superimpose to give one resultant electric field.

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44. Assertion: A way from a charge filed lines gets weaker and density of field lines is less resulting
in well separated lines.
Reason: Only a finite number of lines can be drawn from a charge.
45. Assertion- Electric flux is a vector quantity.
Reason- Electric flux is expressed as vector product of electric field vector and area vector.

zero.
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46. Assertion- Electric flux through closed spherical surface enclosing an electric dipole is

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Reason- Net charge enclosed inside a spherical surface when a dipole is inside it is zero.

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47. Assertion- Gaussian surface is purely imaginary surface.

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Reason- Electric field at every point on a Gaussian surface is same.

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48. Assertion- Gaussian surface can be drawn outside the body or within the body.

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Reason- It is purely imaginary surface.
49. Assertion- Electric field at a point inside spherical shell with a charge uniformly spread
on its outer surface is zero.

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Reason- There is no charge enclosed within the closed shell.

distance.
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50. Assertion- Electric field at any point away from linear charge distribution decreases with

Reason- Electric field at any point away from linear charge distribution is expressed as E= .
51. Assertion: A negative charge in an electric field moves along the direction of the electric field.
Reason: On a negative charge a force acts in the direction of electric field.

velocity of charged particle.

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52. Assertion: Acceleration of a charged particle in non-uniform electric field does not depend on

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Reason: Charge is an invariant quantity. That is the amount of charge on particle does not depend

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on frame of reference.

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53. Assertion: Net electric field inside a conductor is zero.

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Reason: Total positive charge equals to the total negative charge in a charged conductor.

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54. Assertion: All the charge in a conductor gets distributed on whole of its outer surface.

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Reason: In dynamic system charges try to keep their potential energy minimum.

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55. Assertion: The tires of aircrafts are made slightly conducting.

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Reason: If a conductor is connected to the ground, the extra charge induced on the conductor will

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flow to the ground.
56. Assertion: The Coulomb force is the dominating force in the universe.
Reason: The Coulomb force is weaker than the gravitational force
57. Assertion- A closed spherical shell has inward electric flux.
Reason- Net charge enclosed inside spherical shell is negative.

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58. Assertion- Electric field at any point due to infinitely long plain charged sheet is same.
Reason- Electric field at any point due to infinitely long plain charged sheet is expressed as E=σ/ϵo.

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59. Assertion- A charge Q is placed on a height of h/2 above the centre of a square of height h. The

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charge is displaced to point h/4 below. The flux through the square remains unchanged.

depends only on magnitude of charge.

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Reason- The flux associated with the square is independent of position of the charge inside cube but

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60. Assertion- Number of electric lines of forces emanating from 1 μ C charge in vacuum is 1.13 x 10 5.

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Reason- This follows from Gauss Theorem in Electrostatics.

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61. Assertion- Electric flux through a given area changes as its orientation with field direction
changes.
Reason- ΦE= ∮ 𝒔EdScosθ
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62. Assertion- In case of charged spherical shells, E-r graph is discontinuous while V -r graph is
continuous.

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Reason- According to Gauss’s theorem only the charge inside a closed surface can produce electric

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field at some point.

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63. Assertion- Net electric flux through closed spherical surface of radius 5 cm enclosing charge +q is

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halved when radius is increased to 10 cm.

is fixed.
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Reason- Electric flux through closed surface decreases with increase in its volume if charge enclosed

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64. Assertion- Displacing the charges within the closed surface does not affect net electric flux
through the closed surface.

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Reason- Net electric flux through a closed surface is independent of charge distribution/location

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within the closed surface.

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65. Assertion: Electric force acting on a proton and e-, moving in a uniform electric field is same,

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whereas acceleration of e is 1836 times is lighter than that of a proton.

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Reason – Electron is lighter than proton.
66. Assertion- As force is a vector quantity, hence electric field is also a vector quantity.
Reason – The unit of electric field intensity is newton per coulomb.
67. Assertion – The electric lines of forces from a point charge and can merge at a negative charge.
Reason – A charge of force to move in electric field moves along an electric line of force.

equilateral triangle, then the electric field intensity at the centre is zero.
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68. Assertion – Three equal charges are situated as a circle of radius r such that they form

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Reason – The force on unit positive charge at the centre, due to three equal charges are

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represented by the three sides of a triangle taken in the same order. Therefore, electric field

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intensity at centre is zero.

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69. Assertion –A point charge is brought in an electric field. The filed at a nearby point will increase

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whatever be the nature of the charge.

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Reason – The electric field is independent of the nature of charge.

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2 Mark Questions ju n
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1. State the superposition principle for electrostatic force on a charge due to number of charges.

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2. A force F is acting between two point charges q 1 and q2. If a third charge q3 is placed quite close to
q2, what happens to the force between q 1 and q2?

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3. i) The electric field E due to a point charge at any point near it is defined as E= , where q is the test

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charge and F is the force acting on it. What is the physical significance of

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(ii) Draw electric field lines of a point charge Q when (a) Q>0 (b) Q<0.

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4. A small metal sphere carrying a charge +Q is located at the center of a spherical cavity is a large
uncharged metallic spherical shell. Write the charges on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell.

b
Write the expression for the electric field at the point P1.

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5. Two point charges q1 and q2 are located at point (a,0,0) and (0, b,0) respect. Find the electric
field due to both these charges at the point (0,0, e).
6. What is Gaussian surface? What is its use?
7. S1 and S2 are two hollow concentric spheres (S2 outer sphere and S1 inner sphere) enclosing

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charges 9Q and 3Q respectively. What is the ratio of electric flux through S 1 and S2? What
would be electric flux through S1, if air inside S1 is replaced by a medium of dielectric constant

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3?

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8. A hollow cube of side 5cm encloses a charge of 6C at its centre. What is the net flux through
one of the square face of cube? How would flux through square face change if 6C charge is
placed as 4C and 2C inside the cube at two different points?

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9. State the law of conservation of charge. Give two examples to illustrate it. (2009)

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10. How does the speed of an electrically charged particle affects its mass and charge?
11. Write Coulombs law in vector form. What is the importance of expressing it in vector form?

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12. Two-point charge 4μc and 1μc are separated by a distance of 2m in air. Find the point on

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the line joining charges at which the net electric field of the system is zero.

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13. Two identical point charges q each are kept 2m apart in air. A third point charge Q of
unknown magnitude and sign is placed on the line joining the charges such that the system
remains in equilibrium. Find the position and nature of Q.
14. Explain briefly, using proper diagram in difference in behavior of conductor and dielectric in the
presence of external electric field.

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15. Write any two properties of electric field lines.

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16. Three small spheres each of charge +q are placed on circumference of a circle such that they form an

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equilateral triangle. What is the electric field intensity at the center of the circle?

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17. A surface element =25 is placed in an electric field = 4 + 8 + 14. What is the electric flux emanating
from the surface?

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18. An infinite line charge produces a field of 9 x 104 N C-1 at a distance of 0.02 m. Calculate the linear
charge density

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19. State Coulomb’s law in vector form and prove that F21 = - F12, where letters have their usual meaning.

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20. Define electric field intensity. What is its S.I unit? What is the relation between electric field and
force?

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21. A metallic solid sphere is placed in a uniform electric field. The lines of force follow the path shown
below. Which field lines follow the path?

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22. If the total charge enclosed by a surface is zero, does it imply that the electric field everywhere on the
surface is zero? Conversely, if the electric field everywhere on a surface is zero, does it imply that net
charge inside is zero?
23. An infinite number of charges each equal to 4μc are placed along the x-axis at x=1m, x=2m &
x=4m as so on. Find electric field at the origin due to given set of charges.

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Q24. A wire AB of length L has linear charge density λ=Kx, where x is measured from the end A of

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the wire. This wire is enclosed by a Gaussian hollow surface. Find the expression for electric flux
through the surface. Q25.A uniformly charged conducting sphere of 2.4 m diameter has a surface

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charge density of 180 μC/m2.

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(a) Find the charge on the sphere.

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(b) What is the total electric flux leaving the surface of the sphere?

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25. A charge of 17.7 x 10-4 C is distributed over a large sheet of area 400 cm2 . Calculate the electric

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field intensity at a distance of 10 cm from it.
26. A large plane sheet of charge having surface charge density 5 x 10-16 Cm-2 lies in XY plane. Find
electric flux through a circular area of radius 1 cm. Given normal to the circular area makes an angle
of 60o with Z-axis.
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3 Mark Questions ju n
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1. A particle of charge 2µC and mass 1.6g is moving with a velocity 4î ms -1. At t = 0 the
particles enters in a region having an electric field E (in N C -1) = 80î + 60ĵ. Find the velocity

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of particle at t = 5s.

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2. A particle of mass 10-3 kg and charge 5C enters into a uniform electric field of 2 x 10 5
N/C, moving with a velocity of 20 m/s in a direction opposite to that of the field.

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Calculate the distance it would travel before coming to rest.
3. State and prove Gauss Theorem.

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4. Using Gauss theorem obtain an expression for electric field intensity at a point due to

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infinitely long line charge distribution. Sketch graphically variation of E with distance r.

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5. Using Gauss theorem obtain an expression for electric field intensity at a point due to
thin infinite sheet.

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6. Give six properties of electric charges?

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7. Two point charges q1 and q2 are located at points (a,0,0) and (0, b, 0) respectively. Find
the electric field due to both these charges at the point (0, 0, c).
8. The electric field induced in a dielectric when placed in an external field 1/10 times the
external field. Calculate relative permittivity of the dielectric.
9. S1 and S2 concentric spheres such that radius of S2 is greater than that of S1 . The spheres enclose
charges of Q and 2Q respectively,
(a) What is the ratio of electric flux through S1 and S2?

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(b) How will the electric flux through the sphere S1 change, if a medium of dielectric constant K is

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introduced in the space inside S1 in place of air?

introduced in the space inside S2 in place of air?

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(c) How will the electric flux through the sphere S1 change, if a medium of dielectric constant K is

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10. A metallic spherical shell has an inner radius R1 and outer radius R2. A charge Q is placed at the

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centre of the spherical cavity. What will be surface charge density on
a) the inner surface

a re b) the outer surface?

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11. Consider a uniform field = 30 x 103 NC-1. Calculate the flux of this field through a square surface
area of 100 cm2

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(a) When its plane is parallel to Y-Z plane.
(b) When the normal to its plane makes an angle of 60o with X -axis.

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(c) When parallel to X-Y plane.

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12.The electric field components due to a charge inside the cube of side 0.1 m are, Ex=α x, where α

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= 500 N/Cm-1, Ey= 0, Ez=0. Calculate flux through the cube and charge inside the cube.

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Case Based Questions ju n
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1. An electric field lines in general is a curve drawn in such way that
the tangent to it at each point is in the direction of the electric field at that point.
A field lines is a space curve, i.e. a curve in three dimensions. Electric field
lines are then used to pictorially map the electric field around a charge or
a configuration of charges:

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The density of field lines in more near the charge. Away from the charge, the

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field is weak, so the density of field lines is less.
(1). Direction of electric field on field lines is determined by

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(a) Field lines moving from –ve to +ve charge.

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(b) At the point of intersection of field lines.

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(c) By the tangent at that point on the field lines.
(d) None of above.

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(2). The electric field lines of negatively charged particles are

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(a) Radial and outwards. (b) Radial and inwards.

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(c) Circular and anti-clockwise. (d)Circular and clockwise.
Q14. The spacing between two electric field lines indicate it
(a) Charge (b) Position (c) Strength (d) None of the above
2. A spherical dome in an expo consists of magical fan fixed inside it. The blades of fan have a total
charge of 6 C deposited on it. The dome is also surrounded by four such identical fans fixed outside it,
each carrying a charge of 6 C on its blade. When a fan inside the dome is switched ON, the charge

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deposited on the blades of a fan flies off but remains inside the dome. However, when the fans outside
the dome are switched ON charge deposited on the blades remain confined to blades. The dome is

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covered by electrosensitive glittering sheet whose glittering intensity varies directly as the electric flux

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falling upon its surface varies.

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(1) What is the net electric flux through the closed surface of dome, when all the fans are switched OFF?

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a) 6C/ϵo b) 1 C/ϵo c) 30C/ϵo d) 1 C/12ϵo

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(2) What is the net electric flux through the closed surface of dome, when all the fans are switched ON?
a) 30C/ϵo b) 1 C/ϵo

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c) 6C/ϵo d) 1 C/12ϵo

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(3) Which of the following observations is correct for glittering intensity of electrosensitive sheet

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covering the dome?

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a) Glittering intensity is zero when fan inside the dome is switched OFF

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b) Glittering intensity is maximum when fan inside the dome is switched ON
c) Glittering intensity is always constant whether the fan inside is switched ON or OFF
d) Glittering intensity varies as outside fans are switched ON
(4) Name the principle which explains the observation of glittering intensity of electrosensitive
sheet.

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a) Coulomb’s law in electrostatics
b) Gauss theorem in electrostatics

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c) Superposition principle of charge

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d) None of the above

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3. Coulomb’s law
This law is a quantitative statement of about the force between two-point charges. When the

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linear sizes of charged bodies are much smaller than the distance between them, their sizes may

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be ignored and the charge bodies are called point charges. After retiring from his active services

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as a military engineer in 1776, Coulomb discovered a torsion balance to measure a small quantity

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of force and used it for determination of forces of attraction or repulsion between small charged

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spheres. He thus arrived in 1785 at the inverse square law relation, now known as Coulomb’s law.

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He found that the force between two-point charges varied inversely with the square of the

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distance between the charges and was directly proportional to the product of the magnitude of

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the charges and acted along the line joining the two charges. Coulomb’s law is an electrical

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analogue of Newton’s law of Universal Gravitation in mechanics. |F1| = |F2| = k (q1 x q2)/r

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(I) Identify the wrong statement in the following Coulomb’s law correctly describes the electric
force that

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(a) Blinds the electrons of an atom to its nucleus.
(b) Binds the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

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(c) Binds atoms together to form molecules.
(d) Binds atoms and molecules to form solids.
(II) Two charges 3 x 10-5C and 5 x 104C are placed at a distance 10cm from each other. The value of
electrostatic force acting between them is

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(a) 13.5 x 1011 N (b) 40 X 1011 N (c ) 180 x 109 N (d) 13.5 x 1010 N

times, where n is
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2. Each of two point charges is doubles and their distance is halved. Force of interaction becomes n

(a) 4 (b) 1 (c) 18

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(d) 16

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3. The minimum value of force acting between two point charges placed 1 m apart from one

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another is
(a) ke2 (b) ke
b
(c) ke/4 (d) ke2/2

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4. A and B are two identical spherical charged bodies which repel each other with force F, kept at a

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finite distance. A third uncharged sphere of same size is brought in contact with sphere B and
removed. It is then kept at a mid-point of A and B. Find the magnitude of the force on C.
(a) F/2

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(b) F/8 (c) F (d) Zero

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4. Smallest charge that can exist in nature is the charge of an electron. During friction it is the only
transfer of electrons which makes the body charged. Hence net charge on any body is an integral

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multiple of charge of an electron [1.6x10-19C] i.e. I.e. q=ne, where n=1, 2, 3…… Hence nobody can
have a charge represented as 1.1e, 2.7e…etc. Recently, it has been discovered that elementary

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particles such as protons or neutrons are composed of more elemental units called quarks.

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1.Which of the following properties is not satisfied by an electric charge?

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(a) Total charge conservation.
(b) Quantization of charge.

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(c) Two type of charge.
(d) Circular line of force.

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2. Which one of the following charges is possible?
(a) 5.8x 10-18C

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(b) 3.2x10-18C

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(c ) 4.5x10-19C (d) 8.6x10-19C

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3. If a charge on a body is 1nC, then how many electrons present on the body?
(a) 6.25x1027 (b)1.6x1019
(c ) 6.25x1028 (d) 6.25x109

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4. If a body gives out 109 electrons every second, how much time is required to get a total charge of
1C from it?

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(a)190.19 years (b)159.12 years
(c ) 198.19 years (d) 188, 21 years

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b
5.A polythene piece rubbed with wool is found to have a negative charge of 3.2x10 -7C. Calculate the

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number of electrons transferred.
(a) 2x1012
(c ) 2x10
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(b)3x1012

a
(d)3x1014

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p
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5 mark Questions ju n
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by
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p a
p re
1. (a) Point charge (+Q) is kept in the vicinity of uncharged conducting plate sketch
electric field lines between the charge and the plate.

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(b) Plot a graph showing the variation of Coulomb force (F) versus 1/r2, where r is the
distance between two charges of each pair of charges (1µC, 2µC) and (1µC, -3µC).

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Interpret the graphs.

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2. Two point charges of +1 µC and +4 µC are kept 30 cm apart. How far from the +1µC

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charge on the line joining the two charges will the net electric field be zero?

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(b) Two point charges 4 𝜇c & 1 𝜇c are separated by a distance of 2m in air. Find the
3. (a) Define electric field intensity. Write its SI unit.

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point on the line joining the charges at which the net electric field of the system is zero.

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a
4. Obtain the expression for electric field intensity due to a

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(a) Point charge and
p
p
(b) due to system of charge Plot the graph for the variation for E and r.
5. State the principle of superposition and use it to obtain the expression for the total
force exerted on a point charge due to an assembly of (N -1) discrete point charges.