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LESSON-4-A

This document provides a comprehensive overview of determining the domain and range of functions through various methods including ordered pairs, mapping diagrams, equations, and graphs. It includes multiple examples illustrating how to identify acceptable inputs and outputs, as well as restrictions such as division by zero. Additionally, it features exercises for practice in identifying domains and ranges.

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lorainehipolito022
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25 views

LESSON-4-A

This document provides a comprehensive overview of determining the domain and range of functions through various methods including ordered pairs, mapping diagrams, equations, and graphs. It includes multiple examples illustrating how to identify acceptable inputs and outputs, as well as restrictions such as division by zero. Additionally, it features exercises for practice in identifying domains and ranges.

Uploaded by

lorainehipolito022
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 4 – DOMAIN AND RANGE OF A

FUNCTION
DOMAIN AND RANGE OF A FUNCTION GIVEN A SET
OF ORDERED PAIRS
Example 1. Determine the domain and range of the
function
{(0, −3), (2, 5), (−1, −1)(−3,15)(1, −1)}
Domain: {−𝟑, −𝟏, 𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟐}
Note: You can also write the domain as how it appears in
the set of ordered pairs such as:
Domain: {0, 2, −1, −3, 1}.
But list down the repeating number ONCE.
Range: {−𝟑, −𝟏, 𝟓, 𝟏𝟓}
Note: You can also write the range as how it appears in
the set of ordered pairs such as: {−3, 5, −1, 15}. But list
down the repeating number ONCE. Notice that we did
DOMAIN AND RANGE OF A FUNCTION
USING MAPPING/ARROW DIAGRAMS
Example 2. Determine the domain and range
described by the mapping below.

Domain: {0, 4}
Range: {2, -8} or {-8, 2}
DOMAIN AND RANGE OF A FUNCTION
GIVEN THE EQUATION
Example 3. Given this function𝒇(𝒙) = , zero
cannot be substituted for𝑥, since division by
zero is undefined.
𝒇(𝒙) =
𝒇(𝟎) =
Hence, the domain is the set of all numbers
except zero.
In set notation, Domain: {𝒙 ∈ ℝ / 𝒙 ≠ 𝟎 }
Since you cannot take zero as your
input, then zero is also not a possible
output.

Hence the range is the set of all real


numbers except zero.

In set notation, Range: {𝒚 ∈ ℝ / 𝒚 ≠ 𝟎


Example 4. Determine the domain and
range of the function 𝒇(𝒙) =
Solution: The denominator (𝒙 + 𝟐)cannot
be equal to zero, since division by zero is
undefined.
Domain:{𝒙 ∈ ℝ / 𝒙 ≠ −𝟐 }.
To find the range, we need to get the
inverse of the function by following the
procedures below:
𝒇(𝒙) =
Replace f(x) by y. 𝑦 =
Interchange the values of 𝑥 and 𝑦. 𝑥
=
Multiply the equation by the LCM
𝑥(𝑦 + 2) = (𝑦 + 2)
𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑥 = 2𝑦 + 1
To find the range, we need to get the
inverse of the function by following the
procedures below:
𝒇(𝒙) =
Replace f(x) by y. 𝑦 =
Interchange the values of 𝑥 and 𝑦. 𝑥=
Multiply the equation by the LCM
𝑥(𝑦 + 2) = (𝑦 + 2)
𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑥 = 2𝑦 + 1
The inverse of the given function is
𝑓-1 (𝑓(𝑥)) = .
By inspection, the inverse has limitations,
too.
The denominator (𝒙 − 𝟐) must not be
equal to zero.
This restriction applies to the possible
outputs (or range) of the original function.
Hence, the range (of the original function)
is the set of all numbers except 2.

In set notation, Range: {𝒚 ∈ ℝ / 𝒚 ≠ 𝟐}


Example 5. Determine the domain and range of the
function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐
Solution: Remember that the domain is the set of
acceptable inputs.
We know that we cannot take the square root of a
negative number.
So, whatever under the square root must be
greater than or equal to zero.
In this case, 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟓 ≥ 𝟎
𝟑𝒙 ≥ 𝟓
𝒙 ≥
Domain:{𝒙 ∈ ℝ / 𝒙 ≥ }.
So, how do we find the range or acceptable
outputs?
Again, consider the square root. We know that
this value (𝟑𝒙 − 𝟓) must be positive number or
zero.
Using the given function,
𝑓(𝑥) = 2(𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑟 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜)
𝑓(𝑥) = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
The range of the function, 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐 are all real
numbers greater than or equal to zero.
In set notation, Range: {𝒚 ∈ ℝ / 𝒚 ≥ 𝟎}
Example 6: Determine the domain and range
of the function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏.
Solution: Noticed that there are no limitations
in the domain of the given function.
We can use any values for this function.
Also, there is no limitation in the range.
Hence, the domain and the range is the set of
all real numbers.
In set notations, Domain: {𝒙 ∈ ℝ }
Range: {𝒚 ∈ ℝ }
DOMAIN AND RANGE OF A FUNCTION GIVEN ITS
GRAPH
Example 7: Determine the domain and range of the
given set of points plotted in the Cartesian plane
below.

Domain: {-4,-2,0,2,4}

Range: {3,2,1,0,-1}
Example 8: Determine the domain and range
of a function described by the graph.
Since this graph goes infinitely left and right
without any gaps, the domain is the set of all
real numbers.
Domain: {𝒙 ∈ ℝ }

Since the lowest 𝒚 −value is −𝟒, and the graph


extends infinitely upward, then, we can see
that the range is all real numbers greater than
or equal to −𝟒.
Range: {𝒚 ∈ ℝ / 𝒚 ≥ −𝟒}
Example 9: Determine the domain and range of a
function described by the graph.

Domain: {𝒙 ∈ ℝ / x

Range: {𝒚 ∈ ℝ / 𝒚 2}
Example 10: Find the domain and range of a
function described by the graph.

Domain: {𝒙 ∈ ℝ / x -3}

Range: {y ∈ ℝ / y 1}
Example 11: Find the domain and range of a
function described by the graph.

Domain: {𝒙 ∈ ℝ / -3 x < 2}

Range: {𝒚 ∈ ℝ / -5 y 4}
ACTIVITY 8 – LIMITED OR LIMITLESS ?
Direction: Identify the domain and range of each
function.
1. {(−𝟑, −𝟑), (𝟎, 𝟑), (−𝟓, −𝟕), (𝟐, 𝟕), (𝟏, 𝟓)}
Domain: ____________________
Range: ____________________
2.
`

Domain: ________________________
Range: __________________________
3. f(x) =
Domain: ____________________
Range: ____________________
4. f(x) =
Domain: ____________________
Range: ____________________
5. f(x) = x – 6
Domain: ____________________
Range: ____________________
6. f(x) = x2 + 1
Domain: ____________________
Range: ____________________
7.

Domain: _____________________
Range: _______________________
8.

Domain :______________________________________
Range:
9.

Domain: ___________________________
Range: _____________________________
10.

Domain: ___________________________
Range: _____________________________

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