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Paging

The document outlines the concepts of paging in memory management, detailing the relationships between physical address space, process size, and page table size. It provides formulas for calculating memory size based on address bits and page sizes, along with examples demonstrating these calculations. Additionally, it discusses the allocation of bits for storing protection and other information in page table entries.

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ronstephenmathew
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3 views

Paging

The document outlines the concepts of paging in memory management, detailing the relationships between physical address space, process size, and page table size. It provides formulas for calculating memory size based on address bits and page sizes, along with examples demonstrating these calculations. Additionally, it discusses the allocation of bits for storing protection and other information in page table entries.

Uploaded by

ronstephenmathew
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Paging-Numerical

Questions and answers


For Main Memory-
• Physical Address Space = Size of main memory
• Size of main memory = Total number of frames x Page size
• Frame size = Page size
• If number of frames in main memory = 2X, then number of bits in
frame number = X bits
• If Page size = 2X Bytes, then number of bits in page offset = X bits
• If size of main memory = 2X Bytes, then number of bits in physical
address = X bits
For Process-
• Virtual Address Space = Size of process
• Number of pages the process is divided = Process size / Page size
• If process size = 2X bytes, then number of bits in virtual address space
= X bits
For Page Table-
• Size of page table = Number of entries in page table x Page table entry
size
• Number of entries in pages table = Number of pages the process is
divided
• Page table entry size = Number of bits in frame number + Number of
bits used for optional fields if any
• In general, if the given address consists of ‘n’ bits, then using ‘n’ bits,
2n locations are possible.
• Then, size of memory = 2n x Size of one location.
• If the memory is byte-addressable, then size of one location = 1 byte.
• Thus, size of memory = 2n bytes.
• If the memory is word-addressable where 1 word = m bytes, then size
of one location = m bytes.
• Thus, size of memory = 2n x m bytes.
Calculate the size of memory if its address consists
of 22 bits and the memory is 2-byte addressable.
• Number of locations possible with 22 bits = 222 locations
• It is given that the size of one location = 2 bytes
• Thus, Size of memory
= 222 x 2 bytes
= 223 bytes
= 8 MB
Calculate the number of bits required in the address
for memory having size of 16 GB. Assume the
memory is 4-byte addressable.
• Let ‘n’ number of bits are required. Then, Size of memory = 2n x 4
bytes.
• Since, the given memory has size of 16 GB, so we have-
2n x 4 bytes = 16 GB
2n x 4 = 16 G
2n x 22 = 234
2n = 232
∴ n = 32 bits
Consider a system with byte-addressable
memory, 32 bit logical addresses, 4 kilobyte
page size and page table entries of 4 bytes
each. The size of the page table in the
system in megabytes is _____.
• Given-
Number of bits in logical address = 32 bits
Page size = 4KB
Page table entry size = 4 bytes
Process Size-
• Number of bits in logical address = 32 bits
Thus,
Process size
= 232 B
= 4 GB
Number of Entries in Page Table-
• Number of pages the process is divided
= Process size / Page size
= 4 GB / 4 KB
= 220 pages
Thus, Number of entries in page table = 220 entries
Page Table Size-
= Number of entries in page table x Page table entry size
= 220 x 4 bytes
= 4 MB
Consider a machine with 64 MB physical
memory and a 32 bit virtual address space.
If the page size is 4 KB, what is the
approximate size of the page table?
Given-
• Size of main memory = 64 MB
• Number of bits in virtual address space = 32 bits
• Page size = 4 KB
•
Number of Bits in Physical Address-
• Size of main memory
• = 64 MB
• = 226 B
Thus, Number of bits in physical address = 26 bits
Number of Frames in Main Memory-
• Number of frames in main memory
• = Size of main memory / Frame size
• = 64 MB / 4 KB
• = 226 B / 212 B
• = 214
Thus, Number of bits in frame number = 14 bits
Number of Bits in Page Offset-
• We have,
• Page size
• = 4 KB
• = 212 B
Thus, Number of bits in page offset = 12 bits
Process Size-
• Number of bits in virtual address space = 32 bits
Process size
= 232 B
= 4 GB
Number of Entries in Page Table-
Number of pages the process is divided
= Process size / Page size
= 4 GB / 4 KB
= 220 pages
• Thus, Number of entries in page table = 220 entries
Page Table Size-
Page table size
= Number of entries in page table x Page table entry size
= Number of entries in page table x Number of bits in frame number
= 220 x 14 bits
= 220 x 16 bits (Approximating 14 bits ≈ 16 bits)
= 220 x 2 bytes
= 2 MB
In a virtual memory system, size of virtual
address is 32-bit, size of physical address is
30-bit, page size is 4 Kbyte and size of each
page table entry is 32-bit. The main memory
is byte addressable. Which one of the
following is the maximum number of bits
that can be used for storing protection and
other information in each page table entry?
Given-
Number of bits in virtual address = 32 bits
Number of bits in physical address = 30 bits
Page size = 4 KB
Page table entry size = 32 bits
Size of Main Memory-
Number of bits in physical address = 30 bits
Thus,
Size of main memory
= 230 B
= 1 GB
Number of Frames in Main Memory-
• Number of frames in main memory
= Size of main memory / Frame size
= 1 GB / 4 KB
= 230 B / 212 B
= 218
• Thus, Number of bits in frame number = 18 bits
Number of Bits used for Storing other Information-
• Maximum number of bits that can be used for storing protection and
other information
= Page table entry size – Number of bits in frame number
= 32 bits – 18 bits
= 14 bits

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