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LESSON 5

The document provides an overview of isotopes, defining them as forms of a chemical element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. It categorizes isotopes into non-radioactive (stable) and radioactive (unstable), detailing their applications in various fields. Additionally, it explains how isotopes are represented using both hyphen notation and AZE notation.

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Therese June Cabilin Buñao
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2 views

LESSON 5

The document provides an overview of isotopes, defining them as forms of a chemical element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. It categorizes isotopes into non-radioactive (stable) and radioactive (unstable), detailing their applications in various fields. Additionally, it explains how isotopes are represented using both hyphen notation and AZE notation.

Uploaded by

Therese June Cabilin Buñao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ISOTOPES

Presented by:

Therese June C.
Buñao
Tuesday, February 2, 20XX Sample Footer Text 2
WHAT IS PROTON?
Protons are the positively charged
particles which are present in the nucleus
of an atom.
3
WHAT IS AN
ELECTRON?
An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be
either bound to an atom or free (not bound). An electron that is bound
to an atom is one of the three primary types of particles within the atom
-- the other two are protons and neutrons.
4
WHAT IS NEUTRON?
Neutrons are subatomic particles that are one of the primary
constituents of atomic nuclei. They are usually denoted by the
symbol n or no. Neutrons do not have any net electric charge
associated with them. They do, however, have a mass which is
5
Tuesday, February 2, 20XX Sample Footer Text 6
Tuesday, February 2, 20XX Sample Footer Text 7
Lesson 4: Lesson Objectives:

• Recognize common isotopes and their uses


Isotopes and • Define isotopes

Their Uses
Tuesday, February 2, 20XX Sample Footer Text 8
WHAT IS AN ISOTOPE?
A form of a chemical
element in which the
atoms have the same
number of protons (part
of the nucleus of an
atom) but with a
different number of
neutrons (part of the
nucleus of an atom).
Tuesday, February 2, 20XX Sample Footer Text 9
11
EXAMPLES OF Isotopes and Isobars
• Isotopes refer to the different
ISOTOPES atoms or forms of an element
with the same atomic number
but different atomic masses. So,
they contain the same number of
protons and electrons but differ in the
number of neutrons. For example,
Carbon -14, Carbon-13, and Carbon-
12 are isotopes of carbon as C-14 has
8 neutrons, C-13 has 7 neutrons and
C-12 has 6 neutrons, whereas, all of
them have the same number of
protons that is 6 and the same
Tuesday, February 2, 20XX Sample Footer Text
number of electrons that is 6. 12
EXAMPLES OF ISOTOPES

13
2 CATEGORIES OF
ISOTOPES
NON- RADIOACTIVE
ISOTOPE and
RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPE
14
NON-RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES
(stable)are stable atoms
• Non-radioactive isotopes
which only differ in mass.
• Stable isotopes are non-radioactive forms of
atoms. Although they do not emit radiation,
their unique properties enable them to be used
in a broad variety of applications, including
water and soil management, environmental
studies, nutrition assessment studies and
15
RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES
• Radioactive isotopes (radioisotopes) are
unstable due to the imbalance of neutrons and
protons, which causes the nucleus to decay
over time through nuclear fission and emit
radiation.
• Decay occurs at a different rate for each
isotope, but the time taken for the
radioactivity of an isotope to decrease by 50%
16
• Radioactive isotopes have a variety of applications.
Generally, however, they are useful because either
we can detect their radioactivity or we can use the
energy they release.

• Radioactive isotopes are effective tracers because


their radioactivity is easy to detect. A tracer is a
substance that can be used to follow the pathway of
that substance through some structure. For instance,
leaks in underground water pipes can be discovered
by running some tritium-containing water through
the pipes and then using a Geiger counter to locate
any radioactive tritium subsequently present in the
ISOTOPES AND ITS USES
ISOTOPES AND ITS USES
HOW ARE ISOTOPES
REPRESENTED?
Isotopes are mainly represented in two different ways,
which are as follows
• The name or symbol of an element is written first, which is
followed by a hyphen and mass number of its isotope. For
example, uranium-235 or U-235, uranium-239 or U-239,
carbon-12 or C-12, etc.
• The use of AZE notation in which we write the symbol of the
element and prefix the atomic number in subscript or lower
left side and the mass number is prefixed in the superscript
or upper left side. For example, the isotope uranium-235 is
written as 23592U and hydrogen isotopes are written 26
ISOTOPE NOTATION

27
PROTONS = ATOMIC NUMBER

NEUTRONS= MASS NUMBER - ATOMIC

NUMBER

ELECTRONS= ATOMIC NUMBER - CHARGE


PROTONS = ATOMIC NUMBER

NEUTRONS= MASS NUMBER - ATOMIC

NUMBER

ELECTRONS= ATOMIC NUMBER - CHARGE


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