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The document provides an overview of sound, explaining its nature as energy produced by vibrations that create waves. It discusses properties of sound such as pitch, frequency, wavelength, and volume, as well as how sound is measured in decibels and Hertz. Additionally, it highlights the differences in hearing capabilities among humans and animals, and the applications of ultrasound and infrasound.

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8 views

Copy of us2-s-105a-sound-overview-powerpoint

The document provides an overview of sound, explaining its nature as energy produced by vibrations that create waves. It discusses properties of sound such as pitch, frequency, wavelength, and volume, as well as how sound is measured in decibels and Hertz. Additionally, it highlights the differences in hearing capabilities among humans and animals, and the applications of ultrasound and infrasound.

Uploaded by

halmomani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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This resource has been designed with animations to make it as fun and engaging
as possible. To view the content in the correct formatting, please view the
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What Is Sound?

How do you hear sound?


What sounds do you hear right now?
What responses do you have to sounds?
Why?
What Is Sound?

Sound is energy
caused by
vibration that
creates waves.
Energy
• Energy is the ability to do work or move an object with force.
• Sound moves the air (or matter) around us.
• Sound occurs when an object is vibrated by force.
• Sound is a type of energy.
Vibration
For sound to be produced, an object (or matter) needs to be
vibrated or moved by a force.
Sound Waves
The initial force used to make a sound vibrates the matter,
surrounding it in a chain reaction and creating waves.
How Are Sounds Different
from
Each Other?
Sounds can have different pitches,
frequencies, wavelengths, and
amplitudes, so they sound different to
our ears.
Properties of Sound
peak

wavelengt
h

amplitude
amplitude

trough
The Relationship Between
Pitch, Frequency, and
Wavelength
Although the
Pitch is the highness or lowness of a sound.
waves have
Frequency is the number of peaks of waves in a specific time
period. The more peaks in this time, the higher the pitch.
different
Wavelength is the distance between two peaks or two troughs of
amplitudes, their
waves. A higher-pitched sound has a shorter wavelength.

--------
--------
wavelength
High-pitched sounds is
have high frequencies (more waves
occurring in a given amount of time).
the same.
High-pitched sounds have shorter wavelengths.
Therefore,
Low-pitched soundsthey
have low frequencies (a smaller number of
waves occurring in a given amount of time).
have the
Low-pitched same
sounds have longer wavelengths.
pitch.
Volume

amplitude

------------------------------
• Volume is proportional to the amplitude of the sound wave. It
is how loud or soft a sound is.
• Amplitude is the measurement of wave displacement from
its resting position. It can be measured from rest to peak or
from rest to trough.
• Lower amplitude, like the wave on the left, means lower
volume.
• Higher amplitude, like the wave on the right, means higher
volume.
Measurement of Sound:
Volume

Sound volume is measured in bels.


We commonly measure sounds audible to
humans in decibels, dB (one-tenth of a bel).
Bels are named in honor of Alexander
Graham Bell, who is credited with the
invention of the telephone.
Measurement of Sound:
Volume

Human ears can be damaged by


Loud
A whisper
musicisisabout
about20110
decibels.
decibels.
sounds louder than 85 decibels.
Insulators and Amplifiers

Sometimes, it is helpful to insulate sounds or make them


quieter.
In what
It is alsosituations
sometimes would a sound
helpful insulator
to amplify be helpful?
sounds or make them
louder.
In what situations would an amplifier be helpful?
Measurement of Sound:
Frequency

Sound frequency is measured in a unit called Hertz (Hz).


10 Hz means that 10 sound waves pass a given point in one
second.
Humans can generally hear sounds between 20 and 20,000 Hz.
How We Hear Sound
The vibrations caused by the initial object being vibrated reach
our eardrums.

In conjunction with our nerves and brain, our eardrums let us


know that we hear a sound.
Animals’ Hearing
Human
Elephants
earscan
candetect
detecteven
a range
lower
of frequencies than
of 20humans
– 20,000
Some dolphins and bats can hear frequencies up to 120,000 Hz.
(fromHz.
14 Hz).
Ultrasound and Infrasound
Waves
Ultrasound waves have frequencies too high for humans to hear
and shorter wavelengths than other sound waves.

Infrasound waves have frequencies too low for humans to hear.


Uses for Ultrasound and Infrasound
Waves
Ultrasound waves can reflect more easily than other sound
waves. They are useful in:

non-destructive
medical testing of medical
imaging uses sonar
mechanical
equipment

Infrasound waves can record earthquakes that humans may not


feel.
Sound Scientist

Leonardo Da Vinci is credited with discovering that sound


travels in waves.
Sound Scientist

Galileo Galilei discovered the relationship between frequency


and pitch.
Turn and
Talk

• Why is sound considered to be a


type of energy?
(Remember that energy is the ability to do work or use a force to move
an object.)

• Model the movement of sound from


a source to a human’s eardrum.
Think About It
What is the relationship between pitch, frequency, and
wavelength?

Compare the sounds of a jet


plane’s engines and a
parakeet chirping.
Use the words pitch,
frequency, wavelength, and
volume in your comparison.

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