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Intro to Philo q1 l2

The document discusses philosophical tools and processes, emphasizing the importance of asking questions to gain knowledge and understanding. It categorizes philosophical questions into simple, serious, and deep types, and highlights the role of logical reasoning, including deductive and inductive reasoning, in philosophy. Additionally, it references notable philosophers like Socrates and Karl Marx, explaining their contributions to philosophical methods.

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Maria Fe Magbanua
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2 views

Intro to Philo q1 l2

The document discusses philosophical tools and processes, emphasizing the importance of asking questions to gain knowledge and understanding. It categorizes philosophical questions into simple, serious, and deep types, and highlights the role of logical reasoning, including deductive and inductive reasoning, in philosophy. Additionally, it references notable philosophers like Socrates and Karl Marx, explaining their contributions to philosophical methods.

Uploaded by

Maria Fe Magbanua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 2

PHILOSOPHICAL
TOOLS AND
PROCESSES
• Philosophy uses reason to
arrive
at a certain knowledge or truth
• Greek philosophers gave us
how to
use our intellect to understand
realities
The tools that
frequently they
utilized are the
1.Philosophical Questions -
following:
philosophy was born
because of ignorance. If
one is ignorant, he asks
questions and if he keeps
on questioning the more
In our daily struggles,
one needs to ask
questions simple,
serious and deep
questions that we have
to cope with. A
philosopher is like a
child who has an
inquisitive mind who
never stops asking
questions and finding
answers.
3 CATEGORIES
OF
PHILOSOPHICAL
QUESTIONS
01 Simple Questions
(influenced by curiosity and
02 Serious Questions 03 Deep Questions
(influenced by our experiences and (influenced to search for meaningful

.
sense of wonder)

1.What is this?
.
circumstances)
.
1.Why do I have to study?
answers)

1.Where can one find true


2. What do I need to get better happiness?
2. What does this do? grades? 2. Why do good people suffer?
3. Why are trees tall? 3. What should I do to achieve my 3. What can we do to make the
goals in life? world a better place?
4. Why is the sky so far
4. What can I do to be better? 4. Why do I have to be a good
away?
Can you give
examples of SIMPLE,
SERIOUS, and DEEP
questions?
Simple, Serious,
or Deep?
1.Do you respect yourself?
2.Why does suffering happen?
3.Can computers be creative?
4.Should we eat meat?
5.What is the goal of humanity?
6.Do you like who you are?
7.Can you describe colors?
8.How can we change the world for the
better?
-considered as the foremost
philosopher of ancient
times
-he is known for Socratic Method,
also known as elenchus, elenctic
method, or socratic debate is a
form of cooperative
argumentative dialogue between
individuals, based on asking
and answering questions to
stimulate critical thinking and
to draw out ideas and underlying Socrates
-known for his Dialectical Method
-the FATHER OF COMMUNISM

Dialectics- term used to describe a


method of philosophical argument that
involves some sort of contradictory
process between opposing sides. (ex:
life imprisonment or death penalty.

As a dialectical method, it is a discourse


between two or more people holding different
points of view about a subject but wishing to
establish the truth through reasoned
Karl Marx
The tools that
frequently they
utilized are the
2. Logical Reasoning - in
following:reasoning is the
philosophy,
process of thinking about
something in a logical way in
order to form a conclusion or
judgement
• Reasoning is the method we use
in doing philosophy
• All branches of philosophy
employ reasoning in explaining
their arguments
One type of logical
reasoning is the
DEDUCTIVE
REASONING
EXAMP
Premise 1 LE Concl usi on
Premise 2
All human Therefore,
re s id e n t
beings are But the th e P
mor t a l President of of the
the Ph ilip pi n e s i s
Philippines is mortal
a human
b ei n g
Deductive
General/ Universal
argument to
Specific/Particular
argument - conclusion
Second type of logical
reasoning is the
INDUCTIVE REASONING
EXAMPLE
Premise Conclusion
Student A, B, C, D, E, Therefore, ALL
F ......... are wearing students are
School ID.
wearing ID
Inductive
Particular /Specific
argument to General/
Universal argument -
conclusion
Can you give examples of
INDUCTIVE and
DEDUCTIVE
REASONING?
Inductive or
Deductive?
1.
Ilocano’s are known to being
stingy.
Eric is Ilocano.
3.
The item that Jenny brought
from an online store easily got
broken, it was made in China.
Therefore, Eric is also stingy. Therefore, items made in
China are known to be
defective

2. 4.
Two residents in one Barangay Students from La Salle are
in Tondo tested positive in known to be rich kids.
COVID-A9 Vince is a student from La
Therefore, it is not generally Salle.
safe to go to Tondo. Therefore, Vince must be a
rich kid.
Than
k
you!

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