Unit 5

E- Governance
E-Governance
• E-governance refers to the delivery of
national or local government information and
services via the Internet or other digital
means to citizens or other governmental
agencies. E-government is a one-stop
Internet gateway to major government
services.
• At the most basic level, it's about putting
services online and making it easier for
people to access them. On a broader
definition, it involves an effort by the
government to lead society from an
industrial to an information age.
 e-Governance Services
• Electronic commerce and business regulations
• Taxation and revenue
• Law Enforcement and Courts
• Digital democracy
• Agriculture
• Education
• Health
• Transport
 Advantages of e-Governance
• Improves delivery and efficiency of government services
• Improved government interactions with business and industry
• Citizen empowerment through access to information
• More efficient government management
• Less corruption in the administration
• Increased transparency in administration
• Greater convenience to citizens and businesses
• Cost reductions and revenue growth
• Increased legitimacy of government
• Reduces paperwork and red-tapism in the administrative process
which results in better planning and coordination between
different levels of government
• Re-structuring of administrative processes
 G2C (Government to Citizens)

• Interaction between the government and the

citizens.
• This enables citizens to benefit from the efficient
delivery of a large range of public services.
• Expands the accessibility and availability of
government services and also improves the quality
of services
• The primary aim is to make the government citizen-
friendly.
 G2B (Government to Business)
• It enables the business community to interact with the
government by using e-governance tools.
• The objective is to cut red-tapism which will save time
and reduce operational costs. This will also create a
more transparent business environment when dealing
with the government.
• The G2B initiatives help in services such as licensing,
procurement, permits and revenue collection.
 G2G (Government to Government)

• Enables seamless interaction between various

government entities.
• This kind of interaction can be between various
departments and agencies within government or
between two governments like the union and state
governments or between state governments.
• The primary aim is to increase efficiency, performance
and output.
 G2E (Government to
Employees)
• This kind of interaction is between the
government and its employees.
• ICT tools help in making these interactions fast
and efficient and thus increases the satisfaction
levels of employees.
 Timeline
• Establishment of DoE in 1970 - Department of Electronics (DoE)
• Establishment of NIC in 1977- National Informatics centre (NIC)
• Establishment of NICNET and VSAT in 1987
• national satellite-based computer network NICNET and V-SAT
terminal at almost every district of the country.
• NICNET supported district information system of the National
Informatics Centre programme to computerize all district offices in
the country for which free hardware and software was offered to
the state governments.
• Establishment of DISNIC
 Timeline
• 1990s: Railways & other initiatives:
• A National Task Force on Information
Technology and Software Development was set-
up in 1998.
• The Ministry of Information Technology was
created at the Centre in 1999.
• The Information Technology Act (2000) was
enacted. This Act was amended in 2008.
• The first National Conference of States’ IT
Ministers was organised in the year 2000, to
arrive at a Common Action Plan to promote IT
in India.
• The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) was
launched
• The National Policy on Information
Technology (NPIT) was adopted in 2012.
What are the objectives of the National e-Governance
Plan?

• Improvement in service delivery to citizens

• Ease in providing information
• Increase efficiency in working between states or
between centre and state
• Improve interaction with businesses and different
industries
• Bringingtransparency and accountability in
government matters
 How can e-Governance transform India?

• MyGov – aims at establishing a link between Government

and Citizens.
• DigiLocker– a platform where citizens can securely
exchange documents with service providers and store them
• e-Hospital Online Registration Framework (ORF) –
initiative for patients to avail online OPD appointments with
government hospitals
• Reviving agricultural sector- digitisation of land records
• Digital payment- implementing digital payment tools like
BHIM-UPI, Bharat QR Code, National Electronic Toll
Collections
• Aadhar Enabled Payment System (AEPS)- for banking
services and digital payment
• DARPAN– online tool to keep an eye on critical and high
profile projects implemented state wise
• PRAGATI (Pro-Active Governance and Timely
Implementation) – a system that aims at establishing e-
accountability and implementing e-transparency
• Mobile Seva – services to people on their mobile phones and
tablets
• National Scholarships Portal (NSP)– a centralised
platform to apply and receive scholarships for students
• Common Services Centres 2.0 (CSC 2.0)– information
technology so that citizens receive social, government, and
private services at the doorstep.
 e-Kranti – Electronic Delivery of Services

• Government of India accords highest priority to the

Digital India programme that is an umbrella
programme for transforming India into a digitally
empowered society and knowledge economy.
• The pillars 4 and 5 of the Digital India programme,
namely ‘e-Governance: Reforming Government
through Technology’ and ‘e-Kranti - Electronic
Delivery of Services’ respectively are directly linked
to the e-Kranti: National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) 2.0.
 DIGITAL INDIA
These vision areas of Digital India are expected to be achieved by nine
pillars of Digital India viz.
1. Broadband Highways;
2. Universal Access to Mobile Connectivity;
3. Public Internet Access Programme,
4. e-governance : Reforming Government through Technology;
5. e-Kranti Electronic Delivery of Services;
6. Information for All;
7. Electronics Manufacturing;
8. IT for Jobs; and
9. Early Harvest Programmes
 Successful e-Governance
• BHOOMI ofprojects infirst
Karnataka: The states
e-governance project on
Land Records Computerization System.
• WARANA of Maharashtra: ‘Wired Village’ concept at
Warana cooperative complex in Kolhapur and Sangli districts
in Maharashtra.
• RASI (Rural Access to Services through Internet): Rural
IT infrastructure in Tamil Nadu.
• E-SEVA of Andhra Pradesh: Provides services relating to
payment of Utility Bills, Certificates, Permits / licenses,
reservation etc.
 Successful e-Governance
projects in states
• IT for Railways: Railway Reservation Systems and online
delivery of tickets.
• Community Benefits: Community centres with IT: The
Government of India has set up
• Community Information Centres (CICs) in the North East
and Sikkim. These CICs provide broadband Internet access at
each block.They provide services such as birth and death
registration, and act as e-Suvidha service facilitation centres
for marriage and SC/ST certificates.
• Tax Administration: Better, faster, easier: In order to
ensure that tax administration, including that of VAT, is
faster and easier, the Empowered Committee of State
Finance Ministers has flagged off an initiative called
the National Tax Information Exchange System
(TINXSYS) project across the country.

• FRIENDS (Fast, Reliable, Instant, Efficient

Network for the Disbursement of Services) which
was launched in June 2000 is a Single Window Facility
providing citizens the means to pay taxes and other
financial dues to the State Government
 e-chaupal
• Choupal is an initiative of ITC Limited, a
conglomerate in India, to link directly with
rural farmers via the Internet for procurement of
agricultural and aquaculture products like
soybeans, wheat, coffee etc.
• E-choupal is a virtual market place where farmers
can transact directly with a processor and can
realize better price for their produce.
• Farmers can access the latest local and
global information on weather, scientific
farming practices and market prices at the
village itself through the web portal in
Indian languages – Hindi, Marathi,
Kannada and Telegu.
ICT (Information Communication
technology)
 Benefits of ICT
• Economic equality
• Social mobility
• Democracy
• Economic growth
 Usage of ICTs facilitates
• Access of information through Internet for emails,
• social media, websites, databases and search engines;
• mobile phones for SMS and call-ins
• E-Governance
• E-chaupal
• https://
www.itcportal.com/businesses/agri-business/e-choupal.asp
x
 Non- Government Organizations
• Non-governmental organizations are a
wide spectrum of organizations which
may be non-governmental, quasi- or
semi- governmental, voluntary or non-
voluntary organization, partisan or non-
partisan formal or non-formal, non-
profit or profit oriented bodies
registered under special Act.
• Non-governmental organizations collects funds for its
financial support, from private sources, donations, etc.
NGOs utilize the funds, through paid or unpaid workers,
used primarily for generating awareness and development
on areas like education, health and environmental issues of
public concern
 Various Role and Functions of NGOs
• Catalyze Rural Population
• Build Models and Experiment
• Supplement Government Efforts
• Organizing Rural Poor
• Educate the Rural People
• Provide Training
• Disseminate Information
• Mobilization of Resources
• Promote Rural Leadership
• Represent the Rural People
• Act as Innovators
• Ensure People’s Participation
• Promote Appropriate Technology
 Top 10 NGO’s in India
• Samman Foundation- They work for the rickshaw
pullers by providing opportunities to live their normal
livelihood.
• Goonj- works for the flood relief measures.
• Akshaya Trust - They work for the helpless mentally ill,
old and sick and road side destitute living in Madurai.
• Smile Foundation-They provide healthcare services to
the under privileged class of the society .
 Top 10 NGO’s in India
• Udaan Welfare Foundation- Work for Children
and destitute women
• Pratham- works for the Education for the
underprivileged society in Mumbai
• Lepra Society- Works for people who are suffering
from AIDS, Leprosy and Tuberculosis with special
reference to women and Children.
• Deepalaya- Work for the issues of poor and downtrodden
Children.
• Helpage India- HelpAge India has been providing support
to India’s abandoned, poor and isolated elderly folk.
• Nanhi Kali- by educating the girl child. In partnership with
21 others NGOs that help the Nanhi Kali project to
implement its cause, every sponsor gives a selected girl
child the required academic and material support.
 Social Marketing and Development: An
Overview
• Social marketing is an approach used to develop activities aimed at
changing or maintaining people’s behaviour for the benefit of individuals
and society as a whole.

• Combining ideas from commercial marketing and the social sciences,

social marketing is a proven tool for influencing behaviour in a
sustainable and cost-effective way
 Aspects of Social marketing
• Social marketing’s focus on behaviour change,
• understanding of communication as persuasion
(“transmission of information”),
• top-down approach to instrument change
suggested an affinity with modernization and
diffusion of innovation theories.
 Teach India Campaign
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j13RnZLYWDQ
• This case is about The Times of India's social marketing
initiatives.
• Though TOI was one of the largest circulated newspapers in the
world, it was criticized for promoting 'yellow journalism'.
• In order to build its brand image, TOI adopted a social marketing
strategy and projected itself as an agent of social change by
launching a series of social campaigns highlighting social issues.
• One of them was 'Teach India'. The 'Teach India' campaign was
launched on 6 July 2008, with the objective of providing
education to the underprivileged children in India and
eradicating illiteracy.
• The campaign was divided into two phases. The first phase invited
citizens of the country to volunteer with a non-government
organization (NGO) in their locality and spend two hours a week
teaching underprivileged children.
• The second phase, which started at the end of 2008, selected
students from top educational institutes all over the country who
were willing to dedicate two years to teaching the underprivileged.
• To execute the campaign, TOI tied up with select NGOs in the field of
education in multiple cities across India. Corporations, schools, and
social organizations also lent their support to the campaign.
• The campaign was promoted through print, television, on-line,
outdoor and on-ground events. While the campaign won some of the
most prestigious advertising awards, experts remained divided in
their opinion on whether TOI had adopted a genuine approach to
initiating social changes in India, or whether it was just a marketing
gimmick to enhance the brand image of the Times Group.
 examples
• https://
www.brandloom.com/best-cause-marketing-campaigns-in-i
ndia
 CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)
• Corporate Social Responsibility (also known as Corporate
Citizenship) means the responsibility taken by the
companies or the corporates towards the betterment
of society as a whole. Companies undertake these
activities for upgradation in the lives of the people.
 Basic Constituents of
CSR

Contribute Make Improveme

towards a
Towards
sustainable
desirable nt of social Business
economic social environme &
developme changes nt
Society
nt
• To promote education in society.
• To organize programs designed to enhance the vocational skills among
people.
• To promote health care and sanitation.
• To organize seminars and programs in order to educate people about the
environment and sustainable development.
• Setting up of orphanages, old age homes and daycare centres.
• Promote training for sports
• To contribute during the times of natural calamities like earthquakes,
droughts and floods.
• To promote programmes and schemes for poverty alleviation, eradication of
hunger, providing safe drinking water, health care measures, rural
development programs.
• To promote infrastructure development for building schools, hospitals, sports
training complexes, etc.
 Nanhi Kali
• Project Nanhi Kali is an Indian non-governmental
organisation that supports education for underprivileged
girls in India. Founded by Anand Mahindra in 1996, it is
jointly managed by the Naandi Foundation and the KC
Mahindra Education Trust, which is part of the corporate
social responsibility activities of the Mahindra Group.
Nanhi kali project