Scribd
Upload
2 views

Chapter 2

The document outlines various optimization problems related to resource allocation in different scenarios, such as grocery store shelf space for cereals, advertising budgets for a company, volunteer scheduling for a hospital, packaging for a hardware store, and furniture manufacturing. Each problem includes constraints and objectives that need to be formulated as linear programming (LP) models to maximize profits or minimize costs. The document emphasizes the importance of effective resource utilization to achieve optimal outcomes.

Uploaded by

g5xwqjm2kf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Chapter 2

The document outlines various optimization problems related to resource allocation in different scenarios, such as grocery store shelf space for cereals, advertising budgets for a company, volunteer scheduling for a hospital, packaging for a hardware store, and furniture manufacturing. Each problem includes constraints and objectives that need to be formulated as linear programming (LP) models to maximize profits or minimize costs. The document emphasizes the importance of effective resource utilization to achieve optimal outcomes.

Uploaded by

g5xwqjm2kf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

2.

14 In the Ma-and-Pa grocery store, shelf space is limited and must be


used effectively to increase profit. Two cereal items, Grano and
Wheatie, compete for a total shelf space of 60 ft . A box of Grano
occupies .2 ft and a box of Wheatie needs .4 ft . The maximum daily
demands of Grano and Wheatie are 200 and 120 boxes, respectively. A
box of Grano nets $1.00 in profit and a box of Wheatie $1.35. Ma-and-
Pa thinks that because the unit profit of Wheatie is 35% higher than that
of Grano, Wheatie should be allocated 35% more space than Grano,
which amounts to allocating about 57% to Wheatie and 43% to Grano.
What do you think?
%Area of Grano + %Area for Wheatie = 100
But
%Area for Wheatie = 1.35 %Area of Grano
Then
%Area of Grano + 1.35% Area for Grano = 100
%Area of Grano = 42.5%
Subject to:

Optimal Solution and Objective Function


2-17 Show & Sell can advertise its products on local radio and
television (TV). The advertising budget is limited to $10,000 a month.
Each minute of radio advertising costs $15, and each minute of TV
commercials $300. Show & Sell likes to advertise on radio at least
twice as much as on TV. In the meantime, it is not practical to use more
than 400 minutes of radio advertising a month. From past experience,
advertising on TV is estimated to be 25 times as effective as on radio.
Determine the optimum allocation of the budget to radio and TV
advertising.
Subject to:
Problem 2 HW:
A hospital employs volunteers to staff the reception desk between 8:00
a.m. and 10:00 p.m. Each volunteer works three consecutive hours
except for those starting at 8:00 p.m. who work for two hours only. The
minimum need for volunteers is approximated by a step function over
2-hour intervals starting at 8:00 a.m. as 8, 6, 8, 6, 4, 6, and 5. Because
most volunteers are retired individuals, they are willing to offer their
services at any hour of the day (8:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.). However,
because of the large number of charities competing for their service, the
number needed must be kept as low as possible. Formulate this problem
as an LP model.
8 8
6 6 6
4 5

8 – 10 AM 10 – 12 PM 12 – 2 PM 2 – 4 PM 4 – 6 PM 6 – 8 PM 8 – 10 PM
Subject to:
8 AM 4 PM
9 AM 5 PM
10 AM 6 PM
11 AM 7 PM
12 PM 8 PM
1 PM 9 PM
2 PM
3 PM
Problem 3:
A hardware store packages handyman bags of screws, bolts, nuts, and
washers. Screws come in 100-lb boxes and cost $120 each, bolts come
in 100-lb boxes and cost $175 each, nuts come in 80-lb boxes and cost
$75 each, and washers come in 30-lb boxes and cost $25 each. The
handyman package weighs at least 1 lb and must include, by weight, at
least 10% screws and 25% bolts, and at most 15% nuts and 10%
washers. To balance the package, the number of bolts cannot exceed the
number of nuts or the number of washers. A bolt weighs 10 times as
much as a nut and 50 times as much as a washer. The goal is to
minimize the cost. Formulate this problem as an LP model.
1/10 = 0.1 pound

x2 = 10
128964375 pound = x3 = 1 pound
The number of
𝑥 2 ≤ 10 𝑥bolts 3 is still less
≤ 10 945678123
11
10 ( 1than ) the number
Continuing…
Hence, this constraint ensures that the numberof nuts!! Thuscannot
of bolts
excceed the number of nuts. This relationship satisfying the through
is achieved
constraint!!
the relation of their weights: 1 bolt is 10 times heavier than 1 nut
Subject to:

Optimal Solution and Objective:


Problem 4:
Furnco manufactures tables and chairs. A table requires 40 board ft of
wood, and a chair requires 30 board ft of wood. Wood may be
purchased at a cost of $1 per board ft, and 40,000 board ft of wood are
available for purchase. It takes 2 hours of skilled labor to manufacture
an unfinished table or an unfinished chair. Three more hours of skilled
labor will turn an unfinished table into a finished table, and 2 more
hours of skilled labor will turn an unfinished chair into a finished chair.
A total of 6,000 hours of skilled labor are available (and have already
been paid for). All furniture produced can be sold at the following unit
prices: unfinished table, $70; finished table, $140; unfinished chair,
$60; finished chair, $110. Formulate an LP that will maximize the
contribution to profit from manufacturing tables and chairs.
,,

Subject to:
2.9 A company produces two products, A and B. The sales volume for A
is at least 80% of the total sales of both A and B. However, the company
cannot sell more than 110 units of A per day. Both products use one raw
material, of which the maximum daily availability is 300 lb. The usage
rates of the raw material are 2 lb per unit of A, and 4 lb per unit of B.
The profit units for A and B are $40 and $90, respectively. Determine
the optimal product mix for the company.

You might also like