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Methods of psychology

The document outlines various methods of psychology, which are systematic approaches to studying mental processes and behavior. Key methods include introspection, observation, experimentation, survey methods, clinical methods, and case studies, each serving different research purposes. These methods aim to facilitate understanding of individual behavior and improve social adjustment.

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Rabeeza Ahsan
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3 views11 pages

Methods of psychology

The document outlines various methods of psychology, which are systematic approaches to studying mental processes and behavior. Key methods include introspection, observation, experimentation, survey methods, clinical methods, and case studies, each serving different research purposes. These methods aim to facilitate understanding of individual behavior and improve social adjustment.

Uploaded by

Rabeeza Ahsan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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METHOD OF PSYCHOLOGY

PREPARED BY
SAFDAR KHAN
METHODS OF PSYCHOLOGY

o PSYCHOLOGY IS DEFINED AS A SCIENCE WHICH STUDIES MENTAL


PROCESSES, EXPERIENCES AND BEHAVIOR IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS.

o METHODS OF PSYCHOLOGY ARE SYSTEMATIC APPROACHES USED TO STUDY


AND UNDERSTAND BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL PROCESSES.
IMPORTANT METHODS

 INTROSPECTION
 OBSERVATION
 EXPERIMENTATION
 SURVEY METHODS
 CLINICAL METHODS
 CASE STUDY
1.
INTROSPECTION

 INTROSPECTION MEANS
EXAMINING THE INNER BEHAVIOR
BY ONESELF.
 IT LOOKING INTO ONE'S OWN
MIND AND RECORDING WHAT HE
FINDS THERE.
 IN THIS METHOD THE INDIVIDUAL
IS BOTH THE SUBJECT AND THE
OBSERVER. IT IS SELF
OBSERVATION.
OBSERVATION

 OBSERVATION LITERALLY MEANS LOOKING OUTSIDE


ONESELF.
 IT IS VERY IMPORTANT METHODS COLLECTING DATA
IN ALMOST ALL TYPES OF RESEARCH STUDIES.

OBSERVATION BASICALLY OF TWO TYPES-

1.NATURAL OBSERVATION

2.PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION
 IN THIS METHOD OBSERVER OBSERVE AND COLLECT
DATA.
 THIS METHOD IS USEFUL TO STUDY CHILDREN
MENTALLY ILL AND UNCONSCIOUS PATIENTS.
EXPERIMENTATIO
N

 THIS IS THE MOST OBJECTIVE WAY OF


STUDYING BEHAVIOR.
 IN THIS METHODS EXPERIMENTS ARE
CONDUCTED IN LABORATORIES UNDER
CONTROLLED CONDITIONS.
 THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD USES A
SYSTEMATIC PROCEDURE CALLED
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN.
 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN PROVIDES
IMPORTANT GUIDE LINES TO THE
RESEARCHER TO CARRY OUT HIS
RESEARCH SYSTEMATICALLY.
SURVEY
 THIS METHOD IS USED TO GET
INFORMATION FROM LARGE NUMBER
OF PEOPLE.
 • FOR EXAMPLE: QUESTIONNAIRE,
CHECK LISTS, RATING SCALE,
INVENTORS USED TO COLLECT
REQUIRED INFORMATION.
 THIS METHOD IS USED TO GET
POLITICAL OPINION, CUSTOMERS
PREFERENCES.
CLINICAL
METHOD
 THIS METHOD IS USED VERY
COMMONLY IN HOSPITALS AND ALSO
IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS.
 FOR EXAMPLE: WHEN A PATIENT IS
ADMITTED IN HOSPITAL NURSE
COLLECT DETAILED INFORMATION
PERTAINING TO THE DISEASE OF
PATIENT AND THIS INFORMATION
WILL INCLUDE PAST HISTORY OF
DISEASE, TREATMENT TAKEN
ALREADY.
 IT IS THE METHOD THAT DEAL WITH THE BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS OF THE
INDIVIDUALS IN ORDER TO FACILITATE THEIR BETTER SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT.
 IT COLLECTS DETAILED INFORMATION OF AND MAKES IN-DEPTH STUDY ON
THE BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS OF THE INDIVIDUALS AND DIAGNOSES THEIR
SPECIFIC PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTS REMEDIAL MEASURES.
CASE STUDY
METHOD
 CASE STUDY IS A MINUTE STUDY OF A
PARTICULAR INDIVIDUAL CASE. IT IS
THE IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF A
PERSON, GROUP OR PHENOMENON.
 THIS METHOD IS APPLIED TO STUDY
SPECIAL BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS OF
AN INDIVIDUAL BY SPECIALLY TRAINED
TEACHERS, PSYCHOLOGISTS AND
PSYCHIATRISTS.
 THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS
METHOD IS TO HELP THE INDIVIDUAL
ADJUST BETTER WITH THE
ENVIRONMENT AND GAIN SELF
CONFIDENCE TO ATTAIN HIGHER
LEVELS OF ACHIEVEMENT.

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